osi 模型 会话层_会话层在OSI模型中的功能| 计算机网络

osi 模型 会话层

什么是会话层？ (What is Session Layer?)

The services provided by the first three layers are not enough for some processes. The session layer is also known as a network dialog controller, it creates, maintains, synchronizes the interaction between communicating applications.

前三层提供的服务对于某些过程而言还不够。 会话层也称为网络对话控制器，它创建，维护，同步通信应用程序之间的交互。

• The session layer tracks the dialogs between systems, which are also called sessions. This layer manages a session by initiating the opening and closing of sessions between end-user application processes.

  会话层跟踪系统之间的对话框，也称为会话。 该层通过启动最终用户应用程序进程之间会话的打开和关闭来管理会话。

• It also controls single or multiple connections for each end-user application and directly communicates with both the presentation and the transport layers. The services provided by the session layer are generally implemented in the application environment using remote procedure calls (RPCs).

  它还为每个最终用户应用程序控制单个或多个连接，并直接与表示层和传输层通信。 会话层提供的服务通常是在应用程序环境中使用远程过程调用(RPC)来实现的。

• In the Session layer, streams of data are marked and are resynchronized properly, so that the ends of the messages are not cut prematurely and data loss is avoided.

  在会话层中 ，数据流被标记并正确重新同步，因此不会过早地切断消息的末端，从而避免了数据丢失。

• A protocol such as Zone Information Protocol, AppleTalk Protocol, and Session Control Protocol are used to implement sessions on Web browsers.

  诸如区域信息协议，AppleTalk协议和会话控制协议之类的协议用于在Web浏览器上实现会话。

• Through checkpointing and recovery session management and restoration are possible using these protocols.

  通过检查点和恢复会话，可以使用这些协议进行管理和恢复。

• For example, in live television programs sessions are implemented, in which the audio and video streams emerging from two different sources are merged. This can be avoid overlapping and silent broadcast time.

  例如，在实况电视节目中实现了会话，其中将从两个不同源出现的音频和视频流合并。 这样可以避免重叠和无声的广播时间。

This figure shows the relationship of the Session layer to the transport layer and presentation layer,

该图显示了会话层与传输层和表示层的关系，

Session Layer

会话层

会话层的设计问题 (Design Issues with Session Layer)

• Management of dialog control.

  对话框控件的管理。

• It allows machines to make sessions between them seamlessly.

  它允许机器在它们之间无缝地进行会话。

• Token management and Synchronization, such services also provided by the session layer.

  令牌管理和同步，此类服务也由会话层提供。

• Provide quality and intensified services to the user.

  为用户提供优质，完善的服务。

传输层的功能 (Functionalities of the transport layer)

Specific functionalities of the transport layer are as follows:

传输层的特定功能如下：

1. Dialog Control

1.对话控制

• The session layer behaves as a dialog controller.

  会话层充当对话框控制器。

• It allows two communication machines to enter into a dialog.

  它允许两台通讯机进入一个对话框。

• It permits to communicate in either half-duplex (one way at a time) or full-duplex (two ways at a time) mode of communication.

  它允许以半双工(一次一种方式)或全双工(一次两种方式)进行通信。

• For Example, A dialog between a terminal connected to the mainframe can be half-duplex.

  例如，与大型机相连的终端之间的对话可以是半双工的。

2. Synchronization

2.同步

• This layer permitted a process to add checkpoints which are referred to as synchronization points into the stream of data.

  该层允许一个过程将称为同步点的检查点添加到数据流中。

• Example: If a system is sending a file of 2500 pages, It is advisable to add checkpoints after every 100 to ensures that a 100-page unit is successfully received and acknowledged independently.

  示例：如果系统正在发送2500页的文件，建议每100个页后添加一个检查点，以确保成功独立接收并确认一个100页的单元。

• In this case, if a crash happens during transmission of page number 824; then retransmission begins on page 801. There is no need to retransmit pages 1 to 800 pages.

  在这种情况下，如果在发送页码824的过程中发生崩溃； 然后重新传输从第801页开始。不需要重新传输第1至800页。

3. Token Management

3.代币管理

This layer is also responsible for managing tokens. Through this, it prevents the two users to simultaneously attempt access of the same critical operation.

该层还负责管理令牌。 这样，可以防止两个用户同时尝试访问同一关键操作。

翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/computer-networks/functions-of-session-layer-in-the-osi-model.aspx

osi 模型 会话层