The difference between pointers and references(指针和引用的区别)

From the low-level perspective, inferences are implemented using pointers.
1. quoting never creates space but pointers do
2. references must be initialized, whereas the pointer doesn't need to.
3. The reference must be initialized with an entity at the beginning, and can not reference other  types, but pointers can switch objects freely
4.No NULL reference, but there is a NULL pointer.
5. in sizeof, a reference is the size of a reference type, but a pointer is the size of the address type.
6. There are multiple levels of pointers but there are no numerous  levels of the references
7. The pointer needs to be dereferenced, but the references can be used directly
8. using references is more secure  than  using pointers