函数重载和默认参数都给函数调用提供了方便
//: C07:Mem.h
// From Thinking in C++, 2nd Edition
// Available at http://www.BruceEckel.com
// (c) Bruce Eckel 2000
// Copyright notice in Copyright.txt
#ifndef MEM_H
#define MEM_H
typedef unsigned char byte;
class Mem {
byte* mem;
int size;
void ensureMinSize(int minSize);
public:
Mem();
Mem(int sz);
~Mem();
int msize();
byte* pointer();
byte* pointer(int minSize);
};
#endif // MEM_H ///:~
自动管理内存块
Mem对象包括一个byte块 确保有足够的存储空间
默认的构造函数不分配任何的空间
第二个构造函数确保Mem对象中有sz大小的存储区,析构函数释放空间
//: C07:Mem.cpp {O}
// From Thinking in C++, 2nd Edition
// Available at http://www.BruceEckel.com
// (c) Bruce Eckel 2000
// Copyright notice in Copyright.txt
#include "Mem.h"
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
Mem::Mem() { mem = 0; size = 0; }
Mem::Mem(int sz) {
mem = 0;
size = 0;
ensureMinSize(sz);
}
Mem::~Mem() { delete []mem; }
int Mem::msize() { return size; }
void Mem::ensureMinSize(int minSize) {
if(size < minSize) {
byte* newmem = new byte[minSize];
memset(newmem + size, 0, minSize - size);
memcpy(newmem, mem, size);
delete []mem;
mem = newmem;
size = minSize;
}
}
byte* Mem::pointer() { return mem; }
byte* Mem::pointer(int minSize) {
ensureMinSize(minSize);
return mem;
} ///:~
使用标准C语言库函数memset()把新分配的内存置0
标准C语言库函数memcpy(),存在mem中拷贝到newmem中,最后删除旧的内存,
把新的内存和大小赋给适当的成员
//: C07:MemTest.cpp
// From Thinking in C++, 2nd Edition
// Available at http://www.BruceEckel.com
// (c) Bruce Eckel 2000
// Copyright notice in Copyright.txt
// Testing the Mem class
//{L} Mem
#include "Mem.h"
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class MyString {
Mem* buf;
public:
MyString();
MyString(char* str);
~MyString();
void concat(char* str);
void print(ostream& os);
};
MyString::MyString() { buf = 0; }
MyString::MyString(char* str) {
buf = new Mem(strlen(str) + 1);
strcpy((char*)buf->pointer(), str);
}
void MyString::concat(char* str) {
if(!buf) buf = new Mem;
strcat((char*)buf->pointer(
buf->msize() + strlen(str) + 1), str);
}
void MyString::print(ostream& os) {
if(!buf) return;
os << buf->pointer() << endl;
}
MyString::~MyString() { delete buf; }
int main() {
MyString s("My test string");
s.print(cout);
s.concat(" some additional stuff");
s.print(cout);
MyString s2;
s2.concat("Using default constructor");
s2.print(cout);
getchar();
} ///:~
简化内存管理
创建了一个简单的string类
创建一个MyString,连接文本,打印输出到一个ostream中
输出
My test string
My test string some additional stuff
Using default constructor