C++双向指针示例

// 双向指针
// 这种用法的缺点是如果在使用者获得指针后, 
// 正在使用的时候, 原对象销毁, 可能导致异常.
// 较好的做法是使用 shared_ptr / weak_ptr (#include <memory>)
// 但是需要对象在设计的时候支持.

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>


template <typename T1, typename T2>
struct Linked {
  friend struct Linked<T2, T1>;

  Linked(T2* t) {
    other = nullptr;
    data = t;
  };

 public:
  ~Linked() { Clear(); }

  // 清除连接
  void Clear() {
    data = nullptr;
    if (other != nullptr && other->other == this) {
      other->data = nullptr;
      other->other = nullptr;
      other = nullptr;
    }
  }

  bool IsNull() { return other == nullptr; }

  T2* operator->() { return data; }

  // 构造器
  static bool make_linked(T1* t1, std::shared_ptr<Linked<T1, T2>>& ptr1, T2* t2,
                          std::shared_ptr<Linked<T2, T1>>& ptr2) {
    if (t1 == nullptr || t2 == nullptr) {
      return false;
    }
    auto node1 = new Linked<T1, T2>(t2);
    auto node2 = new Linked<T2, T1>(t1);
    node1->other = node2;
    node2->other = node1;

    ptr1 = std::shared_ptr<Linked<T1, T2>>(node1);
    ptr2 = std::shared_ptr<Linked<T2, T1>>(node2);

    return true;
  }

 private:
  Linked<T2, T1>* other;
  T2* data;
};

// Test
struct B;
struct A {
  A(int d) : data(d) {}

  void ShowA() { std::cout << "A: " << data << std::endl; }
  std::shared_ptr<Linked<A, B>> pB;
  int data;
};

struct B {
  B(int d) : data(d) {}

  void ShowB() { std::cout << "B: " << data << std::endl; }
  std::shared_ptr<Linked<B, A>> pA;

  int data;
};

int main() {
  auto a = new A(100);
  auto b = new B(200);
  Linked<A, B>::make_linked(a, a->pB, b, b->pA);

  (*a->pB)->ShowB();
  (*b->pA)->ShowA();

  auto b2 = new B(300);

  Linked<A, B>::make_linked(a, a->pB, b2, b2->pA);

  (*a->pB)->ShowB();
  (*b2->pA)->ShowA();

  if (b->pA->IsNull()) {
    std::cout << "b->pA == null" << std::endl;
  }

  return 0;
}