CGContext对图片的旋转等比缩放效果

利用CGContext，对图片进行旋转处理并作等比缩放，保持图片的宽高比例。在CGContext中，对图片的几何处理主要用到CTM属性，该属性是坐标系对于context的映射，效果相当于对context进行了几何变换，其实只是坐标系的映射发生了几何变换而已。transalte,rotate只对原点坐标系的变换，scale则不会改变坐标系映射，但改变了点的缩放比例。

#import "RotateViewController.h"
#define HEIGHT_MAX self.view.frame.size.height-70
@interface RotateViewController ()

@end
//用于记录当前图片旋转的方向
static int i = UP;
@implementation RotateViewController

- (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil
{
    self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
    if (self) {
        
    }
    return self;
}

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
    //获取需要处理的图片
    original = [[UIImage imageNamed:@"test.png"]retain];
    NSLog(@"original:%@",NSStringFromCGSize(original.size));
    //对图片进行旋转和等比缩放处理
    UIImage* image = [self rotateImage];
    NSLog(@"image:%@",NSStringFromCGSize(image.size));
    //创建UIImageView,大小为等比处理后的图片的大小
    rotateView = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, (self.view.frame.size.height-image.size.height)/2, image.size.width, image.size.height)];
    rotateView.image = image;
    [self.view addSubview:rotateView];
    //创建旋转操作的按钮
    UIButton* rotate = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    rotate.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 60, 30);
    [rotate setTitle:@"rotate" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [rotate setTitleColor:[UIColor redColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    rotate.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
    rotate.alpha = 0.5;
    [rotate addTarget:self action:@selector(rotate:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.view addSubview:rotate];
    //创建用于保存照片的按钮
    UIButton* save = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    save.frame = CGRectMake(self.view.frame.size.width-60, 0, 60, 30);
    [save setTitle:@"save" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [save setTitleColor:[UIColor redColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    save.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
    save.alpha = 0.5;
    [save addTarget:self action:@selector(save:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.view addSubview:save];

}

//旋转按钮事件
-(void)rotate:(id)sender{
    //重设图片当前旋转方向
    i++;
    if (i==ALL) {
        i=UP;
    }
    //获取旋转处理后的等比缩放图片
    UIImage* image = [self rotateImage];
    //重设UIImageView
    rotateView.frame = CGRectMake(0, (self.view.frame.size.height-image.size.height)/2, image.size.width, image.size.height);
    rotateView.image = image;
}
//保存按钮事件
-(void)save:(id)sender{
    
    //保存照片到相册
    UIImageWriteToSavedPhotosAlbum(rotateView.image, self, @selector(image:didFinishSavingWithError:contextInfo:), nil);
}
//旋转图片函数
-(UIImage*)rotateImage{

    switch (i) {
        //当旋转方向为正上方时
        case UP:
        {
            //图片宽度需要填满屏幕宽度，所以选取宽度的缩放比率
            double r  = original.size.width/self.view.frame.size.width;
            //创建cotext，大小设为宽为屏幕宽，高为原图高度等比缩放后高度
            double height = 0;
            if (original.size.height/r>HEIGHT_MAX) {
                height = HEIGHT_MAX;
            }else height = original.size.height/r;
            UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(CGSizeMake(self.view.frame.size.width, height), NO, 0);
            [original drawInRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, self.view.frame.size.width, height)];
        }
            break;
        //当旋转方向为顺时针90度时
        case RIGHT:
        {
            //用原图的高度和屏幕宽度做缩放比
            double r  = original.size.height/self.view.frame.size.width;
            //创建cotext，大小设为宽为屏幕宽，高为原图宽度等比缩放后高度
            double height = 0;
            if (original.size.width/r>HEIGHT_MAX) {
                height = HEIGHT_MAX;
            }else height = original.size.width/r;
            UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(CGSizeMake(self.view.frame.size.width, height), NO, 0);
            CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
            //图片旋转90度，需要使用context的ctm属性，先平移再旋转。这样处理ctm后，context的坐标映射就是几何变换后的效果
            CGContextTranslateCTM(context, self.view.frame.size.width, 0);
            CGContextConcatCTM(context, CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(M_PI*90/180));
            [original drawInRect:CGRectMake(0, 0,height,self.view.frame.size.width)];

        }
            break;
        //当旋转方向为顺时针180度时
        case DOWN:
        {
            //用原图的宽度和屏幕宽度做缩放比
            double r  = original.size.width/self.view.frame.size.width;
            //创建cotext，大小设为宽为屏幕宽，高为原图高度等比缩放后高度
            double height = 0;
            if (original.size.height/r>HEIGHT_MAX) {
                height = HEIGHT_MAX;
            }else height = original.size.height/r;
            UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(CGSizeMake(self.view.frame.size.width, height), NO, 0);
            CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
            //图片旋转180度，需要使用context的ctm属性，先平移再旋转。这样处理ctm后，context的坐标映射就是几何变换后的效果
            CGContextTranslateCTM(context, self.view.frame.size.width, height);
            CGContextConcatCTM(context, CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(M_PI*180/180));
            [original drawInRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, self.view.frame.size.width, height)];
        }
            break;
        //当旋转方向为顺时针270度时
        case LEFT:
        {
            //用原图的高度和屏幕宽度做缩放比
            double r  = original.size.height/self.view.frame.size.width;
            //创建cotext，大小设为宽为屏幕宽，高为原图宽度等比缩放后高度
            double height = 0;
            if (original.size.width/r>HEIGHT_MAX) {
                height = HEIGHT_MAX;
            }else height = original.size.width/r;
            UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(CGSizeMake(self.view.frame.size.width, height), NO, 0);
            CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
            //图片旋转270度，需要使用context的ctm属性，先平移再旋转。这样处理ctm后，context的坐标映射就是几何变换后的效果
            CGContextTranslateCTM(context,0, height);
            CGContextConcatCTM(context, CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(M_PI*270/180));
            [original drawInRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, height, self.view.frame.size.width)];
        }
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
    //获取处理后的图片
    UIImage* image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
    return image;
}
//照片成功保存后的回调
- (void)image:(UIImage *)image didFinishSavingWithError:(NSError *)error
  contextInfo:(void *)contextInfo{
    
    NSLog(@"saved..");
}
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

-(void)dealloc{
    [original release];
    [rotateView release];
    [super dealloc];
}
@end

程序效果图：

保存到相册后的效果图：