Java基础复习 Day 28

Java基础复习 Day 28

注解与反射 2

1. JavaClass对象的方法

通过class对象可以获得当前类的属性，方法，类名，注解，构造方法，父类等所有类的信息都可以获取

public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchFieldException {
    Class c1 = Class.forName("com.kou.reflection.User");
    //获得包名+类名
    System.out.println(c1.getName());//com.kou.reflection.User
    //获得类名
    System.out.println(c1.getSimpleName());//User
    Field[] fields = c1.getFields();//获得累的public属性
    //获得所有属性
    for (Field field : c1.getDeclaredFields()) {
        System.out.println(field);
        //private java.lang.String com.kou.reflection.User.name
        //private int com.kou.reflection.User.id
        //private int com.kou.reflection.User.age
    }

    //获得指定属性的值
    Field name = c1.getDeclaredField("name");
    System.out.println(name);//private java.lang.String com.kou.reflection.User.name
    for (Method method : c1.getDeclaredMethods()) {
        System.out.println(method);
        //获得本类的public方法
        //public java.lang.String com.kou.reflection.User.getName()
        //public int com.kou.reflection.User.getId()
        //public void com.kou.reflection.User.setName(java.lang.String)
        //public void com.kou.reflection.User.setId(int)
        //public void com.kou.reflection.User.setAge(int)
        //public int com.kou.reflection.User.getAge()
    }
    System.out.println("=======================================");
    for (Method method : c1.getMethods()) {
        System.out.println(method);
        //获得本类和父类的所有方法
        //public java.lang.String com.kou.reflection.User.getName()
        //public int com.kou.reflection.User.getId()
        //public void com.kou.reflection.User.setName(java.lang.String)
        //public void com.kou.reflection.User.setId(int)
        //public void com.kou.reflection.User.setAge(int)
        //public int com.kou.reflection.User.getAge()
        //public final void java.lang.Object.wait() throws java.lang.InterruptedException
        //public final void java.lang.Object.wait(long,int) throws java.lang.InterruptedException
        //public final native void java.lang.Object.wait(long) throws java.lang.InterruptedException
        //public boolean java.lang.Object.equals(java.lang.Object)
        //public java.lang.String java.lang.Object.toString()
        //public native int java.lang.Object.hashCode()
        //public final native java.lang.Class java.lang.Object.getClass()
        //public final native void java.lang.Object.notify()
        //public final native void java.lang.Object.notifyAll()
    }

}

2.Class对象的意义

//动态创建对象
public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchFieldException {

    Class c1 = Class.forName("com.kou.reflection.User");
    //通过newInstance构造一个对象
    User user = (User) c1.newInstance();//相当于调用了user的无参构造方法
    System.out.println(user);//User{name='null', id=0, age=0}
    //通过获得构造器获取一个对象
    Constructor constructor = c1.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class, int.class, int.class);
    User user2 = (User) constructor.newInstance("Karen",223,23);
    System.out.println(user2);//User{name='Karen', id=223, age=23}
    //通过反射操作普通方法
    Method m1 = c1.getDeclaredMethod("setName", String.class);
    m1.invoke(user2,"Karen");
    System.out.println(user2.getName());//Karen
    //通过反射操作属性
    Field name = c1.getDeclaredField("name");
    //想要访问私有属性需要将安全检查关掉
    name.setAccessible(true);//不管下边输出语句的异常：//Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalAccessException: Class com.kou.reflection.Test09 can not access a member of class com.kou.reflection.User with modifiers "private"
    name.set(user2,"Kyle");
    System.out.println(user2);//User{name='Kyle', id=223, age=23}

}

2. 性能分析

   //分析性能
   public class Test10 {
       public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchMethodException {
           test1();//普通new对象需要调用： 16 ms
           test2();//反射方式并且不关闭安全检查需要调用： 1704 ms
           test3();//反射方式关闭安全检查需要调用： 1008 ms
   
       }
       //普通方式调用
       public static void test1(){
           User user = new User();
           long startTime= System.currentTimeMillis();
           for (int i = 0; i < 1000000000; i++) {
               user.getName();
           }
           long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
           System.out.println("普通new对象需要调用： " + (endTime - startTime) + " ms");
       }
       //反射方式不关闭安全检查调用
       public static void test2() throws ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException {
           Class c1 = Class.forName("com.kou.reflection.User");
           User u1 = (User) c1.newInstance();
           Method getName = c1.getDeclaredMethod("getName",null);
           long startTime= System.currentTimeMillis();
           for (int i = 0; i < 1000000000; i++) {
               getName.invoke(u1,null);
           }
           long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
           System.out.println("反射方式并且不关闭安全检查需要调用： " + (endTime - startTime) + " ms");
       }
       //反射方式调用关闭安全检查
       public static void test3() throws ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException {
           Class c1 = Class.forName("com.kou.reflection.User");
           User u1 = (User) c1.newInstance();
           Method getName = c1.getDeclaredMethod("getName", null);
           getName.setAccessible(true);
           long startTime= System.currentTimeMillis();
           for (int i = 0; i < 1000000000; i++) {
               getName.invoke(u1,null);
           }
           long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
           System.out.println("反射方式关闭安全检查需要调用： " + (endTime - startTime) + " ms");
       }
   }
   

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