1.什么是数据封装
将client视为一个对象,他有初始化,登录,登出等属性功能。
将client写成一个类,这个类中的每一个函数都实现一个功能。
就是封装client
以后外部使用client,只需要调用client类创建对象就可以了。
EasyTCPClient.hpp
/*用封装的形式,将客户端封装起来*/
//防止重编译
#ifndef _EasyTcpClient_hpp_
#define _EasyTcpClient_hpp_
//inet_addr
#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS
#ifdef _WIN32
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include<Windows.h>
#include<WinSock2.h>
//链接了ws2_32这个库
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
#else
#include<unistad.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<string.h>
#endif // _WIN32
#include"MessageHeader.hpp"
#include<iostream>
class EasyTcpClient
{
SOCKET _sock;
public:
EasyTcpClient()
{
_sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
}
//虚析构函数
virtual ~EasyTcpClient()
{
Close();
}
//初始化Socket
int initSocket()
{
#ifdef _WIN32
//启动Win Sock 2.x环境
WORD ver = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
WSADATA dat;
WSAStartup(ver, &dat);
#endif // _WIN32
//1.建立一个Socket
if (INVALID_SOCKET != _sock) {
printf("socket=%d关闭了旧链接\n",_sock);
Close();
}
_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (INVALID_SOCKET == _sock)
{
printf("错误,建立socket失败。。\n");
return -1;
}
else
{
printf("建立socket成功\n");
return 1;
}
}
//链接服务器
int Connect(const char *ip, unsigned short port)
{
if (INVALID_SOCKET == _sock) {
initSocket();
}
//2.连接服务器
sockaddr_in _sin = {};
_sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
_sin.sin_port = htons(4567);
#ifdef _WIN32
_sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr(ip);
#else
_sin.sin_addr.S_addr = inet_addr(ip);
#endif // _WIN32
int ret = connect(_sock, (sockaddr*)&_sin, sizeof(sockaddr_in));
if (SOCKET_ERROR == ret)
{
printf("错误,连接服务器失败。\n");
}
else
{
printf("连接服务器成功。。。\n");
}
return ret;
}
//关闭Socket
void Close()
{
//关闭Win Sock 2.x环境
if (_sock != INVALID_SOCKET)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
closesocket(_sock);
WSACleanup();
#else
close(_sock);
#endif // _WIN32
_sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
}
}
//处理网络消息
bool onRun()
{
if (isRun())
{
fd_set fdReads;
FD_ZERO(&fdReads);
FD_SET(_sock, &fdReads);
timeval t = { 1,0 };
int ret = select(_sock + 1, &fdReads, 0, 0, &t);
if (ret < 0)
{
printf("<socket=%d>Select 任务结束\n", _sock);
return false;
}
if (FD_ISSET(_sock, &fdReads))
{
FD_CLR(_sock, &fdReads);
if (-1 == RecvData(_sock))
{
printf("<socket=%d>selesct任务结束\n", _sock);
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
}
//判断是否运行
bool isRun()
{
return _sock != INVALID_SOCKET;
}
//处理进程的函数
int RecvData(SOCKET _serverSock) {
//第一次接受一个缓冲数据,设置缓冲区大小
char szRecv[1024] = {};
//5.接收客户端数据
//第一次收了header的数据包,只剩下CMD的数据长度,指针移动到数据包包体位置
int nLen = recv(_serverSock, szRecv, sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
DataHeader* header = (DataHeader*)szRecv;
if (nLen <= 0)
{
printf("与服务器断开连接。\n", _serverSock);
return -1;
}
printf("收到命令:%d ,数据长度:%d\n", header->cmd, header->dataLength);
//6.处理请求
//拆分包
//从_serverSock缓冲区,接收DataHeader后的数据,接收的数据长度为数据包-包头的长度
recv(_serverSock, szRecv + sizeof(DataHeader), header->dataLength - sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
OnNetMsg(header);
return 0;
}
//收数据:处理粘包,拆分包
void OnNetMsg(DataHeader* header)
{
switch (header->cmd)
{
case CMD_LOGIN_RESULT:
{
//因为都是login,logout都是header的子类所以可以相互转化
LoginResult* login = (LoginResult*)header;
printf("收到服务器消息:CMD_LOGIN_RESULT,数据长度:%d\n", login->dataLength);
}
break;
case CMD_LOGOUT:
{
LogoutResult* logoutret = (LogoutResult*)header;
printf("收到服务端返回消息:CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT,数据长度:%d\n", logoutret->dataLength);
}
break;
case CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN:
{
NewUserJoin* newuser = (NewUserJoin*)header;
printf("新的SOCKET:%d 加入进服务器\n", newuser->sock);
}
break;
//定义默认的错误信息
}
}
//发送数据
int SendData(DataHeader* header)
{
//isRun is bool && header 是不是为空
if (isRun() && header)
{ //int _stdcall send() _stdcall意思为从右往左压入栈(0-》header->dataLength->header->_sock)
return send(_sock, (const char*)header, header->dataLength, 0);
}
return SOCKET_ERROR;
}
private:
};
#endif
MessageHeader.hpp
//用来存放消息结构
//传输的数据结构,最简单的数据包
//每个函数的类型必须一样,而且在客户端和服务端传输和接收顺序一致,也就是内存对齐
//long类型的在64位编译器下就是64位,而32位编译器下就是32位,
//所以需要考虑平台和系统,关注是否内存对齐
enum CMD
{
CMD_LOGIN,
CMD_LOGIN_RESULT,
CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT,
CMD_LOGOUT,
CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN,
CMD_ERROR
};
//消息结构体
struct DataHeader {
short dataLength;//数据长度
short cmd;//命令:接收的命令,服务器处理后反馈数据。
};
//定义登录的数据结构
//使用继承方式,是报文更完整,不容易出错,也不用每次单独定义dataheader
struct Login :public DataHeader {
Login()
{
dataLength = sizeof(Login);
cmd = CMD_LOGIN;
}
char userName[32];
char PassWord[32];
};
struct LoginResult :public DataHeader {
LoginResult()
{
dataLength = sizeof(LoginResult);
cmd = CMD_LOGIN_RESULT;
}
int result;
};
struct LogoutResult :public DataHeader {
LogoutResult()
{
dataLength = sizeof(LogoutResult);
cmd = CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT;
}
int result;
};
struct NewUserJoin :public DataHeader {
NewUserJoin()
{
dataLength = sizeof(NewUserJoin);
cmd = CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN;
sock = 0;
}
int sock;
};
struct Logout :public DataHeader {
Logout()
{
dataLength = sizeof(Logout);
cmd = CMD_LOGOUT;
}
char userName[32];
};
Clinet.cpp
#include "EasyTcpClient.hpp"
#include<thread>
//Thread can input the command
//windows 下可以穿easytcpclient 的引用,其他的不行
void cmdThread(EasyTcpClient* client)
{
while (true)
{
char cmdBuf[256] = {};
std::cin >> cmdBuf;
if (0 == strcmp(cmdBuf, "exit"))
{
client->Close();
printf("Exit the thread\n");
break;
}
else if (0 == strcmp(cmdBuf, "login"))
{
Login login;
strcpy_s(login.userName, "李逵");
strcpy_s(login.PassWord, "110");
client->SendData(&login);
}
else if(0==strcmp(cmdBuf,"logout"))
{
Logout logout;
strcpy_s(logout.userName, "李逵");
//因为logout是继承header的结构体,所以发送header也可以发送logout
client->SendData(&logout);
}
else
{
printf("The command is not supported!\n");
}
}
}
int main()
{
EasyTcpClient client;
//start up the thread
//client.initSocket();
client.Connect("127.0.0.1",4567);
EasyTcpClient client2;
//client2.initSocket();
client2.Connect("127.0.0.1",4000);
std::thread t1(cmdThread, &client);
t1.detach();
std::thread t2(cmdThread, &client2);
t2.detach();
while (client.isRun()||client2.isRun())
{
client.onRun();
client2.onRun();
}
client.Close();
client2.Close();
printf("已退出\n");
getchar();
return 0;
}