C++ Primer Plus 代码学习解析（第六章 6.9-6.12）

6.9 condit.cpp

#include <iostream>
int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    int a, b;
    cout << "Enter two integers: ";
    cin >> a >> b;
    cout << "The larger of " << a << " and " << b;
    int c = a > b ? a : b;   // c = a if a > b, else c = b
    cout << " is " << c << endl;
    // cin.get();
    // cin.get();
	return 0; 
}

1. 该代码展示了三目运算符的使用

2. 首先是代码cin >> a >> b，输入ab两个值，先a后b

3. a>b?a:b 判断a是否大于b，如果a大于b 则把a的值赋给c，如果a小于b 则把b的值赋给c

6.10 switch.cpp

// switch.cpp -- using the switch statement
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void showmenu();   // function prototypes
void report();
void comfort();
int main()
{
    showmenu();
    int choice;
    cin >> choice;
    while (choice != 5)
    {
        switch(choice)
        {
            case 1  :   cout << "\a\n";
                        break;
            case 2  :   report();
                        break;
            case 3  :   cout << "The boss was in all day.\n";
                        break;
            case 4  :   comfort();
                        break;
            default :   cout << "That's not a choice.\n";
        }
        showmenu();
        cin >> choice;
    }
    cout << "Bye!\n";
    // cin.get();
    // cin.get();
    return 0;
}

void showmenu()
{
    cout << "Please enter 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5:\n"
            "1) alarm           2) report\n"
            "3) alibi           4) comfort\n"
            "5) quit\n";
}
void report()
{
    cout << "It's been an excellent week for business.\n"
        "Sales are up 120%. Expenses are down 35%.\n";
}
void comfort()
{
    cout << "Your employees think you are the finest CEO\n"
        "in the industry. The board of directors think\n"
        "you are the finest CEO in the industry.\n";
}

1. 该代码讲解了c++中switch的使用方法，与c语言相同，用于从列表中进行选择
2. 首先是while循环起手，输入5则结束，输入1-4则进入不同的case
3. 其他的值则直接default

6.11 enum.cpp

#include <iostream>
// create named constants for 0 - 6
enum {red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, indigo};

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    cout << "Enter color code (0-6): ";
    int code;
    cin >> code;
    while (code >= red && code <= indigo)
    {
        switch (code)
        {
            case red     : cout << "Her lips were red.\n"; break;
            case orange  : cout << "Her hair was orange.\n"; break;
            case yellow  : cout << "Her shoes were yellow.\n"; break;
            case green   : cout << "Her nails were green.\n"; break;
            case blue    : cout << "Her sweatsuit was blue.\n"; break;
            case violet  : cout << "Her eyes were violet.\n"; break;
            case indigo  : cout << "Her mood was indigo.\n"; break;
        }
        cout << "Enter color code (0-6): ";
        cin >> code;
    }
    cout << "Bye\n";
    // cin.get();
    // cin.get();
    return 0; 
}

1. 该代码展现了将枚举量作为标签
2. 首先使用enum定义一组相关的常量，然后在switch语句中使用这些常量
3. 输入一个整数，在while循环测试条件中，将枚举量提升为int类型
4. switch中将int值和枚举量进行比较时，也将枚举量提升为int

6.12 jump.cpp

#include <iostream>
const int ArSize = 80;
int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    char line[ArSize];
    int spaces = 0; 

    cout << "Enter a line of text:\n";
    cin.get(line, ArSize);
    cout << "Complete line:\n" << line << endl;
    cout << "Line through first period:\n";
    for (int i = 0; line[i] != '\0'; i++)
    {
        cout << line[i];    // display character
        if (line[i] == '.') // quit if it's a period
            break;
        if (line[i] != ' ') // skip rest of loop
            continue;
        spaces++;
    }
    cout << "\n" << spaces << " spaces\n";
    cout << "Done.\n";
    // cin.get();
    // cin.get();
    return 0;
}

1. 该代码展示了continue和break的异同
2. 首先cin.get(name,ArSize)也是面向行的输入，该函数不是丢弃换行符，而是将其留在输入队列中
3. i为.时，break跳出for循环
4. 当i为 时，continue继续进行下一个for循环