buildroot构建根文件系统

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已于 2022-08-02 20:52:59 修改

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分类专栏： 2K1000专题文章标签： linux 运维服务器

于 2022-08-02 20:52:05 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/jindongming_/article/details/126130020

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buildroot资源获取

buildroot官网（用于源码下载）：
https://buildroot.org/

适用架构,mips,loongarch

buildroot软件相关

1.源码目录文件：

root@jdm:/home/jdm/institude/2k1000/la/buildroot/buildroot# ls
arch   boot     Config.in         config.old  COPYING     diff  docs  linux     Makefile.legacy  package  support  toolchain
board  CHANGES  Config.in.legacy  configs     DEVELOPERS  dl    fs    Makefile  output           README   system   utils

其中busybox压缩包和本地源码所在目录：

root@jdm:/home/jdm/institude/2k1000/la/buildroot/buildroot# ls dl/busybox/
busybox-1.35.0.tar.bz2

root@jdm:/home/jdm/institude/2k1000/la/buildroot/buildroot# ls output/build/busybox-1.35.0/
applets     busybox                 Config.in      docs       include      libpwdgrp   Makefile.custom         modutils           procps                  selinux                 TODO
applets_sh  busybox.links           configs        e2fsprogs  init         LICENSE     Makefile.flags          networking         qemu_multiarch_testing  shell                   TODO_unicode
arch        busybox_unstripped      console-tools  editors    INSTALL      loginutils  Makefile.help           NOFORK_NOEXEC.lst  README                  size_single_applets.sh  util-linux
archival    busybox_unstripped.map  coreutils      examples   klibc-utils  mailutils   make_single_applets.sh  NOFORK_NOEXEC.sh   runit                   sysklogd
AUTHORS     busybox_unstripped.out  debianutils    findutils  libbb        Makefile    miscutils               printutils         scripts                 testsuite

menuconfig配置目录结构：

 Target options  --->  
Build options  --→
Toolchain  --->                                                                                                                 
System configuration  --->   
Kernel  --->                  
Target packages  --->            
Filesystem images  --->                            
Bootloaders  --->                              
Host utilities  --->                         
Legacy config options  --->

编译执行流程：
1.make menuconfig图形配置当前所用cpu架构，编译器目录，二进制格式，库和系统工具，文件系统格式等等；
注意：配置完成后，可以通过sudo make show-targets命令查看已经配置的软件包；
2.sudo make busybox-menuconfig 图形配置busybox，此步若无特殊需求，可以采用默认配置；
注意：通过sudo make busybox命令可以单独编译busybox;
3.sudo make;

编译完成后的最终压缩包：

root@jdm:/home/jdm/institude/2k1000/la/buildroot/buildroot# ls output/images/
rootfs.ext2  rootfs.tar（最终包）

buildroot常见错误记录

1.编译错误：

/usr/bin/make -j1 O=/home/jdm/institude/2k1000/la/buildroot/buildroot/output HOSTCC="/usr/bin/gcc" HOSTCXX="/usr/bin/g++" syncconfig
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/jdm/institude/2k1000/la/buildroot/buildroot'
arch/Config.in.arc:65:warning: config symbol defined without type
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/jdm/institude/2k1000/la/buildroot/buildroot'

You seem to have the current working directory in your
LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable. This doesn't work.
support/dependencies/dependencies.mk:27: recipe for target 'dependencies' failed
make: *** [dependencies] Error 1
解决办法：
sudo make;

2.编译错误：

root@jdm:/home/jdm/institude/2k1000/la/buildroot/buildroot# sudo make


>>> toolchain-external-custom  Installing to staging directory
/usr/bin/install -D -m 0755 /home/jdm/institude/2k1000/la/buildroot/buildroot/output/build/toolchain-external-custom/toolchain-wrapper /home/jdm/institude/2k1000/la/buildroot/buildroot/output/host/bin/toolchain-wrapper
loongarch64-linux-gnu-gcc: error: unrecognized argument in option '-mabi=n32'
loongarch64-linux-gnu-gcc: note: valid arguments to '-mabi=' are: lp32 lp64 lpx32; did you mean 'lp32'?
ln: failed to create symbolic link '/home/jdm/institude/2k1000/la/buildroot/buildroot/output/host/loongarch-buildroot-linux-gnu/sysroot/usr/lib64': No such file or directory
package/pkg-generic.mk:329: recipe for target '/home/jdm/institude/2k1000/la/buildroot/buildroot/output/build/toolchain-external-custom/.stamp_staging_installed' failed
make: *** [/home/jdm/institude/2k1000/la/buildroot/buildroot/output/build/toolchain-external-custom/.stamp_staging_installed] Error 1

解决办法：Target ABI (n64) ，编译器是64位的，图形配置的时候，要选择64位编译配置；

3.编译错误：

buildroot/output/build/buildroot-fs/cpio/fakeroot
fakeroot: preload library `libfakeroot.so' not found, aborting.
fs/cpio/cpio.mk:56: recipe for target '/home/jdm/institude/2k1000/la/buildroot/lj/buildroot/output/images/rootfs.cpio' failed
解决办法：
make clean;sudo make;
因为拷贝源码的时候，有一些已经编译的配置中有上一个环境中的路径，导致此编译错误；

注意：如果遇到一个编译错误，修改配置后，仍然报同样的编译错误，就执行make clean;sudo make;