Linux/C++ 获取线程ID

一、Linux 获取线程ID

使用syscall获取lwp，也就是top -H中看到的id，但也要注意syscall造成的的开销：

//实例1
#include <iostream>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
 
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{
     int tid = syscall(SYS_gettid);
     cout << tid <<endl;

     return 0;
}

//实例2
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>   //Linux system call for thread id
#include <assert.h>
#include <pthread.h>
 
void *subThread()
{
    int i;
    printf("child thread lwpid = %u\n", syscall(SYS_gettid));
    printf("child thread tid = %u\n", pthread_self());
    scanf("%d", i);//code dump
}

int main()
{
    pthread_t tid;
    
    int rc;
    printf("main thread lwpid = %u\n", syscall(SYS_gettid));
    printf("main thread tid = %u\n", pthread_self());
    
    rc = pthread_create(&tid, NULL, subThread, NULL);
    assert(0 == rc);
    pthread_join(tid, NULL);
 
    return 0;
}

注：syscall(SYS_gettid)，这个方法所获取的lwpid，正是在top中显示出来的 PID。

二、Windows 获取线程ID

c++11的thread库提供了获取tid的接口：std::this_thread::get_id(),这个接口返回的是一个内存地址指向表述线程的结构体（pthread也是一样）。

//实例1
#include <iostream>
#include <thread>   // get_id()头文件,std::thread, std::thread::id, std::this_thread::get_id

#include <chrono>   // std::chrono::seconds

#include <mutex>
 
std::mutex g_display_mutex;
 
void foo()
{
    std::thread::id sTheadId = std::this_thread::get_id(); //无参数，返回当前线程ID
 
    g_display_mutex.lock();
    std::cout << "thread " << sTheadId << " sleeping...\n";
    g_display_mutex.unlock();
 
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
}
 
int main()
{
    std::thread t1(foo);
    std::thread t2(foo);
 
    t1.join();
    t2.join();
}

C++获取线程ID的两种方式
1、获取当前线程的线程ID
2、获取声明的线程变量的线程ID（特定线程）

//实例2
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <windows.h>
using namespace std;

void hello()
{
    Sleep(2000);
    cout << "hello world!" << endl;
}

int main()
{
    thread t(hello);
    thread::id thread_id = t.get_id();	// 获取特定线程的id
    thread::id this_thread_id = this_thread::get_id(); //获取本线程的id(无参数，返回当前线程ID)


    cout << "thread id = " << thread_id << endl;
    cout << "this thread id = " << this_thread_id << endl;

    t.join();
    
    return 0;
}

参考链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43869898/article/details/107456236