如何使用CUDA 显卡编程

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-23 14:28:49 发布
最新推荐文章于 2023-04-23 14:28:49 发布
阅读量1.6w 收藏 17
点赞数 5
分类专栏： CUDA
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/duan1522630316/article/details/8222428
版权

第一步  先确定你的显卡 是不是N卡（控制面板     》系统》设备管理器》显示适配器）

第二步    查看你的显卡 在不在 支持的显卡 行列   https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus点击打开链接

第三步   安装（ windows 电脑中 须是 vs2008   vs2005）

CUDA Development Tools   https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads点击打开链接




NVIDIA CUDA Getting Started Guide for Microsoft Windows

Introduction

CUDA™ is a parallel computing platform and programming model invented by NVIDIA. It enables dramatic increases in computing performance by harnessing the power of the graphics processing unit (GPU).

CUDA was developed with several design goals in mind:
  • Provide a small set of extensions to standard programming languages, like C, that enable a straightforward implementation of parallel algorithms. With CUDA C/C++, programmers can focus on the task of parallelization of the algorithms rather than spending time on their implementation.
  • Support heterogeneous computation where applications use both the CPU and GPU. Serial portions of applications are run on the CPU, and parallel portions are offloaded to the GPU. As such, CUDA can be incrementally applied to existing applications. The CPU and GPU are treated as separate devices that have their own memory spaces. This configuration also allows simultaneous computation on the CPU and GPU without contention for memory resources.
CUDA-capable GPUs have hundreds of cores that can collectively run thousands of computing threads. These cores have shared resources including a register file and a shared memory. The on-chip shared memory allows parallel tasks running on these cores to share data without sending it over the system memory bus.

This guide will show you how to install and check the correct operation of the CUDA development tools.

System Requirements

To use CUDA on your system, you will need the following:
  • CUDA-capable GPU
  • Microsoft Windows XP, Vista, 7, or 8 or Windows Server 2003 or 2008
  • NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit (available at no cost from http://www.nvidia.com/content/cuda/cuda-downloads.html)
  • Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 or 2010, or a corresponding version of Microsoft Visual C++ Express

About This Document

This document is intended for readers familiar with Microsoft Windows XP, Microsoft Windows Vista, or Microsoft Windows 7 operating systems and the Microsoft Visual Studio environment. You do not need previous experience with CUDA or experience with parallel computation.

Installing CUDA Development Tools

The installation of CUDA development tools on a system running the appropriate version of Windows consists of a few simple steps:
  • Verify the system has a CUDA-capable GPU.
  • Download the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit.
  • Install the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit.
  • Test that the installed software runs correctly and communicated with the hardware.

Verify You Have a CUDA-Capable GPU

To verify that your GPU is CUDA-capable, open the Control Panel (Start > Control Panel) and double click on System. In the System Properties window that opens, click the Hardware tab, then Device Manager. Expand the Display adapters entry. There you will find the vendor name and model of your graphics card. If it is an NVIDIA card that is listed in http://www.nvidia.com/object/cuda_gpus.html, your GPU is CUDA-capable.

The Release Notes for the CUDA Toolkit also contain a list of supported products.

Download the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit

The NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit is available at http://www.nvidia.com/content/cuda/cuda-downloads.html.

Choose the platform you are using and download the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit

The NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit contains the driver and tools needed to create, build and run a CUDA application as well as libraries, header files, CUDA samples source code, and other resources.

Install the CUDA Software

Before installing the toolkit, you should read the Release Notes, as they provide details on installation and software functionality.

Install the CUDA Toolkit by executing the Toolkit installer and following the on-screen prompts.

Note: The driver and toolkit must be installed for CUDA to function. If you have not installed a stand-alone driver, install the driver from the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit.

You can choose what to install from the following packages:

  1. Note: If you want to install the CUDA Driver for new hardware, and have already installed the CUDA Driver before, you can launch the CUDA Driver installer from the Start Menu under:

    NVIDIA Corporation\CUDA Toolkit\v5.0, or

    NVIDIA Corporation\CUDA Toolkit\v5.0 (64 bit)

    CUDA Driver
    The CUDA Driver installation can be done silently or by using a GUI. A silent installation of the driver is done by enabling that feature when choosing what to install.
    • Silent: Only the display driver will be installed.
    • GUI: A window will appear after the CUDA Toolkit installation if you allowed it at the last dialog with the full driver installation UI. You can choose which features you wish to install.
  2. CUDA Toolkit
    The CUDA Toolkit installation defaults to C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v#.#, where #.# is version number 3.2 or higher. This directory contains the following:
    Bin\
    the compiler executables and runtime libraries
    Include\
    the header files needed to compile CUDA programs
    Lib\
    the library files needed to link CUDA programs
    Doc\
    the CUDA C Programming Guide, CUDA C Best Practices Guide, documentation for the CUDA libraries, and other CUDA Toolkit-related documentation

    Note: CUDA Toolkit versions 3.1 and earlier installed into C:\CUDA by default, requiring prior CUDA Toolkit versions to be uninstalled before the installation of new versions. Beginning with CUDA Toolkit 3.2, multiple CUDA Toolkit versions can be installed simultaneously.

  3. CUDA Samples

    The CUDA Samples contain source code for many example problems and templates with Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 and 2010 projects.

    For Windows XP, the samples can be found here: 
    C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\NVIDIA Corporation\CUDA Samples\v5.0
    For Windows Vista, Windows 7, and Windows Server 2008, the samples can be found here: 
    C:\ProgramData\NVIDIA Corporation\CUDA Samples\v5.0
Note: The NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit installer only installs Visual Studio project templates for toolkit version 5.0 and higher. Installing NVIDIA® Nsight™, Visual Studio Edition will install Visual Studio project templates for toolkit versions earlier than CUDA 5.0.

Verify the Installation

Before continuing, it is important to verify that the CUDA programs can find and communicate correctly with the CUDA-capable hardware. To do this, you need to compile and run some of the included sample programs.

Running the Compiled Examples

The version of the CUDA Toolkit can be checked by running nvcc -V in a Command Prompt window. You can display a Command Prompt window by going to:

Start > All Programs > Accessories > Command Prompt

CUDA Samples include sample programs in both source and compiled form. To verify a correct configuration of the hardware and software, it is highly recommended that you run the deviceQuery program located here:

Windows XP: 
C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\NVIDIA Corporation\CUDA Samples\v5.0\C\bin\win32\Release
Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows Server 2003, and Windows Server 2008: 
C:\ProgramData\NVIDIA Corporation\CUDA Samples\v5.0\C\bin\win32\Release

This assumes that you used the default installation directory structure. (On 64-bit versions of Windows, the directory name ends with \win64\Release.) If CUDA is installed and configured correctly, the output should look similar to Figure 1.

Figure 1. Valid Results from Sample CUDA Device Query Program



The exact appearance and the output lines might be different on your system. The important outcomes are that a device was found, that the device(s) match what is installed in your system, and that the test passed.

If a CUDA-capable device and the CUDA Driver are installed but deviceQuery reports that no CUDA-capable devices are present, ensure the deivce and driver are properly installed.

Running the bandwidthTest program, located in the same directory as deviceQuery above, ensures that the system and the CUDA-capable device are able to communicate correctly. The output should resemble Figure 2.

Figure 2. Valid Results from Sample CUDA Bandwidth Test Program



The device name (second line) and the bandwidth numbers vary from system to system. The important items are the second line, which confirms a CUDA device was found, and the second-to-last line, which confirms that all necessary tests passed.

If the tests do not pass, make sure you do have a CUDA-capable NVIDIA GPU on your system and make sure it is properly installed.

To see a graphical representation of what CUDA can do, run the sample Particles executable in:
  • For Windows XP: 
    c:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\CUDA Samples\v5.0\C\bin\win32\Release
    (or …\win64\Release on 64-bit Windows)
  • For Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows Server 2003, and Windows Server 2008: 
    C:\ProgramData\NVIDIA Corporation\CUDA Samples\v5.0\C\bin\win32\Release
    (or …\win64\Release on 64-bit Windows)

Compiling CUDA Programs

The project files in the CUDA Samples have been designed to provide simple, one-click builds of the programs that include all source code. To build the 32-bit or 64-bit Windows projects (for release or debug mode), use the provided *.sln solution files for Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 or 2010 (and likewise for the corresponding versions of Microsoft Visual C++ Express Edition). You can use either the solution files located in each of the examples directories in 
CUDA Samples\v5.0\C\<category>\<sample_name>
or the global solution files Samples*.sln located in 
CUDA Samples\v5.0\C

CUDA Samples are organized according to <category>. Each sample is organized into one of the following folders: (0_Simple, 1_Utilities, 2_Graphics, 3_Imaging, 4_Finance, 5_Simulations, 6_Advanced, 7_CUDALibraries).

Compiling Sample Projects

The bandwidthTest project is a good sample project to build and run. It is located in the NVIDIA Corporation\CUDA Samples\v5.0\C\1_Utilities\bandwidthTest directory.

The output is placed in CUDA Samples\C\v5.0\bin\win32\Release. (As mentioned previously, the \win32 segment of this address will be \win64 on 64-bit versions of Windows.) This location presumes that you used the default installation directory structure. Build the program using the appropriate solution file and run the executable. If all works correctly, the output should be similar to Figure 2.

Sample Projects

The sample projects come in two configurations: debug and release (where release contains no debugging information).

A few of the example projects require some additional setup. The simpleD3D9 example requires the system to have a Direct3D SDK installed and the Visual C++ directory paths (located in Tools > Options...) properly configured. Consult the Direct3D documentation for additional details.

These sample projects also make use of the $CUDA_PATH environment variable to locate the CUDA Toolkit and a .rules file to locate and configure the nvcc compiler. The environment variable is set automatically and the .rules file is installed automatically as part of the CUDA Toolkit installation process. The .rules file is installed into $VisualStudioInstallDir\VC\VCProjectDefaults. You can reference this .rules file from your Visual Studio project files when building your own CUDA applications.

Build Customizations for New Projects

When creating a new CUDA application, the Visual Studio project file must be configured to include CUDA build customizations. To accomplish this, click File-> New | Project... NVIDIA-> CUDA->, then select a template for your CUDA Toolkit version. For example, selecting the "CUDA 5.0 Runtime" template will configure your project for use with the CUDA 5.0 Toolkit. The new project is technically a C++ project (.vcxproj) that is preconfigured to use NVIDIA's Build Customizations. All standard capabilities of Visual Studio C++ projects will be available.

To specify a custom CUDA Toolkit location, under CUDA C/C++, select Common, and set the CUDA Toolkit Custom Dir field as desired. Note that the selected toolkit must match the version of the Build Customizations.

Build Customizations for Existing Projects

When adding CUDA acceleration to existing applications, the relevant Visual Studio project file must be updated to include CUDA build customizations. For Visual Studio 2010, this can be done using one of the following two methods:
  1. Open the Visual Studio 2010 project, right click on the project name, and select Build Customizations..., then select the CUDA Toolkit version you would like to target.
  2. Alternatively, you can configure your project always to build with the most recently installed version of the CUDA Toolkit. First add a CUDA build customization to your project as above. Then, right click on the project name and select Properties. Under CUDA C/C++, select Common, and set the CUDA Toolkit Custom Dir field to $(CUDA_PATH) .

While Option 2 will allow your project to automatically use any new CUDA Toolkit version you may install in the future, selecting the toolkit version explicitly as in Option 1 is often better in practice, because if there are new CUDA configuration options added to the build customization rules accompanying the newer toolkit, you would not see those new options using Option 2.

Note for advanced users: If you wish to try building your project against a newer CUDA Toolkit without making changes to any of your project files, go to the Visual Studio 2010 command prompt, change the current directory to the location of your project, and execute a command such as the following: 
msbuild <projectname.extension> /t:Rebuild /p:CudaToolkitDir="drive:/path/to/new/toolkit/"

Additional Considerations

Now that you have CUDA-capable hardware and the software installed, you can examine and enjoy the numerous included programs. To begin using CUDA to accelerate the performance of your own applications, consult the CUDA C Programming Guide, located in the CUDA Toolkit documentation directory.

A number of helpful development tools are included in the CUDA Toolkit or are available for download from the NVIDIA Developer Zone to assist you as you develop your CUDA programs, such as NVIDIA® Nsight™ Visual Studio Edition, NVIDIA Visual Profiler, and cuda-memcheck.

For technical support on programming questions, consult and participate in the developer forums at http://developer.nvidia.com/cuda/.

Notices

Notice

ALL NVIDIA DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS, REFERENCE BOARDS, FILES, DRAWINGS, DIAGNOSTICS, LISTS, AND OTHER DOCUMENTS (TOGETHER AND SEPARATELY, "MATERIALS") ARE BEING PROVIDED "AS IS." NVIDIA MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR OTHERWISE WITH RESPECT TO THE MATERIALS, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF NONINFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, NVIDIA Corporation assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information or for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. No license is granted by implication of otherwise under any patent rights of NVIDIA Corporation. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all other information previously supplied. NVIDIA Corporation products are not authorized as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of NVIDIA Corporation.

Trademarks

NVIDIA and the NVIDIA logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of NVIDIA Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. Other company and product names may be trademarks of the respective companies with which they are associated.

xiaoduan2016
关注
  • 5
    点赞
  • 踩
  • 17
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
专栏目录
[1] CUDA介绍及入门
yohnyang的博客
05-21 491
[1] CUDA介绍及入门
北航 CUDA编程 专业课课件
08-29
北航 CUDA编程 专业课课件 CUDA（Compute Unified Device Architecture），是显卡厂商NVIDIA推出的运算平台，CUDA使GPU能够解决复杂的计算问题。所编写出的程序可以在支持CUDA™的处理器上以超高性能运行
cuda 版本和 nvida driver 版本的关系
haima1998的专栏
05-09 7832
转自：https://docs.nvidia.com/deploy/cuda-compatibility/index.html CUDA Compatibility CUDA Compatibility document describes the use of new CUDA toolkit components on systems with older base installatio...
Shader报错：Shader is not supported on this GPU (none of subshaders/fallbacks are suitable)
L的博客
03-26 1万+
一：解决方法一 将Shader中这句限制的代码注释掉即可
【已解决】1227- Access denied； you need (at least one of) the PROCESS privilege(s) for this operation
热门推荐
lh155136的博客
05-24 5万+
再次查看processlist权限（我的依旧没有其他人的权限，之后重新打开数据库连接（我的是重启了navicat才可以的）然后用navicat改变表时就提示了这个错。其实就是缺一个PROCESS的权限（我用root用户创建了一个子用户。给当前用赋值PROCESS的权限。查看processlist权限。
彻底解决CUDA安装，从翻译文档开始_Compiling CUDA Programs
dreamscape9999的博客
10-16 679
前面一番折腾解决了安装问题，懒得再走回头路去记录了，直接从这里开始吧 3.Compiling CUDA Programs（编译CUDA程序） The project files in the CUDA Samples have been designed to provide simple, one-click builds of the programs that include all ...
Android Graphics architecture
kastland的专栏
10-12 2031
Graphics architecture What every developer should know about Surface, SurfaceHolder, EGLSurface, SurfaceView, GLSurfaceView, SurfaceTexture, TextureView, and SurfaceFlinger This document describ
halcon22.11深度学习推理的时候报错7709
机器视觉
04-23 1285
由于是在笔记本上训练，没有gpu，只有cpu，所以需要把运行设置手动修改为cpu。*该过程计算并设置由DLModelHandle和给定GPU给出的基于深度学习的模型的最大batch_size,**由于query_available_dl_devices中使用的过滤器，如果可用，第一个设备是GPU。*详细信息请参见set_dl_model_param()和get_dl_model_param()的文档。对于这个操作，一个合适的GPU和需要提供相应的CUDA库。*使用的线程数量可能会影响训练时长。
MATLAB GPU 加速出错
Ucicorn Gundam的博客
09-04 1465
MATLAB GPU 加速出错
Matlab 警告: The CUDA driver must recompile the GPU libraries because your device is more recent than
qq_43666228的博客
12-22 6676
每次重新打开matlab运行神经网络都会警告，并且重新编译要花费很长时间。网络训练的结果也不对。我的matlab版本是2020a的，cuda是11.3的。 找了很久在mathworks官网找到了答案。 从 R2020b 开始，默认情况下禁用 GPU 设备的向前兼容性。 在 R2020a 和更早版本中，您无法禁用 GPU 设备的向前兼容性。 通过在运行时重新编译设备库，向前兼容性允许您使用具有在您的 MATLAB 版本构建后发布的架构的 GPU 设备。 启用前向兼容性后，CUDA 驱动程序会在您第一次访
ChatGPT这么火，我们能怎么办？
小数志
04-03 6800
今天打开百度，看到这样一条热搜高居榜二：B站UP主发起停更潮，然后点进去了解一看，大体是因为最近AI创作太火，对高质量原创形成了巨大冲击！记得之前看过一位UP主的分享，说B站UP主的年收入大体约等于粉丝体量！B站UP主本来是非常具有吸引力的新星职业，但如今在以ChatGPT为代表的AIGC能力面前，竟遭受如此降维打击，想来也不禁感慨。毫无疑问，ChatGPT注定会成为AI发展史上的一个关键里程碑，...
Verify You Have a CUDA-Capable GPU
chengde6896383的专栏
09-05 985
Verify You Have a CUDA-Capable GPU To verify that your GPU is CUDA-capable, go to your distribution's equivalent of System Properties, or, from the command line, enter: $ lspci | grep -i nvidia If...
CUDA GPU编程指南4.0
06-25
开发人员现在可以使用C语言来为CUDA™架构编写程序，C语言是应用最广泛的一种高级编程语言。所编写出的程序于是就可以在支持CUDA™的处理器上以超高性能运行。 将来还会支持其它语言，包括FORTRAN以及C++。
CUDA编程指南5.0水印版
09-22
CUDA(Compute Unified Device Architecture)，是显卡厂商NVIDIA推出的运算平台。 CUDA™是一种由NVIDIA推出的通用并行计算架构，该架构使GPU能够解决复杂的计算问题。
CUDA开发示例Demo工程
07-01
CUDA（Compute Unified Device Architecture），是显卡厂商NVIDIA...开发者需提前安装CUDA和Cudnn(需结合电脑显卡情况), 然后使用Visual studio打开上述工程文件来进行编译和调试。 Visual studio版本需在2017以上。
cuda.rar_cuda mpi_cuda 教程_cuda 编程 教程
09-14
cuda的教程，cuda是在nvdia的GT80以上显卡支持的Gpu编程的c语言环境
gpu cpu交互_CPU和GPU如何交互以渲染计算机图形？
09-16 1851
gpu cpu交互Your computer’s Central Processing Unit (CPU) and Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) interact every moment you’re using your computer to deliver you a crisp and responsive visual interface. Read ...
Halcon20--C#与Halcon联合编程时深度学习报错问题记录
NCUTer
11-29 1970
1、VS下调用算子分类算子ApplyDIClassifier时，提示“Halcon error#7718: For this operation thecuDNN library needs to be available(see installation guide)”，但是Hdevelop环境下运行没有任何问题。 此时应该是启用了GPU，会调用Cudnn第三方库Q，该报错应该是Cudnn版本的问题。确认下电脑是否安装多个Cudnn版本。最简单的解决办法:将Halcon20安装目录下的第三方库(D:\Ha
双显卡(Intel+Nvidia)笔记本配置cuda开发环境
沧歌
04-04 8048
为了用GPU加速TENSORFLOW，笔者折腾了两天，终于给我的双显卡笔记本安装上了CUDA，期间电脑几次进不了桌面，说实话，我的内心是崩溃的。 尝试了.run文件和直接apt-get安装，最后使用的方法是apt。在此将过程写下来，免得小白入坑。
cuda编程环境配置
最新发布
08-24
对于CUDA编程环境配置，您可以按照以下步骤进行操作： 1. 首先，确保您的计算机上已经安装了NVIDIA显卡，并且该显卡支持CUDA。 2. 下载并安装最新版本的NVIDIA显卡驱动程序。您可以从NVIDIA官方网站上下载适合您显卡型号的驱动程序。 3. 安装CUDA Toolkit。您可以从NVIDIA官方网站上下载适合您操作系统版本的CUDA Toolkit安装包。安装过程中，请根据系统要求选择适当的选项进行配置。 4. 配置环境变量。在系统环境变量中添加CUDA Toolkit的路径，以便编译器和运行时能够找到相关的文件。在Windows系统中，可以在“系统属性 -> 高级系统设置 -> 环境变量”中配置。在Linux系统中，可以编辑bashrc或者profile文件，在其中添加类似于以下的路径设置： ``` export PATH=/usr/local/cuda/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH ``` 5. 验证安装。打开命令行终端（Windows上是命令提示符或PowerShell，Linux上是终端），输入以下命令来验证CUDA是否成功安装： ``` nvcc --version ``` 如果成功安装，将会显示CUDA的版本信息。 至此，您已经完成了CUDA编程环境的配置。您可以使用CUDA编写并运行并行计算的程序了。请注意，为了利用CUDA进行并行计算，您需要使用支持CUDA的编程语言（如C/C++）和相应的开发工具（如CUDA编译器nvcc）。

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么？

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

个

红包个数最小为10个

元

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43元 前往充值 >
需支付：10.00元
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付元
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明：

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币，按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载，可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值