【一些字母在单词中不发音的情况】
- 前缀wr-,kn-,gn-的第一个字母w,k,g不发音
write /rait/ v.写下
wrath/rɒθ/ n.愤怒
wrist/rist/ n.腕
knee/ni:/ n.膝盖
know/nəu/ v.知道
gnaw/nɔ:/ v.咬,折磨
- 后缀-gn,-gm中的g不发音
sign/sain/ n.符号,标记
reign/rein/ v.统治,支配
foreign/’fɒrin/ adj.外国的
diaphragm/’daiəfræm/ n.隔膜
- 后缀-mn,mb中的n和b 不发音
autumn/’ɔ:təm/
damn/dæm/
condemn/kən’dem/
lamb/læm/
climb/klaim/
bomb/bɒm/
- /s/-/l/,/s/-/n/,/f/-/n/之间的/t/不发音
castle/’kɑ:sl/
wrestle/’resl/
bustle/’bʌsl/
listen/’lisn/
fasten/’fɑ:sn/
hasten/’heisn/
soften/’sɒfn/
- bt中的b不发音
subtle/’sʌtl/
debt/det/
doubt/daut/
- lf,lk,lm中的l不发音
calf/kɑ:f/
half/hɑ:f/
talk/tɔ:k/
walk/wɔ:k/
folk/fəuk/
palm/pɑ:m/
- 一些词在句首的h或在前缀ex-后及重读元音和轻读元音之间的h不发音
heir/eə/
hour/’auə/
honor/’ɒnə/
honest/’ɒnist/
exhaust/ig’zɔ:st/
exhibit/ig’zibit/
exhort/ig’zɔ:t/
vehicle/’vi:ikl/
- 如果前一词以/st/./ʃt//ft//nd//ld//zd//ðd//vd/等结尾,后一词以辅音开头,则前一词中的/t/,/d/不发音
last chance
west region
just one
left turn
loved flowers
send round
left wheel
pushed them
- 若前一词以/pt//kt//tʃt//bd//gd//dʒd/结尾,后一词以辅音开头,则前一词中的/t//d/不发音
kept quiet
jumped well
judged fairly
changed color
begged me
grabbed them
reached Paris
liked jam
looked fine
picked one
- 情态动词,be动词,或者助动词的否定加上-n’t后/nt/中的/t/常常不发音
这样的例子,我们从懂你里面一挑一大把鸭~比如:
Don’t worry,I won’t stay up too late.
I don’t have it with me,but I do have my driver’s license.
The next flight wasn’t for another 3 hours, so it was a long wait.
He hasn’t been getting enough sleep.
【连读】
- 前一词结尾的辅音和后一词开头的元音相连,也就是所谓的辅元连读啦
例如:
come out
keep off
take it off
first of all
I’m afraid.
句子练习
1.He fetched it for me
2.Tell us all about it.
3.Can I offer you an apple?
4.Would you like a walk now?
5.We’re going to put it off.
- 前一词结尾的元音与后一词开头的元音相连,通常再两者之间加上/j/或/w/
1)前一词以/i:/或/i/或双元音/ei/ /ai/ /ɔi/ ,前后两元音用很轻很轻的/j/相连。
He is my uncle.
/hi:(j)iz mai(j) ʌŋkl/
他是我的叔叔。
句子练习
- Can you say it again?
- That’s too early for the application.
3.It was windy actually.
4.What did they say about it?
5.We often go over to my uncle’s.
2)前一词以/u://u/,或双元音/au//əu/结尾时,前后两元音常用很轻很轻的/w/相连,例如:
two others
/tu:(w)ʌðəz/
句子练习
1.We always go early in the morning.
2.How about going to my aunt for help?
3.How old is the boy?
4.He’s not going to do anything.
5.She knew I would say it again.
- 若前一词以r或re结尾,后一词以元音开头,则用/r/连接两个词,类似于辅元连读
例如:
far away/fɑ:(r)ə’wei/
在远处
句子练习
1.She is going to major in English
2.Would you like to share it?
3.The author is going to give a talk.
- 如果前一词以/t//d/结尾,下一个单词以/j/开头,那我们要把这两个音连到一起变成/tʃ/或/dʒ/
Weren’t you at home last night?
Can’t you see the point?
Would you do me a favor?
What did you say?
She heard your voice.
不完全爆破
英语里6个音是爆破音,/p//b//t//d//k//g/
这些爆破音在某些情况下不发生爆破,仅是在口腔中形成阻碍。在发不完全爆破音时,口型完全和爆破音相同,只是不送气,停顿一下。
- 爆破音/p//b//t//d//k//g/相邻时,前一个发不完全爆破音
比如:
Sit down/’si(t)’daun/
- 爆破音/p//b//t//d//k//g/在/tʃ//dʒ//m//n//θ//ð/的前面时发不完全爆破音
Good children/’gu(d)-tʃaild/
Good morning/’gu(d)-’m ɔ:niŋ/
Picture/’pi(k)tʃə/
- /t//d/在/s//l/前发不完全爆破音
I can not sing. 我不会唱歌
- 爆破音/p/ /b//t//d/ /k//g/和其他爆破音相遇
-pp- ripe pear
-pb- soap bubble
-pt- cup tie
-pd- deep down
-pk- pipe cleaner
-pg- lamp glass
-bp- rob Peter
-bb- rub briskly
-bt- obtain
-bk- Bob came
-bg- describe Green
-tp- wet paint
-tb- pocket book
-tt- fast train
-td- great deal
-tk- not clean
-tg- white goose
-db- card board
-dt- good time
-dd- field day
-dk- red card
-dg- good girl
-kp- silk purse
-kb- ink bottle
-kt- actor
-kd- public duty
-kg- park gate
-gp- flag pole
-gb- dog biscuit
-gt- ragtime
-gd- dig down
-gk- egg cup
-gg- big girl
s后清辅音浊化
st->sd stop stand stack steel stamp start stem star stair stay strike street strip stride stroke stream
sk->sg sky skirt skip skin skittles scale scope scab scar scarf scrape scream screech scrub
sp->sb speak sport spanner spin spell spank spoon spill
弱读
Words | Strong form | Weak form | Sentence |
a | /ei/ | /ə/ | We’ve got a dog. |
an | /æn/ | /ən/ | Take an apple. |
the | /ði:/ | /ði//ðə/ | They saw the young and the old. |
some | / sʌm/ | /səm//sm/ | Get me some water. |
her | / hɜ:/ | /hə//ɜ://ə/ | What’s her name? |
his | /hiz/ | /iz/ | John had his hair cut. |
our | /auə/ | /ɑ:/ | We can do it on our own. |
you | /ju:/ | /ju/ | Did you see my pen? |
your | /jɔ:/ | /jə/ | Take your time. |
he | /hi:/ | /hi//i/ | What did he do? |
me | /mi:/ | /mi/ | Let me have a look. |
she | /ʃi:/ | /ʃi/ | Did she come? |
them | /ðem/ | /ðəm//ðm/ | Let them go. |
us | /ʌs/ | /əs/ | He told us a story. |
we | /wi:/ | /wi/ | Here we are. |
him | /him/ | /im/ | Give him a pen. |
am | /æm/ | /əm//m/ | I’m proud of it. |
are | /ɑ:/ | /ə/ | What are you doing? |
be | /bi:/ | /bi/ | Don’t be late. |
is | /iz/ | /z//s/ | He is coming. |
was | /wɒz/ | /wəz//wz/ | He was out. |
were | /wɜ:/ | /wə/ | We were all late. |
can | /kæn/ | /kən//kn/ | What can I do? |
do | /du:/ | /də//d/ | What do you do on Saturdays? |
does | /dʌz/ | /dəz/ | When does the train leave? |
had | /hæd/ | /həd//əd//d/ | How many had he had? |
has | /hæz/ | /həz//əz//z//s/ | What has happened? |
have | /hæv/ | /həv//əv//v/ | The kids have gone. |
must | /mʌst/ | /məst//məs/ | We must go now. |
shall | /ʃæl/ | /ʃəl//ʃl/ | What shall we do? |
will | /wil/ | /wəl//əl/ | That will do. |
at | /æt/ | /ət/ | Look at him. |
for | /fɔ:/ | /fə//fr/ | Is it for me? |
from | /frɒm/ | /frəm//frm/ | They come from the States. |
of | /ɒv/ | /əv//v//f/ | It’s very kind of you. |
to | /tu:/ | /tə/ | You don’t have to worry. |
and | /ænd/ | /ənd//ən//nd//n/ | We had fish and chips. |
as | /æz/ | /əz/ | Just as you like. |
but | /bʌt/ | /bət/ | It’s good but expensive. |
so | /səu/ | /sə/ | It’s not so cold here. |
than | /ðæn/ | /ðən//ðn/ | It’s bigger than this. |
that | /ðæt/ | /ðət/ | He said that he was coming. |