C++ Primer Plus 代码学习解析（第四章 4.11-4.13）

4.11 structur.cpp

#include <iostream>
struct inflatable   // structure declaration
{
    char name[20];
    float volume;
    double price;
};

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    inflatable guest =
    {
        "Glorious Gloria",  // name value
        1.88,               // volume value
        29.99               // price value
    };  // guest is a structure variable of type inflatable
    // It's initialized to the indicated values
    inflatable pal =
    {
        "Audacious Arthur",
        3.12,
        32.99
    };  // pal is a second variable of type inflatable
    // NOTE: some implementations require using
    // static inflatable guest =

    cout << "Expand your guest list with " << guest.name;
    cout << " and " << pal.name << "!\n";
    // pal.name is the name member of the pal variable
    cout << "You can have both for $";
    cout << guest.price + pal.price << "!\n";
    // cin.get();
    return 0;
}

1. 本代码主要介绍了c++结构体的一些应用，不难看出，其应用方法与c语言别无二致

4.12 assgn_st.cpp

#include <iostream>
struct inflatable
{
    char name[20];
    float volume;
    double price;
};
int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    inflatable bouquet =
    {
        "sunflowers",
        0.20,
        12.49
    };
    inflatable choice;
    cout << "bouquet: " << bouquet.name << " for $";
    cout << bouquet.price << endl;

    choice = bouquet;  // assign one structure to another
    cout << "choice: " << choice.name << " for $";
    cout << choice.price << endl;
    // cin.get();
    return 0;
}

1. 该代码演示了c++结构体的一个特性，即一个结构体可以直接用等号赋值给另外一个结构体
2. 赋值后两者成员及成员变量都相同

4.13 arrstruc.cpp

#include <iostream>
struct inflatable
{
    char name[20];
    float volume;
    double price;
};
int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    inflatable guests[2] =          // initializing an array of structs
    {
        {"Bambi", 0.5, 21.99},      // first structure in array
        {"Godzilla", 2000, 565.99}  // next structure in array
    };

    cout << "The guests " << guests[0].name << " and " << guests[1].name
         << "\nhave a combined volume of "
         << guests[0].volume + guests[1].volume << " cubic feet.\n";
    // cin.get();
    return 0; 
}

1. 本代码介绍了结构数组这一特性的应用
2. 首先结构数组本身是一个数组，其中每个元素都是一个结构体
3. 所以在选出某一元素时，应先指出某一个数组元素，再用.指出其中的元素