机器学习笔记1：机器学习定义与分类

机器学习定义与分类

Andrew Ng机器学习课程学习笔记1

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• 定义

  • Arthur Samuel (1959)
    Machine Learning: Field of study that gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed.

  • Tom Mitchell (1998)
    Well-posed Learning Problem: A computer program is said to learn from experience E with respect to some task T and some performance measure P, if its
    performance on T, as measured by P, improves with experience E.
    T：任务，目标
    E：经验
    P：概率

• 分类
  Machine learning algorithms:

  • Supervised learning
  • Unsupervised learning
    Others: Reinforcement learning, recommender systems.

• Supervised learning
  监督学习，即训练已有正确答案的数据。有可以分为Regression与Classification。
  Regression：回归问题，即用直线或者曲线去拟合数据，输出是连续的数值。
  Classification：分类问题，输出结果是有限的类别，是不连续的。

• Unsupervised learning
  非监督学习，没有给出正确答案。