R语言学习-基础概念-向量索引

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-11 09:33:04 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-11 09:33:04 发布

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分类专栏： R 文章标签：学习 r语言开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/fgdfgfss/article/details/129911739

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下标索引，与python不同，从“1”开始

x <- c(1:100)
x
  [1]   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18
 [19]  19  20  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29  30  31  32  33  34  35  36
 [37]  37  38  39  40  41  42  43  44  45  46  47  48  49  50  51  52  53  54
 [55]  55  56  57  58  59  60  61  62  63  64  65  66  67  68  69  70  71  72
 [73]  73  74  75  76  77  78  79  80  81  82  83  84  85  86  87  88  89  90
 [91]  91  92  93  94  95  96  97  98  99 100
length(x)    #获取长度
[1] 100
x[1]    #下标索引
[1] 1
x[-19]    #删除第19个数字
 [1]   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18
[19]  20  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29  30  31  32  33  34  35  36  37
[37]  38  39  40  41  42  43  44  45  46  47  48  49  50  51  52  53  54  55
[55]  56  57  58  59  60  61  62  63  64  65  66  67  68  69  70  71  72  73
[73]  74  75  76  77  78  79  80  81  82  83  84  85  86  87  88  89  90  91
[91]  92  93  94  95  96  97  98  99 100
x[c(4:18)]
 [1]  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

y <- c(1:10)
y[c(T,F,T,T,F,F,T,T,T,F)]
[1] 1 3 4 7 8 9
y[c(T,F,T,T,F,F,T,T,T,F,T)]
[1]  1  3  4  7  8  9 NA   #缺失数据
y[c(T)]
 [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
y[(F)]
integer(0)
y[c(T,F)]      “T”“F”在向量中循环使用
[1] 1 3 5 7 9

y[y>5]
[1]  6  7  8  9 10
y[y>5 & y<9]
[1] 6 7 8

字符串向量

z <- c("one","two","three","four","five")
z
[1] "one"   "two"   "three" "four"  "five" 
"one" %in% z
[1] TRUE
z["one" %in% z]    #相当于z[T]
[1] "one"   "two"   "three" "four"  "five" 
z %in% c("one","two")
[1]  TRUE  TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE
z[z %in% c("one","two")]    #套娃而已
[1] "one" "two"

利用元素名称访问

names(y) <- c("one","two","three","four","five","six","seven","eight","nine","ten")
y
  one   two three  four  five   six seven eight  nine   ten 
    1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9    10

添加向量

x <- c(1:100)
x
  [1]   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20
 [21]  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29  30  31  32  33  34  35  36  37  38  39  40
 [41]  41  42  43  44  45  46  47  48  49  50  51  52  53  54  55  56  57  58  59  60
 [61]  61  62  63  64  65  66  67  68  69  70  71  72  73  74  75  76  77  78  79  80
 [81]  81  82  83  84  85  86  87  88  89  90  91  92  93  94  95  96  97  98  99 100
x[101] <- 101    #末尾添加数据
x
  [1]   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20
 [21]  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29  30  31  32  33  34  35  36  37  38  39  40
 [41]  41  42  43  44  45  46  47  48  49  50  51  52  53  54  55  56  57  58  59  60
 [61]  61  62  63  64  65  66  67  68  69  70  71  72  73  74  75  76  77  78  79  80
 [81]  81  82  83  84  85  86  87  88  89  90  91  92  93  94  95  96  97  98  99 100
[101] 101

v <- 1:3
v[c(4,5,6)] <- c(4,5,6)
v
[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6
v[20] <- 4
v
 [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA  4
append(x = v,values =99,after = 5)   #插入数据，将“99”插入到第5个数之后
 [1]  1  2  3  4  5 99  6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA  4

删除向量

rm(v)    #删除整个函数


y <- c(1:10)    #删除向量内部分元素
names(y) <- c("one","two","three","four","five","six","seven","eight","nine","ten")
y
  one   two three  four  five   six seven eight  nine   ten 
    1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9    10 
y[-c(1:3)]
 four  five   six seven eight  nine   ten 
    4     5     6     7     8     9    10 
y <- y[-c(1:3)]
y
 four  five   six seven eight  nine   ten 
    4     5     6     7     8     9    10

修改向量

y["four"] <- 100
y
 four  five   six seven eight  nine   ten 
  100     5     6     7     8     9    10 
y[3] <- 76
y
 four  five   six seven eight  nine   ten 
  100     5    76     7     8     9    10