PTPX-功耗分析总结

使用PrimeTime PX进行功耗分析有两种：一种是平均功耗的分析Averaged power analysis，一种是Time-based power analysis。

 

电路的功耗主要有两种，一种是漏电流功耗(Leakage Power)，也就是一个单元在没有switching，inactive或者static情况下的功耗，包括intrinsic leakage power和gate leakage power。

其中intrinsic leakage power主要是由source-to-drain的漏电流引起，也包括扩散区diffusion layer和基底substrate之间的电流泄露。

Gate leakage power是由source-to-gate和gate-to-drain的漏电流引起，随着工艺尺寸的降低diminish，它已经成为主要的漏电流功耗来源。Gate leakage power主要依赖于gate oxide的厚度和电压强度，不依赖于温度。

 

 

另外一种是Dynamic Power，是指电路在active时候的功耗，包括internal power和switching power。

Internal power是指在boundary of cell内的动态功耗，包含cell内部的电容充放电，PN节之间的瞬时短路（momentary short circuit， P晶体管和N晶体管在关闭打开过程中间的某一短暂时刻，会短路，导致从VDD到GND的瞬时电流）.因此，对于具有较慢transition time的电路，short-circuit power能够占到总的gate power的50%。

 Switching power是由一个cell的输出端负载电容的充放电导致的（power dissipated by the charging and discharging of load capacitance at the output of the cell）.总的load capacitance是输出驱动端（driving output）net和gate电容的累加。

 

Averaged mode: SAIF, VCD, set_switching_activity, Tool defaults

Time-based mode: RTL-VCD, Gate-Level VCD (Peak power)

 

关于SAIF和VCD的区别：

SAIF: SAIF stands for Switching Activity Interface Format. The SAIF files capture signal transitions and the time spent at each logic level. The SAIF file contains the toggle counts and static probabilities for the nets in the design. SAIF is supported only in the averaged power analysis mode. Use the read_saif command to annotate the activity information in the SAIF format.  

 

 

 

VCD: VCD stands for Verilog Change Dump format. It is an event-based format that contains every value change for the signals in the design and the time at which they occurred. Use the read_vcd command to specify the VCD file in both the averaged and time-based analysis modes. Use the read_vcd command to specify the activity files in other event-based formats within the PrimeTime PX tool. Internally, the tool converts these formats to the VCD format using the appropriate utility.

 

VCD文件示例：http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_change_dump

 

这里只关注Gate-level的功耗分析，对于RTL level的，需要进行一系列的mapping操作。

 

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