python代码（热力图、轮廓图、散点图、气泡图）

（1）热力图

#coding=gbk
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 生成随机数据作为热力图的值
data = np.loadtxt('nor.txt')/75

# 绘制热力图
#RdYlBu  coolwarm  Purples Greens Oranges Reds YlOrBr
#OrRd RdPu BuPu GnBu

plt.imshow(data, cmap='viridis', interpolation='nearest')



# 添加颜色标尺
plt.colorbar()

# 设置横轴和纵轴标签
plt.xlabel('ROI')
plt.ylabel('ROI')

# 设置标题
# plt.title('Heatmap')

# 显示图形
# plt.show()
plt.savefig('nor.pdf', format='pdf', bbox_inches='tight')

（2）轮廓图

# coding=gbk
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

data = np.loadtxt('pat.txt') / 75

min_value = np.amin(data)
max_value = np.amax(data)

# 绘制热力图
# RdYlBu  coolwarm  Purples Greens Oranges Reds YlOrBr
# OrRd RdPu BuPu GnBu



plt.contourf(data, levels=3, cmap='Oranges')

# 添加颜色标尺
plt.colorbar()

# 设置横轴和纵轴标签
plt.xlabel('ROI')
plt.ylabel('ROI')

# 设置标题
# plt.title('Heatmap')

# 显示图形
plt.show()
# plt.savefig('pat.pdf', format='pdf', bbox_inches='tight')

（3）散点图

# coding=gbk
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


sparse_matrix = np.loadtxt('nor.txt') / 75

# 获取非零元素的索引
nonzero_indices = np.nonzero(sparse_matrix)

# 绘制散点图
plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
plt.scatter(nonzero_indices[0], nonzero_indices[1], c=sparse_matrix[nonzero_indices], cmap='viridis')

plt.colorbar(label='Values')
plt.title('Scatter Plot of Sparse Matrix')
plt.xlabel('Row Index')
plt.ylabel('Column Index')
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()

（4）气泡图

# coding=gbk
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


matrix = np.loadtxt('nor.txt') / 75
# 获取非零元素的索引和值
non_zero_indices = np.nonzero(matrix)
non_zero_values = matrix[non_zero_indices]

plt.scatter(non_zero_indices[1], non_zero_indices[0], s=non_zero_values*100, alpha=0.5,c=matrix[non_zero_indices], cmap='viridis')
plt.colorbar(label='Value')
plt.title('Bubble Plot of Sparse Matrix')
plt.xlabel('Column')
plt.ylabel('Row')
plt.show()

4.自定义颜色

from matplotlib.colors import LinearSegmentedColormap
colorDen=255
colors = [(0/colorDen, 0/colorDen, 225/colorDen),(242/colorDen, 186/colorDen, 2/colorDen)]
cmap_custom = LinearSegmentedColormap.from_list("custom_cmap", colors)
plt.scatter(...，cmap=cmap_custom)