行为设计模式：命令模式

概念

将请求（命令）封装为对象，从而让可用不同的请求对客户进行参数化（将不同请求依赖注入到其他对象），并且能支持将请求放入队列或记录请求（命令）日志，以及支持可撤销的操作。

此模式允许请求方和接收方独立开来，使得请求方不必知道接收请方的接口，更不必知道请求如何被接收、操作是否被执行、何时被执行，以及是怎么被执行的。

代码示例

//命令接收者，接收命令并执行
class Receiver
{
public:
    void driver() { qDebug() << "我开车了"; }
    void cook() { qDebug() << "我做饭了"; }
};

//命令的抽象
class Command
{
public:
    virtual ~Command() {}
    virtual void execute() = 0; // 执行函数
};

//具体要执行操作的命令-开车
class ConcreteCommand_driver : public Command
{
public:
    ConcreteCommand_driver(Receiver *receiver) : receiver(receiver){}
    void execute() override
    {
        receiver->driver();
    }
private:
    Receiver *receiver;
};

//具体要执行操作的命令-开车
class ConcreteCommand_cook : public Command
{
public:
    ConcreteCommand_cook(Receiver *receiver) : receiver(receiver){}
    void execute() override
    {
        receiver->cook();
    }
private:
    Receiver *receiver;
};

//命令发送者
class Invoker
{
public:
    Invoker() :command(nullptr) {}
    bool setCommand(Command *command)
    {
        if(command)
        {
            this->command = command;
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    void executeCommand()
    {
        if (command)
        {
            command->execute();
        }
    }
private:
    Command *command;
};

void doCommandPattern_driver()
{
    Receiver *receiver = new Receiver();
    Command *command = new ConcreteCommand_driver(receiver);
    Invoker *invoker = new Invoker();
    if (invoker->setCommand(command))
    {
        invoker->executeCommand();
    }
    else
    {
        qDebug() << "设置命令出错";
    }

    delete receiver;
    delete command;
    delete invoker;
}

void doCommandPattern_cook()
{
    Receiver *receiver = new Receiver();
    Command *command = new ConcreteCommand_cook(receiver);
    Invoker *invoker = new Invoker();
    if (invoker->setCommand(command))
    {
        invoker->executeCommand();
    }
    else
    {
        qDebug() << "设置命令出错";
    }

    delete receiver;
    delete command;
    delete invoker;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    doCommandPattern_driver();//执行开车命令
    qDebug()<<"------------------";
    doCommandPattern_cook();//执行做饭命令

    return 0;
}