栈的概念及结构
栈的实现
结构选择
分析一下,用哪种结构实现较好?顺序表 or 链表
这么我用的顺序表
代码实现
Stack.h
#pragma once
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef int STDataType;
typedef struct Stack
{
STDataType* a;
int top;
int capacity;
}ST;
void StackInit(ST* ps);
void StackDestory(ST* ps);
// 入栈
void StackPush(ST* ps, STDataType x);
// 出栈
void StackPop(ST* ps);
STDataType StackTop(ST* ps);
int StackSize(ST* ps);
bool StackEmpty(ST* ps);
Stack.c
初始化
#include "Stack.h"
void StackInit(ST* ps)
{
assert(ps);
ps->a = (STDataType*)malloc(sizeof(STDataType) * 4);
if (ps->a == NULL)
{
printf("malloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
ps->capacity = 4;
ps->top = 0;
}
销毁
void StackDestory(ST* ps)
{
assert(ps);
free(ps->a);
ps->a = NULL;
ps->top = ps->capacity = 0;
}
入栈
void StackPush(ST* ps, STDataType x)
{
assert(ps);
// 满了-》增容
if (ps->top == ps->capacity)
{
STDataType* tmp = (STDataType*)realloc(ps->a, ps->capacity * 2 * sizeof(STDataType));
if (tmp == NULL)
{
printf("realloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
else
{
ps->a = tmp;
ps->capacity *= 2;
}
}
ps->a[ps->top] = x;
ps->top++;
}
入栈成功,栈顶为3
出栈
void StackPop(ST* ps)
{
assert(ps);
// 栈空了,调用Pop,直接中止程序报错
assert(ps->top > 0);
//ps->a[ps->top - 1] = 0;
ps->top--;
}
3出栈成功,栈顶元素为2
栈顶元素
STDataType StackTop(ST* ps)
{
assert(ps);
// 栈空了,调用Top,直接中止程序报错
assert(ps->top > 0);
return ps->a[ps->top - 1];
}
栈的大小
int StackSize(ST* ps)
{
assert(ps);
return ps->top;
}
判空
bool StackEmpty(ST* ps)
{
assert(ps);
return ps->top == 0;
}
清空成功,所有元素全部出栈
测试代码
test.c
#include "Stack.h"
void TestStack()
{
ST st;
StackInit(&st);
StackPush(&st, 1);
StackPush(&st, 2);
StackPush(&st, 3);
printf("%d ", StackTop(&st));
StackPop(&st);
printf("%d ", StackTop(&st));
StackPop(&st);
StackPush(&st, 4);
StackPush(&st, 5);
while (!StackEmpty(&st))
{
printf("%d ", StackTop(&st));
StackPop(&st);
}
printf("\n");
StackDestory(&st);
}
int main()
{
TestStack();
return 0;
}