stb_image库加载图片函数研究

目录

1.stbi__start_mem

1.1stbi_load_16_from_memory（）

1.2stbi_load_from_memory（）

1.3stbi_loadf_from_memory

2.stbi_load_and_postprocess_8bit()

2.1stbi_load_from_file()

2.2stbi_load_from_memory()

3.stbi__start_file

3.1stbi_load_from_file()

4.stbi_load

---

一个简单易用的图像库：stb_image 。Github 地址为：https://github.com/nothings/stb ，目前已经有了 9600+ Star 。它的使用非常简单，看看 README 可能你就会了。

1.stbi__start_mem

源代码：

// initialize a memory-decode context
static void stbi__start_mem(stbi__context *s, stbi_uc const *buffer, int len)
{
   s->io.read = NULL;
   s->read_from_callbacks = 0;
   s->img_buffer = s->img_buffer_original = (stbi_uc *) buffer;
   s->img_buffer_end = s->img_buffer_original_end = (stbi_uc *) buffer+len;
}

该函数的功能：初始化内存上下文。

1.1stbi_load_16_from_memory（）

STBIDEF stbi_us *stbi_load_16_from_memory(stbi_uc const *buffer, int len, int *x, int *y, int *channels_in_file, int desired_channels)
{
   stbi__context s;
   stbi__start_mem(&s,buffer,len);
   return stbi__load_and_postprocess_16bit(&s,x,y,channels_in_file,desired_channels);
}

1.2stbi_load_from_memory（）

STBIDEF stbi_uc *stbi_load_from_memory(stbi_uc const *buffer, int len, int *x, int *y, int *comp, int req_comp)
{
   stbi__context s;
   stbi__start_mem(&s,buffer,len);
   return stbi__load_and_postprocess_8bit(&s,x,y,comp,req_comp);
}

1.3stbi_loadf_from_memory

STBIDEF float *stbi_loadf_from_memory(stbi_uc const *buffer, int len, int *x, int *y, int *comp, int req_comp)
{
   stbi__context s;
   stbi__start_mem(&s,buffer,len);
   return stbi__loadf_main(&s,x,y,comp,req_comp);
}

2.stbi_load_and_postprocess_8bit()

static unsigned char *stbi__load_and_postprocess_8bit(stbi__context *s, int *x, int *y, int *comp, int req_comp)
{
   stbi__result_info ri;
   void *result = stbi__load_main(s, x, y, comp, req_comp, &ri, 8);

   if (result == NULL)
      return NULL;

   if (ri.bits_per_channel != 8) {
      STBI_ASSERT(ri.bits_per_channel == 16);
      result = stbi__convert_16_to_8((stbi__uint16 *) result, *x, *y, req_comp == 0 ? *comp : req_comp);
      ri.bits_per_channel = 8;
   }
// @TODO: move stbi__convert_format to here

   if (stbi__vertically_flip_on_load) {
      int channels = req_comp ? req_comp : *comp;
      stbi__vertical_flip(result, *x, *y, channels * sizeof(stbi_uc));
   }

   return (unsigned char *) result;
}

2.1stbi_load_from_file()

STBIDEF stbi_uc *stbi_load_from_file(FILE *f, int *x, int *y, int *comp, int req_comp)
{
   unsigned char *result;
   stbi__context s;
   stbi__start_file(&s,f);
   result = stbi__load_and_postprocess_8bit(&s,x,y,comp,req_comp);
   if (result) {
      // need to 'unget' all the characters in the IO buffer
      fseek(f, - (int) (s.img_buffer_end - s.img_buffer), SEEK_CUR);
   }
   return result;
}

2.2stbi_load_from_memory()

见1.3

3.stbi__start_file

static void stbi__start_file(stbi__context *s, FILE *f)
{
   stbi__start_callbacks(s, &stbi__stdio_callbacks, (void *) f);
}

stbi__start_callbacks：

// initialize a callback-based context
static void stbi__start_callbacks(stbi__context *s, stbi_io_callbacks *c, void *user)
{
   s->io = *c;
   s->io_user_data = user;
   s->buflen = sizeof(s->buffer_start);
   s->read_from_callbacks = 1;
   s->img_buffer_original = s->buffer_start;
   stbi__refill_buffer(s);
   s->img_buffer_original_end = s->img_buffer_end;
}

3.1stbi_load_from_file()

见2.1

4.stbi_load

STBIDEF stbi_uc *stbi_load(char const *filename, int *x, int *y, int *comp, int req_comp)
{
   FILE *f = stbi__fopen(filename, "rb");
   unsigned char *result;
   if (!f) return stbi__errpuc("can't fopen", "Unable to open file");
   result = stbi_load_from_file(f,x,y,comp,req_comp);
   fclose(f);
   return result;
}

该函数是darknet框架中load_image_stb（）中调用的函数，给定文件名。调用流程如下：

1).load_image_color中调用load_image()

image load_image_color(char *filename, int w, int h)
{
    return load_image(filename, w, h, 3);
}

2).load_image中调用load_image_std()我们看到参数c=3

image load_image(char *filename, int w, int h, int c)
{
#ifdef OPENCV
    //image out = load_image_stb(filename, c);
    image out = load_image_cv(filename, c);
#else
    image out = load_image_stb(filename, c);    // without OpenCV
#endif  // OPENCV

3).load_image_std()中调用stbi_load(),从1）和2）可以看出，channels=3

image load_image_stb(char *filename, int channels)
{
    int w, h, c;
    unsigned char *data = stbi_load(filename, &w, &h, &c, channels);

4.从stbi_load（）函数代码可以看出，x，y,comp是需要传出的宽，高和通道，

STBIDEF stbi_uc *stbi_load(char const *filename, int *x, int *y, int *comp, int req_comp)
{
   FILE *f = stbi__fopen(filename, "rb");
   unsigned char *result;
   if (!f) return stbi__errpuc("can't fopen", "Unable to open file");
   result = stbi_load_from_file(f,x,y,comp,req_comp);
   fclose(f);
   return result;
}

darknet改成从内存中读取图片，可以将stbi_load_form_file（）改成stbi_load_from_memory()

对比stbi_load_from_file()（见2.1）和stbi_load_from_memory()（见1.3）函数，后面四个参数都相同，唯一不同的是第一个参数：

stbi_load_from_memory()函数的第一个参数为：

stbi_uc const *buffer

stbi_uc本质上实际上是一个unsigned char类型，其定义如下：

typedef unsigned char stbi_uc;

也就是说直接传入内存中图片地址就可以了，比从从文件流中加载图片更加简单。

但是有个前提，就是传给stbi_load_from_memory的内存的图片数据存储格式因给同stbi_load_from_file读进来的一样才行，否则分类结果难以想象。