这里比较的VC++编译的C++代码中的性能
我用的是VC6.0测试的
就不介绍这几个的用法了
我写了一段简单的测试代码
测试结果是:
malloc:390
new:391
VirtualAlloc:454
HeapAlloc:47
很明显的是HeapAlloc分配速度最快,malloc次之,new和malloc差不多,VirtualAlloc最慢了(以前小强跟我说这个最快)
我有跟踪了一下
new调用了这段代码
- void
* __cdecl _nh_malloc ( -
size_t nSize, -
int nhFlag -
) - {
-
return _nh_malloc_dbg(nSize, nhFlag, _NORMAL_BLOCK, NULL, 0); - }
malloc函数是这样的:
- _CRTIMP
void * __cdecl malloc ( -
size_t nSize -
) - {
-
return _nh_malloc_dbg(nSize, _newmode, _NORMAL_BLOCK, NULL, 0); - }
很明显,new和malloc最终调用相同的_nh_malloc_dbg,只是new多了一次函数调用
再继续跟下去,发现最终调用的是return HeapAlloc(_crtheap, 0, size);
基本上真相大白了
VirtualAlloc跟踪不进去,如果说分配的是虚拟内存的话,有可能会慢吧。
回头再认真看看《Windows核心编程》这本书!
#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
using namespace std;
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
int i = 0;
DWORD dw1 = 0, dw2 = 0, dw3 = 0, dw4 = 0;
DWORD dwStart = 0;
DWORD dwEnd = 0;
for( int j = 0; j < 10; j++ )
{
dwStart = ::GetTickCount();
for( i = 0; i < 20000; i++ )
{
char *pDest1 = (char *)malloc(4096);
free( pDest1 );
}
dwEnd = ::GetTickCount();
cout << "malloc 10000次4096大小的内存块,耗时" << dwEnd - dwStart << endl;
dw1 += dwEnd - dwStart;
dwStart = ::GetTickCount();
for( i = 0; i < 20000; i++ )
{
char *pDest2 = new char[4096];
delete pDest2;
}
dwEnd = ::GetTickCount();
cout << "new 10000次4096大小的内存块,耗时" << dwEnd - dwStart << endl;
dw2 += dwEnd - dwStart;
dwStart = ::GetTickCount();
for( i = 0; i < 20000; i++ )
{
void* pMem = ::VirtualAlloc(NULL, 4096, MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE );
::VirtualFree(pMem, 0, MEM_RELEASE);
}
dwEnd = ::GetTickCount();
cout << "VirtualAlloc 10000次4096大小的内存块,耗时" << dwEnd - dwStart << endl;
dw3 += dwEnd - dwStart;
HANDLE hHeap = ::HeapCreate(HEAP_NO_SERIALIZE, 0, 0);
dwStart = ::GetTickCount();
for( i = 0; i < 20000; i++ )
{
void* pMem2 = ::HeapAlloc(hHeap, HEAP_NO_SERIALIZE, 4096 );
::HeapFree(hHeap, HEAP_NO_SERIALIZE, pMem2);
}
dwEnd = ::GetTickCount();
cout << "HeapAlloc 10000次4096大小的内存块,耗时" << dwEnd - dwStart << endl;
dw4 += dwEnd - dwStart;
}
cout << "malloc:" << dw1 << endl;
cout << "new:" << dw2 << endl;
cout << "VirtualAlloc:" << dw3 << endl;
cout << "HeapAlloc:" << dw4 << endl;
return 0;
}
欢迎指正!欢迎交流!