内存管理（**Fixed-Size Memory Partitions**）

内存管理（Fixed-Size Memory Partitions）

链表实现->减少碎片内存导致的浪费

Required Configuration

OS_CFG_MEM_EN must be enabled in os_cfg.h. Refer to µC-OS-III Configuration Manual.

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OSMemCreate

Description

Creates and initializes a memory partition. A memory partition contains a user-specified

number of fixed-size memory blocks. An application may obtain one of these memory blocks

and, when completed, release the block back to the same partition where the block originated.

Files

os.h/os_mem.c

Prototype

void OSMemCreate (OS_MEM *p_mem,
 CPU_CHAR *p_name,
 void *p_addr,
 OS_MEM_QTY n_blks,
 OS_MEM_SIZE blk_size,
 OS_ERR *p_err)

Arguments

p_mem

is a pointer to a memory partition control block that must be allocated in the application.

It is assumed that storage will be allocated for the memory control blocks in the

application. In other words, the user will declare a “global” variable as follows, and pass a

pointer to this variable to OSMemCreate():

OS_MEM MyMemPartition;

p_name

is a pointer to an ASCII string to provide a name to the memory partition. The name can

be displayed by debuggers or µC/Probe.

p_addr

is the address of the start of a memory area used to create fixed-size memory blocks.

Memory partitions may be created using either static arrays or malloc() during startup.

Note that the partition must align on a pointer boundary. Thus, if a pointer is 16-bits wide.

the partition must start on a memory location with an address that ends with 0, 2, 4, 6, 8,

etc. If a pointer is 32-bits wide, the partition must start on a memory location with an

address that ends in 0, 4, 8 or C. The easiest way to ensure this is to create a static array as

follows:

void * MyMemArray[n] [m] （n代表内存块的数量，m代表每一个块所带的内存空间的大小）

You should never deallocate memory blocks that were allocated from the heap to prevent

fragmentation of your heap. It is quite acceptable to allocate memory blocks from the

heap as long as the user does not deallocate them.

n_blks

contains the number of memory blocks available from the specified partition. You need to

specify at least two memory blocks per partition.

blk_size

specifies the size (in bytes) of each memory block within a partition. A memory block

must be large enough to hold at least a pointer. Also, the size of a memory block must be

a multiple of the size of a pointer. If a pointer is 32-bits wide then the block size must be

4, 8, 12, 16, 20, etc. bytes (i.e., a multiple of 4 bytes).

p_err

is a pointer to a variable that holds an error code:

OS_ERR_NONE

If the memory partition is created successfully

OS_ERR_ILLEGAL_CREATE_RUN_TIME

If OS_SAFETY_CRITICAL_IEC61508 is defined: you called this after calling OSStart()

and thus you are no longer allowed to create additional kernel objects.

OS_ERR_MEM_CREATE_ISR

If OS_CFG_CALLED_FROM_ISR_CHK_EN is set to DEF_ENABLED in os_cfg.h: if you called

OSMemCreate() from an ISR.

OS_ERR_MEM_INVALID_BLKS

If OS_CFG_ARG_CHK_EN is set to DEF_ENABLED in os_cfg.h: if the user does not specify

at least two memory blocks per partition

OS_ERR_MEM_INVALID_P_ADDR

If OS_CFG_ARG_CHK_EN is set to DEF_ENABLED in os_cfg.h: if specifying an invalid

address (i.e., p_addr is a NULL pointer) or the partition is not properly aligned.

OS_ERR_MEM_INVALID_SIZE

If OS_CFG_ARG_CHK_EN is set to DEF_ENABLED in os_cfg.h: if the user does not specify a

block size that can contain at least a pointer variable, and if it is not a multiple of a

pointer-size variable.

OSMemGet(申请内存控制块)

Description

Obtains a memory block from a memory partition. It is assumed that the application knows the

size of each memory block obtained. Also, the application must return the memory block

[using OSMemPut()] to the same memory partition when it no longer requires it. OSMemGet() may

be called more than once until all memory blocks are allocated.

Files

os.h/os_mem.c

Prototype

void *OSMemGet (OS_MEM *p_mem,
 OS_ERR *p_err)

Arguments

p_mem

is a pointer to the desired memory partition control block.

p_err

is a pointer to a variable that holds an error code:

OS_ERR_NONE

If a memory block is available and returned to the application.

OS_ERR_MEM_INVALID_P_MEM

If OS_CFG_ARG_CHK_EN is set to DEF_ENABLED in os_cfg.h: if p_mem is a NULL pointer.

OS_ERR_MEM_NO_FREE_BLKS

If the memory partition does not contain additional memory blocks to allocate.

OS_ERR_OBJ_TYPE

If OS_CFG_OBJ_TYPE_CHK_EN is set to DEF_ENABLED in os_cfg.h: if the user did not pass

a pointer to a memory partition.

Returned Value

OSMemGet() returns a pointer to the allocated memory block if one is available. If a memory

block is not available from the memory partition, OSMemGet() returns a NULL pointer. It is up to

the application to “cast” the pointer to the proper data type since OSMemGet() returns a void *.

OSMemPut(归还内存控制块)

Description

Returns a memory block back to a memory partition. It is assumed that the user will return the

memory block to the same memory partition from which it was allocated.

Files

os.h/os_mem.c

Prototype

void OSMemPut (OS_MEM *p_mem,
 void *p_blk,
 OS_ERR *p_err)

Arguments

p_mem

is a pointer to the memory partition control block.

p_blk

is a pointer to the memory block to be returned to the memory partition.

p_err

is a pointer to a variable that holds an error code:

OS_ERR_NONE

If a memory block is available and returned to the application.

OS_ERR_MEM_FULL

If returning a memory block to an already full memory partition. This would indicate

that the user freed more blocks that were allocated and potentially did not return

some of the memory blocks to the proper memory partition.

OS_ERR_MEM_INVALID_P_BLK

If OS_CFG_ARG_CHK_EN is set to DEF_ENABLED in os_cfg.h: if the user passed a NULL

pointer for the memory block being returned to the memory partition.

OS_ERR_MEM_INVALID_P_MEM

If OS_CFG_ARG_CHK_EN is set to DEF_ENABLED in os_cfg.h: if p_mem is a NULL pointer.

OS_ERR_OBJ_TYPE

If OS_CFG_OBJ_TYPE_CHK_EN is set to DEF_ENABLED in os_cfg.h: if the user did not pass

a pointer to a memory partition.