图像处理之膨胀腐蚀操作

腐蚀的算法：

用3x3的结构元素，扫描图像的每一个像素，用结构元素与其覆盖的二值图像做“与”操作：如果都为1，结果图像的该像素为1。否则为0。

结果：使二值图像减小一圈

B}Í S = { x,y | SxyÄ定义：E = B

 

膨胀的算法：

用3x3的结构元素，扫描图像的每一个像素，用结构元素与其覆盖的二值图像做“与”操作：如果都为0，结果图像的该像素为0。否则为1

结果：使二值图像扩大一圈

 S = { x,y | Sxy∩B ≠Ф}Å定义：E = B

void erode_image(IplImage * src,IplImage * dst)
{	
	if(src == NULL || dst == NULL)
		return;
	
	int width = src->width;
	int height = src->height;

	//水平方向的腐蚀
	for (int i=0;i < src->height;i++)
	{
		for (int j=1;j < src->width - 1;j++)
		{
		//	data = ((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * i))[j];
			if(((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * i))[j] == 0)
			{
				((uchar *)(dst->imageData + dst->widthStep * i))[j] = 0;
				for (int k=0;k < 3;k++)
				{
				//	data = ((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * i))[j + k -1];
					if(((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * i))[j + k -1] == 255)
					{
						((uchar *)(dst->imageData + dst->widthStep * i))[j] = 255;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
			else
				((uchar *)(dst->imageData + dst->widthStep * i))[j] = 255;
		}
	}
	//垂直方向的腐蚀
	for (int i=0;i < dst->width;i++)
	{
		for (int j=1;j < dst->height - 1;j++)
		{
			//	data = ((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * i))[j];
			if(((uchar *)(dst->imageData + dst->widthStep * j))[i] == 0)
			{
				((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * j))[i] = 0;
				for (int k=0;k < 3;k++)
				{
					//	data = ((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * i))[j + k -1];
					if(((uchar *)(dst->imageData + dst->widthStep * (j + k -1)))[i] == 255)
					{
						((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * j))[i] = 255;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
			else
				((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * j))[i] = 255;
		}
	}
}	
void dilate_image(IplImage * src,IplImage * dst)
{	
	if(src == NULL || dst == NULL)
		return;

	int width = src->width;
	int height = src->height;

	//水平方向的膨胀
	for (int i=0;i < src->height;i++)
	{
		for (int j=1;j < src->width - 1;j++)
		{
			if(((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * i))[j] == 255)
			{
				((uchar *)(dst->imageData + dst->widthStep * i))[j] = 255;
				for (int k=0;k < 3;k++)
				{
					if(((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * i))[j + k -1] == 0)
					{
						((uchar *)(dst->imageData + dst->widthStep * i))[j] = 0;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
			else
				((uchar *)(dst->imageData + dst->widthStep * i))[j] = 0;
		}
	}
	//垂直方向的膨胀
	for (int i=0;i < dst->width;i++)
	{
		for (int j=1;j < dst->height - 1;j++)
		{
			//	data = ((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * i))[j];
			if(((uchar *)(dst->imageData + dst->widthStep * j))[i] == 255)
			{
				((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * j))[i] = 255;
				for (int k=0;k < 3;k++)
				{
					//	data = ((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * i))[j + k -1];
					if(((uchar *)(dst->imageData + dst->widthStep * (j + k -1)))[i] == 0)
					{
						((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * j))[i] = 0;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
			else
				((uchar *)(src->imageData + src->widthStep * j))[i] = 0;
		}
	}
}

image = cvLoadImage(filename,CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE);
		dst1 = cvCreateImage(cvSize(image->width,image->height),image->depth,image->nChannels);
		
		dilate_image(image,dst1);
		erode_image(image,dst1);

		cvSaveImage(str,image);

原图

结果