一、lora芯片126x、127x差异
1、支持频段
SX1278芯片支持的频段为137-525MHz,射频发射输出脚为第27脚(PA_BOOST)或第28脚(RFO_LF),射频接收输入脚为第1脚(RFI_LF);
SX1276支持的频段为137-1020MHz,当使用137-525MHz时,射频发射输出脚必须为第27脚(PA_BOOST)或第28脚(RFO_LF),射频接收输入脚必须为第1脚(RFI_LF),当使用862-1020MHz时,射频发射输出脚必须为第27脚(PA_BOOST)或第22脚(RFO_HF),射频接收输入脚必须为第21脚(RFI_HF)。
SX1268支持的频段为150-960MHz,射频发射输出脚为第23脚(RFO),射频接收差分输入脚分别为第21脚(RFI_P)、第22脚(RFI_N)。更换频段时,无需更换引脚,只需调整射频电路参数。
2、晶振电路
SX1268芯片与SX1278/6芯片三者均可以采用TCXO晶振,若采用TCXO晶振,则XTB引脚不接,但SX1268芯片的第6脚(DIO3)可用来为TCXO晶振供电,只需通过软件配置。采用XTAL时,SX1278/6外部需添加匹配电容;而SX1268外部无需添加匹配电容,内部已自带,可直接通过软件调节。
3、lora无线模块配电及发射功率、接收灵敏度、电流
SX1278/6芯片仅有一种配电方式,最大发射功率20dBm,要达到最大发射功率,需使用第27脚(PA_BOOST),发射电流120mA@20dBm。
SX1268芯片最大发射功率可达22dBm,带有两种配电方式,低压差稳压器(LDO)以及高效率降压DC-DC转换器,可选择DC-DC形式,发射电流118mA@22dBm。
SX1278/6芯片的接收电流约为12mA左右,SX1268芯片在DC-DC方式下,接收电流约为5mA左右;三者能达到的最高灵敏度为-148dBm。
4、扩频因子、空速等参数
在LoRa调制下,SX1278/6的扩频因子6-12,BW 7.8-500kHz,空中速率0.018-37.5kbps。而SX1268的扩频因子5-12,BW 7.81-500kHz,空中速率0.018-62.5kbps。可以看出在LoRa调制技术下,SX1268芯片可以达到的空中速率要比SX1278/6大得多。
二、sx126x,127x寄存器,接口都是基本一致,分享一段通用性、结构性都比较好的lora驱动程序,自适应126x、127x
typedef struct {
void (*DioPin_top_half)(void);
/*!
* \brief Tx Done callback prototype.
*/
void (*TxDone_topHalf)(void); // read irqAt for timestamp of interrupt
void (*TxDone_botHalf)(void); // read irqAt for timestamp of interrupt
/*!
* \brief Tx Timeout callback prototype.
*/
void ( *TxTimeout )( void );
/*!
* \brief Rx Done callback prototype.
*
* \param [IN] payload Received buffer pointer
* \param [IN] size Received buffer size
* \param [IN] rssi RSSI value computed while receiving the frame [dBm]
* \param [IN] snr Raw SNR value given by the radio hardware
* FSK : N/A ( set to 0 )
* LoRa: SNR value in dB
* \param [IN] curTime captured time at RxDone event occurance
*/
//void ( *RxDone )(uint16_t size, int16_t rssi, int8_t snr);
void ( *RxDone )(uint8_t size, float rssi, float snr); // read radio.rx_buf for payload, irqAt for timestamp of interrupt
/*!
* \brief Rx Timeout callback prototype.
*/
void ( *RxTimeout )( void );
/*!
* \brief Rx Error callback prototype.
*/
void ( *RxError )( void );
/*!
* \brief FHSS Change Channel callback prototype.
*
* \param [IN] currentChannel Index number of the current channel
*/
void ( *FhssChangeChannel )( uint8_t currentChannel );
/*!
* \brief CAD Done callback prototype.
*
* \param [IN] channelDetected Channel Activity detected during the CAD
*/
void ( *CadDone ) ( bool channelActivityDetected );
} RadioEvents_t;
事件回调结构
DioPin_top_half:DIO事件回调函数
TxDone_topHalf:发送上半部处理
TxDone_botHalf:发送下半部处理,猜测类似linux中断分成上下半部处理提升发送效率
TxTimeout:发送超时回调
RxDone:接收完成
RxTimeout:接收超时
RxError:接收错误
FhssChangeChannel:改变频率
CadDone:CAD前导码回调
typedef struct {
void (*init)(const RadioEvents_t*);
void (*standby)(void);
void (*loRaModemConfig)(unsigned bwKHz, uint8_t sf, uint8_t cr);
void (*setChannel)(unsigned hz);
void (*set_tx_dbm)(int8_t dbm);
// preambleLen, fixLen, crcOn, invIQ
void (*loRaPacketConfig)(unsigned preambleLen, bool fixLen, bool crcOn, bool invIQ);
int (*send)(uint8_t size/*, timestamp_t maxListenTime, timestamp_t channelFreeTime, int rssiThresh*/);
void (*printOpMode)(void);
bool (*service)(void);
void (*rx)(unsigned timeout);
void (*setLoRaSymbolTimeout)(uint16_t symbs);
void (*irqTopHalf)(void);
uint16_t irq_pin;
void (*postcfgreadback)(void);
bool (*bw_at_highest)(void);
bool (*bw_at_lowest)(void);
bool (*sf_at_slowest)(void);
bool (*sf_at_fastest)(void);
uint8_t *rx_buf;
uint8_t *tx_buf;
} lorahal_t;
HAL接口结构定义
init:初始化,将上面定义的事件回调结构作为入口
standby:待机处理
loRaModemConfig:配置lora参数
setChannel:设置频段
set_tx_dbm:设置功率
loRaPacketConfig:设置lora数据参数
send:发送函数
printOpMode:获取工作模式
service:根据相应中断状态调用处理函数
rx:接收
setLoRaSymbolTimeout:
irqTopHalf:中断上半部处理
irq_pin:中断引脚
postcfgreadback:配置读回
bw_at_highest
bw_at_lowest
sf_at_slowest
sf_at_fastest
这四个应该是带宽与扩频因子相关函数,具体不清楚什么用
rx_buf
tx_buf
lora的发送接收缓冲
整个驱动都是围绕这两个结构转,对上层应用也不需因为切换不同芯片而修改,操作系统驱动设计思想,但这种实现方式更加简洁
要使用127x驱动,将其初始化到127x的相关函数
void sethal_sx127x()
{
lorahal.init = Init_sx127x;
lorahal.standby = Standby_sx127x;
lorahal.loRaModemConfig = LoRaModemConfig_sx127x;
lorahal.setChannel = SetChannel_sx127x;
lorahal.set_tx_dbm = set_tx_dbm_sx127x;
lorahal.loRaPacketConfig = LoRaPacketConfig_sx127x;
lorahal.send = Send_sx127x;
lorahal.printOpMode = printOpMode_sx127x;
lorahal.service = service_sx127x;
lorahal.rx = Rx_sx127x;
lorahal.setLoRaSymbolTimeout = SetLoRaSymbolTimeout_sx127x;
lorahal.irqTopHalf = SX127x_dio0_topHalf;
lorahal.irq_pin = DIO0_PIN;
lorahal.postcfgreadback = PostConfigReadBack;
lorahal.bw_at_highest = is_bw_at_highest;
lorahal.bw_at_lowest = is_bw_at_lowest;
lorahal.sf_at_slowest = is_sf_at_slowest;
lorahal.sf_at_fastest = is_sf_at_fastest;
lorahal.rx_buf = SX127x_rx_buf;
lorahal.tx_buf = SX127x_tx_buf;
}
要使用126x驱动,将其初始化到126x的相关函数
void sethal_sx126x()
{
lorahal.init = Init_sx126x;
lorahal.standby = Standby_sx126x;
lorahal.loRaModemConfig = LoRaModemConfig_sx126x;
lorahal.setChannel = SetChannel_sx126x;
lorahal.set_tx_dbm = set_tx_dbm_sx126x;
lorahal.loRaPacketConfig = LoRaPacketConfig_sx126x;
lorahal.send = Send_sx126x;
lorahal.printOpMode = printOpMode_sx126x;
lorahal.service = service_sx126x;
lorahal.rx = Rx_sx126x;
lorahal.setLoRaSymbolTimeout = SetLoRaSymbolTimeout_sx126x;
lorahal.irqTopHalf = SX126x_dio1_topHalf;
lorahal.irq_pin = DIO1_PIN;
lorahal.postcfgreadback = PostConfigReadBack;
lorahal.bw_at_highest = is_bw_at_highest;
lorahal.bw_at_lowest = is_bw_at_lowest;
lorahal.sf_at_slowest = is_sf_at_slowest;
lorahal.sf_at_fastest = is_sf_at_fastest;
lorahal.rx_buf = SX126x_rx_buf;
lorahal.tx_buf = SX126x_tx_buf;
}
事件回调函数结构在上层定义,
void radio_irq_callback()
{
tickAtIrq = uwTick;
}
void txDoneCB()
{
txing = 0;
appHal.lcd_printOpMode(false);
lcd_print_tx_duration((int)(tickAtIrq - txStartAt), (unsigned)cycleDur);
if (rx_start_at_tx_done) {
lora_rx_begin();
rx_start_at_tx_done = 0;
}
}
void rxTimeoutCB()
{
}
const RadioEvents_t rev = {
/* DioPin_top_half */ radio_irq_callback,
/* TxDone_topHalf */ NULL,
/* TxDone_botHalf */ txDoneCB,
/* TxTimeout */ NULL,
/* RxDone */ rxDoneCB,
/* RxTimeout */ rxTimeoutCB,
/* RxError */ NULL,
/* FhssChangeChannel */NULL,
/* CadDone */ NULL
};
const RadioEvents_t rev = {
/* DioPin_top_half */ radio_irq_callback,
/* TxDone_topHalf */ NULL,
/* TxDone_botHalf */ txDoneCB,
/* TxTimeout */ NULL,
/* RxDone */ rxDoneCB,
/* RxTimeout */ rxTimeoutCB,
/* RxError */ NULL,
/* FhssChangeChannel */NULL,
/* CadDone */ NULL
};
通过读取OPMODE寄存器识别126x、127x芯片,通过lorahal.init(&rev);
将2种芯片的共同事件回调函数结构传入,完成初始化
芯片识别,接口初始化
RegOpMode.octet = read_reg(REG_OPMODE);
if (RegOpMode.octet != 0xff) {
/* radio is sx127x: status.octet==00, sx127xopmode==1 */
printf("is sx127x\r\n");
sethal_sx127x();
} else {
/* radio is sx126x: status.octet==45, sx127xopmode==0xff */
printf("IS sx126x\r\n");
sethal_sx126x();
}
上层应用的调用,统一的接口
lorahal.init(&rev);
lorahal.standby();
lorahal.loRaModemConfig(LORA_BW_KHZ, sf_at_500KHz, 1);
lorahal.setChannel(CF_HZ);
lorahal.set_tx_dbm(TX_DBM);
// preambleLen, fixLen, crcOn, invIQ
lorahal.loRaPacketConfig(8, false, false, false); // crcOff
lorahal.postcfgreadback();