转载来自:http://lzkyo.iteye.com/blog/455855
前几天在本区看到一个贴子,有人问,在Socket做服务器,在手机上用Http访问,如何实现。这个贴子,有十来个人回复了,可惜回复的都是:Socket使用TCP/IP协议,客户端用HTTP协议,不同协议不可能实现通讯。再可惜,那个贴子结了,要不然,我就可以回复了!在这里拿出来说一下,让大家不要再误会了(TCP/IP与HTTP不可通讯)
因为目前很多手机仍不支持MIDP2.0,只支持MIDP1.0,而Socket技术只在MIDP2.0才提供支持,所以,一般的Java ME程序的如果要实现C/S结构,都会选用Tomcat等服务器、sevlet或JavaBean等Java EE架构实现。不过,考虑到响应速度与性能的问题,Tomcat等Java EE架构可能满足不了业务要求,这样,我们就要用到下面将要说的自已写服务器的技术了。
一般的C/S结构程序,一般程序员都会写,不过,这里一般程序员刚接触Socket写服务器,Http写客户端都会头大——不可能吧,Socket用TCP/IP协议,客户端用Http协议,不同协议间,怎么可能通讯呢!
本文要说的就是这个问题了。
大家一定都知道,网络系统一共分7层,在这七层中,Http协议要高于TCP/IP协议(因为在互联网中,计算机是通过IP定位的,也就是用TCP/IP 协议了),对网络操作系统有了解的人,一定不会忘记,我们用Http访问www的时候,用的是域名,而域名,最终还是要通过DNS转换成IP地址的。这就对了——HTTP协议基于TCP/IP协议!而Socket正是基于TCP/IP协议,这样一来,它们就有了共同之外了!有了以上的认识,理论方面就没问题了。
我们再讨论一下实现:
服务器:
和一般的C/S结构一样,用Socket(java中用ServerSocket)监听。监听、读写消息的方面与一般的C/S服务器一模一样。不同的是,考虑到客户端只支持http协议,所以,读客户端消息的时候,读到的将是http头+消息,那么,我们便要用程序分析并去掉http头,只用消息。发消息的时候正好相反,在发送的消息前面,自己加上http头(其实就是一个包含一定内容的字符串),这样再发出去,客户端就可以收到并读取了。
客户端:
用Http连接,在java中,用的是HttpConnection.open("http://"+IP+":"+Port)访问服务器,这样,就可以向ServerSocket请求连接了。
在open之后,再向HttpConnection对象的输出流写入消息,然后刷新流再关闭HttpConnection就可以了,客户端因为本来用的就是http协议,所以不用自行加http头,底层会处理的;服务器在Accept()之后,就可以从Socket的输入流读到消息了。当然,如果要读服务器的消息的话,可以在HttpConnection关闭前读它的输入流(读的时候,如果还没有收到服务器消息,会阻塞当前线程的,直到读到为止,不怕读不到)。客户端读到的消息,是不包括http头的,所以,也就不用我们自行处理了。
要注意的是,HttpConnetion.open后,只能用一次,刷新后,它就无效了,得重新调用open方法再次建立连接。(服务器最好使用线程建立Socket与客户端连接,连接一次一个线程。)
Java代码
1. 服务器示例代码:(共三个类)
2. //HttpServer.java
3. package testnetserver;
4.
5. public class HttpServer{
6. public HttpServer() {
7. }
8. public static void main(String[] aregs){
9. HttpServerSocket hss=new HttpServerSocket();
10. hss.start();
11. }
12. }
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19. //HttpServerSocket.java
20. package testnetserver;
21.
22. import java.net.ServerSocket;
23. import java.io.*;
24.
25. public class HttpServerSocket extends Thread{
26. ServerSocket ss=null;
27. private static final int port=2222;
28. public HttpServerSocket() {
29. }
30. public void run(){
31. try {
32. ss = new ServerSocket(port);
33. }
34. catch (IOException ex) {
35. System.out.println("ServerSocket can not listen");
36. System.out.println("Error on ServerSocket bind port");
37. ex.printStackTrace();
38. ss=null;
39. return;
40. }
41. //循环监听
42. while(true){
43. HttpSocket hs=null;
44. try {
45. hs=new HttpSocket();
46. hs.s=ss.accept();
47. System.out.println("have a client connect");
48. hs.start();
49. }
50. catch (IOException ex1) {
51. System.out.println("Error on accept");
52. }
53. }
54. }
55. }
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62. //HttpSocket.java
63. package testnetserver;
64.
65. import java.net.Socket;
66. import java.io.*;
67.
68. public class HttpSocket
69. extends Thread {
70. public Socket s = null;
71. String msg = "";
72. public HttpSocket() {
73. }
74.
75. public void run() {
76. BufferedReader is = null;
77. PrintWriter os = null;
78. try {
79. //由Socket对象得到输入流,并构造相应的BufferedReader对象
80. is = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
81. //由Socket对象得到输出流,并构造PrintWriter对象
82. os = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream());
83. }
84. catch (IOException ex) {
85. System.out.println("Error on get Buffere");
86. }
87.
88. String temp = "";
89. try {
90. temp = is.readLine();
91. while (temp != null) {
92. msg += temp;
93. if (temp.length() > 4 &&
94. temp.substring(temp.length() - 4).equals("/End")) {
95. temp = is.readLine(); //虚读
96. temp = null;
97. break;
98. }
99. msg += "\r\n";
100. temp = is.readLine();
101. }
102. getMsg();
103. //立刻回发消息
104. msg = "Begin/" + msg + "/End";
105. os.write("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n");
106. os.write("Content-Type: text; charset=utf\r\n");
107. os.write( ("Content-Length: " + msg.length() + "\r\n"));
108. os.write("\r\n");
109. os.write(msg);
110. os.flush();
111. msg = "";
112. }
113. catch (IOException ex1) {
114. System.out.println("Error on read or write Buffered");
115. ex1.printStackTrace();
116. }
117. try {
118. sleep(100);
119. }
120. catch (InterruptedException ex2) {
121. System.out.println("Error on HttpSocket sleep");
122. }
123. }
124.
125. //去掉协议头,取出纯消息
126. private void getMsg() {
127. int begin = msg.indexOf("Begin/");
128. int end = msg.indexOf("/End");
129. if (begin >= 0 && end > 0 && msg.length()>"Begin/".length()) {
130. msg = msg.substring(begin + "Begin/".length(), end);
131. System.out.println(msg);
132. }
133. else {
134. msg = "";
135. }
136. }
137. }
服务器示例代码:(共三个类)
//HttpServer.java
package testnetserver;
public class HttpServer{
public HttpServer() {
}
public static void main(String[] aregs){
HttpServerSocket hss=new HttpServerSocket();
hss.start();
}
}
//HttpServerSocket.java
package testnetserver;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.io.*;
public class HttpServerSocket extends Thread{
ServerSocket ss=null;
private static final int port=2222;
public HttpServerSocket() {
}
public void run(){
try {
ss = new ServerSocket(port);
}
catch (IOException ex) {
System.out.println("ServerSocket can not listen");
System.out.println("Error on ServerSocket bind port");
ex.printStackTrace();
ss=null;
return;
}
//循环监听
while(true){
HttpSocket hs=null;
try {
hs=new HttpSocket();
hs.s=ss.accept();
System.out.println("have a client connect");
hs.start();
}
catch (IOException ex1) {
System.out.println("Error on accept");
}
}
}
}
//HttpSocket.java
package testnetserver;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.io.*;
public class HttpSocket
extends Thread {
public Socket s = null;
String msg = "";
public HttpSocket() {
}
public void run() {
BufferedReader is = null;
PrintWriter os = null;
try {
//由Socket对象得到输入流,并构造相应的BufferedReader对象
is = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
//由Socket对象得到输出流,并构造PrintWriter对象
os = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream());
}
catch (IOException ex) {
System.out.println("Error on get Buffere");
}
String temp = "";
try {
temp = is.readLine();
while (temp != null) {
msg += temp;
if (temp.length() > 4 &&
temp.substring(temp.length() - 4).equals("/End")) {
temp = is.readLine(); //虚读
temp = null;
break;
}
msg += "\r\n";
temp = is.readLine();
}
getMsg();
//立刻回发消息
msg = "Begin/" + msg + "/End";
os.write("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n");
os.write("Content-Type: text; charset=utf\r\n");
os.write( ("Content-Length: " + msg.length() + "\r\n"));
os.write("\r\n");
os.write(msg);
os.flush();
msg = "";
}
catch (IOException ex1) {
System.out.println("Error on read or write Buffered");
ex1.printStackTrace();
}
try {
sleep(100);
}
catch (InterruptedException ex2) {
System.out.println("Error on HttpSocket sleep");
}
}
//去掉协议头,取出纯消息
private void getMsg() {
int begin = msg.indexOf("Begin/");
int end = msg.indexOf("/End");
if (begin >= 0 && end > 0 && msg.length()>"Begin/".length()) {
msg = msg.substring(begin + "Begin/".length(), end);
System.out.println(msg);
}
else {
msg = "";
}
}
}
Java代码
1. 客户端示例代码(主要部份):
2. public void run() {
3. HttpConnection conn = null;
4. DataInputStream dis = null;
5. DataOutputStream dos = null;
6. int begin = 0, end = 0;
7. byte temp[] = new byte[10000];
8. int len = 0;
9. try {
10. conn = (HttpConnection) Connector.open("http://" + IP + ":" +
11. port);
12. //写输出流(向服务器发送信息)
13. dos = conn.openDataOutputStream();
14. msg = "Begin/" + msg+"/End";
15. //dos.writeUTF(msg);
16. dos.write(msg.getBytes());
17. dos.flush();
18. dos.close();
19. if (!isTestConnectTime) {
20. dataLenght = msg.length();
21. }
22. backTime = 0;
23. //读输入流(读服务器消息)
24. dis = conn.openDataInputStream();
25. len = dis.read(temp);
26. if (len > 0) {
27. receiveMsg = "";
28. for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
29. receiveMsg += (char) temp[i];
30. }
31. }
32.
33. if (receiveMsg.length() > 0) {
34. begin = receiveMsg.indexOf("Begin/");
35. end = receiveMsg.indexOf("/End");
36. if (begin >= 0 && end > 0) {
37. receiveMsg = receiveMsg.substring(begin +
38. "Begin/".length(), end);
39. if (receiveMsg != null && receiveMsg.trim() != "" &&
40. receiveMsg.length() > 0) {
41. System.out.println(receiveMsg);
42. testCount++;
43. if (!isTestConnectTime) {
44. allDataLenght += dataLenght;
45. }
46. }
47. }
48. }
49. //dos.close();
50. dis.close();
51. conn.close();
52. }
53. catch (Exception ex1) {
54. System.out.println("Error on send message");
55. ex1.printStackTrace();
56. }
57. }
前几天在本区看到一个贴子,有人问,在Socket做服务器,在手机上用Http访问,如何实现。这个贴子,有十来个人回复了,可惜回复的都是:Socket使用TCP/IP协议,客户端用HTTP协议,不同协议不可能实现通讯。再可惜,那个贴子结了,要不然,我就可以回复了!在这里拿出来说一下,让大家不要再误会了(TCP/IP与HTTP不可通讯)
因为目前很多手机仍不支持MIDP2.0,只支持MIDP1.0,而Socket技术只在MIDP2.0才提供支持,所以,一般的Java ME程序的如果要实现C/S结构,都会选用Tomcat等服务器、sevlet或JavaBean等Java EE架构实现。不过,考虑到响应速度与性能的问题,Tomcat等Java EE架构可能满足不了业务要求,这样,我们就要用到下面将要说的自已写服务器的技术了。
一般的C/S结构程序,一般程序员都会写,不过,这里一般程序员刚接触Socket写服务器,Http写客户端都会头大——不可能吧,Socket用TCP/IP协议,客户端用Http协议,不同协议间,怎么可能通讯呢!
本文要说的就是这个问题了。
大家一定都知道,网络系统一共分7层,在这七层中,Http协议要高于TCP/IP协议(因为在互联网中,计算机是通过IP定位的,也就是用TCP/IP 协议了),对网络操作系统有了解的人,一定不会忘记,我们用Http访问www的时候,用的是域名,而域名,最终还是要通过DNS转换成IP地址的。这就对了——HTTP协议基于TCP/IP协议!而Socket正是基于TCP/IP协议,这样一来,它们就有了共同之外了!有了以上的认识,理论方面就没问题了。
我们再讨论一下实现:
服务器:
和一般的C/S结构一样,用Socket(java中用ServerSocket)监听。监听、读写消息的方面与一般的C/S服务器一模一样。不同的是,考虑到客户端只支持http协议,所以,读客户端消息的时候,读到的将是http头+消息,那么,我们便要用程序分析并去掉http头,只用消息。发消息的时候正好相反,在发送的消息前面,自己加上http头(其实就是一个包含一定内容的字符串),这样再发出去,客户端就可以收到并读取了。
客户端:
用Http连接,在java中,用的是HttpConnection.open("http://"+IP+":"+Port)访问服务器,这样,就可以向ServerSocket请求连接了。
在open之后,再向HttpConnection对象的输出流写入消息,然后刷新流再关闭HttpConnection就可以了,客户端因为本来用的就是http协议,所以不用自行加http头,底层会处理的;服务器在Accept()之后,就可以从Socket的输入流读到消息了。当然,如果要读服务器的消息的话,可以在HttpConnection关闭前读它的输入流(读的时候,如果还没有收到服务器消息,会阻塞当前线程的,直到读到为止,不怕读不到)。客户端读到的消息,是不包括http头的,所以,也就不用我们自行处理了。
要注意的是,HttpConnetion.open后,只能用一次,刷新后,它就无效了,得重新调用open方法再次建立连接。(服务器最好使用线程建立Socket与客户端连接,连接一次一个线程。)
Java代码
1. 服务器示例代码:(共三个类)
2. //HttpServer.java
3. package testnetserver;
4.
5. public class HttpServer{
6. public HttpServer() {
7. }
8. public static void main(String[] aregs){
9. HttpServerSocket hss=new HttpServerSocket();
10. hss.start();
11. }
12. }
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19. //HttpServerSocket.java
20. package testnetserver;
21.
22. import java.net.ServerSocket;
23. import java.io.*;
24.
25. public class HttpServerSocket extends Thread{
26. ServerSocket ss=null;
27. private static final int port=2222;
28. public HttpServerSocket() {
29. }
30. public void run(){
31. try {
32. ss = new ServerSocket(port);
33. }
34. catch (IOException ex) {
35. System.out.println("ServerSocket can not listen");
36. System.out.println("Error on ServerSocket bind port");
37. ex.printStackTrace();
38. ss=null;
39. return;
40. }
41. //循环监听
42. while(true){
43. HttpSocket hs=null;
44. try {
45. hs=new HttpSocket();
46. hs.s=ss.accept();
47. System.out.println("have a client connect");
48. hs.start();
49. }
50. catch (IOException ex1) {
51. System.out.println("Error on accept");
52. }
53. }
54. }
55. }
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62. //HttpSocket.java
63. package testnetserver;
64.
65. import java.net.Socket;
66. import java.io.*;
67.
68. public class HttpSocket
69. extends Thread {
70. public Socket s = null;
71. String msg = "";
72. public HttpSocket() {
73. }
74.
75. public void run() {
76. BufferedReader is = null;
77. PrintWriter os = null;
78. try {
79. //由Socket对象得到输入流,并构造相应的BufferedReader对象
80. is = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
81. //由Socket对象得到输出流,并构造PrintWriter对象
82. os = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream());
83. }
84. catch (IOException ex) {
85. System.out.println("Error on get Buffere");
86. }
87.
88. String temp = "";
89. try {
90. temp = is.readLine();
91. while (temp != null) {
92. msg += temp;
93. if (temp.length() > 4 &&
94. temp.substring(temp.length() - 4).equals("/End")) {
95. temp = is.readLine(); //虚读
96. temp = null;
97. break;
98. }
99. msg += "\r\n";
100. temp = is.readLine();
101. }
102. getMsg();
103. //立刻回发消息
104. msg = "Begin/" + msg + "/End";
105. os.write("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n");
106. os.write("Content-Type: text; charset=utf\r\n");
107. os.write( ("Content-Length: " + msg.length() + "\r\n"));
108. os.write("\r\n");
109. os.write(msg);
110. os.flush();
111. msg = "";
112. }
113. catch (IOException ex1) {
114. System.out.println("Error on read or write Buffered");
115. ex1.printStackTrace();
116. }
117. try {
118. sleep(100);
119. }
120. catch (InterruptedException ex2) {
121. System.out.println("Error on HttpSocket sleep");
122. }
123. }
124.
125. //去掉协议头,取出纯消息
126. private void getMsg() {
127. int begin = msg.indexOf("Begin/");
128. int end = msg.indexOf("/End");
129. if (begin >= 0 && end > 0 && msg.length()>"Begin/".length()) {
130. msg = msg.substring(begin + "Begin/".length(), end);
131. System.out.println(msg);
132. }
133. else {
134. msg = "";
135. }
136. }
137. }
服务器示例代码:(共三个类)
//HttpServer.java
package testnetserver;
public class HttpServer{
public HttpServer() {
}
public static void main(String[] aregs){
HttpServerSocket hss=new HttpServerSocket();
hss.start();
}
}
//HttpServerSocket.java
package testnetserver;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.io.*;
public class HttpServerSocket extends Thread{
ServerSocket ss=null;
private static final int port=2222;
public HttpServerSocket() {
}
public void run(){
try {
ss = new ServerSocket(port);
}
catch (IOException ex) {
System.out.println("ServerSocket can not listen");
System.out.println("Error on ServerSocket bind port");
ex.printStackTrace();
ss=null;
return;
}
//循环监听
while(true){
HttpSocket hs=null;
try {
hs=new HttpSocket();
hs.s=ss.accept();
System.out.println("have a client connect");
hs.start();
}
catch (IOException ex1) {
System.out.println("Error on accept");
}
}
}
}
//HttpSocket.java
package testnetserver;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.io.*;
public class HttpSocket
extends Thread {
public Socket s = null;
String msg = "";
public HttpSocket() {
}
public void run() {
BufferedReader is = null;
PrintWriter os = null;
try {
//由Socket对象得到输入流,并构造相应的BufferedReader对象
is = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
//由Socket对象得到输出流,并构造PrintWriter对象
os = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream());
}
catch (IOException ex) {
System.out.println("Error on get Buffere");
}
String temp = "";
try {
temp = is.readLine();
while (temp != null) {
msg += temp;
if (temp.length() > 4 &&
temp.substring(temp.length() - 4).equals("/End")) {
temp = is.readLine(); //虚读
temp = null;
break;
}
msg += "\r\n";
temp = is.readLine();
}
getMsg();
//立刻回发消息
msg = "Begin/" + msg + "/End";
os.write("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n");
os.write("Content-Type: text; charset=utf\r\n");
os.write( ("Content-Length: " + msg.length() + "\r\n"));
os.write("\r\n");
os.write(msg);
os.flush();
msg = "";
}
catch (IOException ex1) {
System.out.println("Error on read or write Buffered");
ex1.printStackTrace();
}
try {
sleep(100);
}
catch (InterruptedException ex2) {
System.out.println("Error on HttpSocket sleep");
}
}
//去掉协议头,取出纯消息
private void getMsg() {
int begin = msg.indexOf("Begin/");
int end = msg.indexOf("/End");
if (begin >= 0 && end > 0 && msg.length()>"Begin/".length()) {
msg = msg.substring(begin + "Begin/".length(), end);
System.out.println(msg);
}
else {
msg = "";
}
}
}
Java代码
1. 客户端示例代码(主要部份):
2. public void run() {
3. HttpConnection conn = null;
4. DataInputStream dis = null;
5. DataOutputStream dos = null;
6. int begin = 0, end = 0;
7. byte temp[] = new byte[10000];
8. int len = 0;
9. try {
10. conn = (HttpConnection) Connector.open("http://" + IP + ":" +
11. port);
12. //写输出流(向服务器发送信息)
13. dos = conn.openDataOutputStream();
14. msg = "Begin/" + msg+"/End";
15. //dos.writeUTF(msg);
16. dos.write(msg.getBytes());
17. dos.flush();
18. dos.close();
19. if (!isTestConnectTime) {
20. dataLenght = msg.length();
21. }
22. backTime = 0;
23. //读输入流(读服务器消息)
24. dis = conn.openDataInputStream();
25. len = dis.read(temp);
26. if (len > 0) {
27. receiveMsg = "";
28. for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
29. receiveMsg += (char) temp[i];
30. }
31. }
32.
33. if (receiveMsg.length() > 0) {
34. begin = receiveMsg.indexOf("Begin/");
35. end = receiveMsg.indexOf("/End");
36. if (begin >= 0 && end > 0) {
37. receiveMsg = receiveMsg.substring(begin +
38. "Begin/".length(), end);
39. if (receiveMsg != null && receiveMsg.trim() != "" &&
40. receiveMsg.length() > 0) {
41. System.out.println(receiveMsg);
42. testCount++;
43. if (!isTestConnectTime) {
44. allDataLenght += dataLenght;
45. }
46. }
47. }
48. }
49. //dos.close();
50. dis.close();
51. conn.close();
52. }
53. catch (Exception ex1) {
54. System.out.println("Error on send message");
55. ex1.printStackTrace();
56. }
57. }