/**
* C: 邻接表表示的"无向图(List Undirected Graph)"
*
* @author skywang
* @date 2014/04/18
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX 100
#define isLetter(a) ((((a)>='a')&&((a)<='z')) || (((a)>='A')&&((a)<='Z')))
#define LENGTH(a) (sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]))
// 邻接表中表对应的链表的顶点
typedef struct _ENode
{
int ivex; // 该边所指向的顶点的位置
struct _ENode *next_edge; // 指向下一条弧的指针
}ENode, *PENode;
// 邻接表中表的顶点
typedef struct _VNode
{
char data; // 顶点信息
ENode *first_edge; // 指向第一条依附该顶点的弧
}VNode;
// 邻接表
typedef struct _LGraph
{
int vexnum; // 图的顶点的数目
int edgnum; // 图的边的数目
VNode vexs[MAX];
}LGraph;
/*
* 返回ch在matrix矩阵中的位置
*/
static int get_position(LGraph g, char ch)
{
int i;
for(i=0; i<g.vexnum; i++)
if(g.vexs[i].data==ch)
return i;
return -1;
}
/*
* 读取一个输入字符
*/
static char read_char()
{
char ch;
do {
ch = getchar();
} while(!isLetter(ch));
return ch;
}
/*
* 将node链接到list的末尾
*/
static void link_last(ENode *list, ENode *node)
{
ENode *p = list;
while(p->next_edge)
p = p->next_edge;
p->next_edge = node;
}
/*
* 创建邻接表对应的图(自己输入)
*/
LGraph* create_lgraph()
{
char c1, c2;
int v, e;
int i, p1, p2;
ENode *node1, *node2;
LGraph* pG;
// 输入"顶点数"和"边数"
printf("input vertex number: ");
scanf("%d", &v);
printf("input edge number: ");
scanf("%d", &e);
if ( v < 1 || e < 1 || (e > (v * (v-1))))
{
printf("input error: invalid parameters!\n");
return NULL;
}
if ((pG=(LGraph*)malloc(sizeof(LGraph))) == NULL )
return NULL;
memset(pG, 0, sizeof(LGraph));
// 初始化"顶点数"和"边数"
pG->vexnum = v;
pG->edgnum = e;
// 初始化"邻接表"的顶点
for(i=0; i<pG->vexnum; i++)
{
printf("vertex(%d): ", i);
pG->vexs[i].data = read_char();
pG->vexs[i].first_edge = NULL;
}
// 初始化"邻接表"的边
for(i=0; i<pG->edgnum; i++)
{
// 读取边的起始顶点和结束顶点
printf("edge(%d): ", i);
c1 = read_char();
c2 = read_char();
p1 = get_position(*pG, c1);
p2 = get_position(*pG, c2);
// 初始化node1
node1 = (ENode*)malloc(sizeof(ENode));
node1->ivex = p2;
node1->next_edge= NULL;
// 将node1链接到"p1所在链表的末尾"
if(pG->vexs[p1].first_edge == NULL)
pG->vexs[p1].first_edge = node1;
else
link_last(pG->vexs[p1].first_edge, node1);
// 初始化node2
node2 = (ENode*)malloc(sizeof(ENode));
node2->next_edge = NULL;
node2->ivex = p1;
// 将node2链接到"p2所在链表的末尾"
if(pG->vexs[p2].first_edge == NULL)
pG->vexs[p2].first_edge = node2;
else
link_last(pG->vexs[p2].first_edge, node2);
}
return pG;
}
/*
* 创建邻接表对应的图(用已提供的数据)
*/
LGraph* create_example_lgraph()
{
char c1, c2;
char vexs[] = {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G'};
char edges[][2] = {
{'A', 'C'},
{'A', 'D'},
{'A', 'F'},
{'B', 'C'},
{'C', 'D'},
{'E', 'G'},
{'F', 'G'}};
int vlen = LENGTH(vexs);
int elen = LENGTH(edges);
int i, p1, p2;
ENode *node1, *node2;
LGraph* pG;
if ((pG=(LGraph*)malloc(sizeof(LGraph))) == NULL )
return NULL;
memset(pG, 0, sizeof(LGraph));
// 初始化"顶点数"和"边数"
pG->vexnum = vlen;
pG->edgnum = elen;
// 初始化"邻接表"的顶点
for(i=0; i<pG->vexnum; i++)
{
pG->vexs[i].data = vexs[i];
pG->vexs[i].first_edge = NULL;
}
// 初始化"邻接表"的边
for(i=0; i<pG->edgnum; i++)
{
// 读取边的起始顶点和结束顶点
c1 = edges[i][0];
c2 = edges[i][1];
p1 = get_position(*pG, c1);
p2 = get_position(*pG, c2);
// 初始化node1
node1 = (ENode*)malloc(sizeof(ENode));
node1->ivex = p2;
node1->next_edge = NULL;
// 将node1链接到"p1所在链表的末尾"
if(pG->vexs[p1].first_edge == NULL)
pG->vexs[p1].first_edge = node1;
else
link_last(pG->vexs[p1].first_edge, node1);
// 初始化node2
node2 = (ENode*)malloc(sizeof(ENode));
node2->ivex = p1;
node2->next_edge = NULL;
// 将node2链接到"p2所在链表的末尾"
if(pG->vexs[p2].first_edge == NULL)
pG->vexs[p2].first_edge = node2;
else
link_last(pG->vexs[p2].first_edge, node2);
}
return pG;
}
/*
* 深度优先搜索遍历图的递归实现
*/
static void DFS(LGraph G, int i, int *visited)
{
int w;
ENode *node;
visited[i] = 1;
printf("%c ", G.vexs[i].data);
node = G.vexs[i].first_edge;
while (node != NULL)
{
if (!visited[node->ivex])
DFS(G, node->ivex, visited);
node = node->next_edge;
}
}
/*
* 深度优先搜索遍历图
*/
void DFSTraverse(LGraph G)
{
int i;
int visited[MAX]; // 顶点访问标记
// 初始化所有顶点都没有被访问
for (i = 0; i < G.vexnum; i++)
visited[i] = 0;
printf("DFS: ");
for (i = 0; i < G.vexnum; i++)
{
if (!visited[i])
DFS(G, i, visited);
}
printf("\n");
}
/*
* 广度优先搜索(类似于树的层次遍历)
*/
void BFS(LGraph G)
{
int head = 0;
int rear = 0;
int queue[MAX]; // 辅组队列
int visited[MAX]; // 顶点访问标记
int i, j, k;
ENode *node;
for (i = 0; i < G.vexnum; i++)
visited[i] = 0;
printf("BFS: ");
for (i = 0; i < G.vexnum; i++)
{
if (!visited[i])
{
visited[i] = 1;
printf("%c ", G.vexs[i].data);
queue[rear++] = i; // 入队列
}
while (head != rear)
{
j = queue[head++]; // 出队列
node = G.vexs[j].first_edge;
while (node != NULL)
{
k = node->ivex;
if (!visited[k])
{
visited[k] = 1;
printf("%c ", G.vexs[k].data);
queue[rear++] = k;
}
node = node->next_edge;
}
}
}
printf("\n");
}
/*
* 打印邻接表图
*/
void print_lgraph(LGraph G)
{
int i,j;
ENode *node;
printf("List Graph:\n");
for (i = 0; i < G.vexnum; i++)
{
printf("%d(%c): ", i, G.vexs[i].data);
node = G.vexs[i].first_edge;
while (node != NULL)
{
printf("%d(%c) ", node->ivex, G.vexs[node->ivex].data);//打印相邻顶点
node = node->next_edge;
}
printf("\n");
}
}
void main()
{
LGraph* pG;
// 自定义"图"(自己输入数据)
//pG = create_lgraph();
// 采用已有的"图"
pG = create_example_lgraph();
// 打印图
print_lgraph(*pG);
DFSTraverse(*pG);
BFS(*pG);
system("pause");
* C: 邻接表表示的"无向图(List Undirected Graph)"
*
* @author skywang
* @date 2014/04/18
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX 100
#define isLetter(a) ((((a)>='a')&&((a)<='z')) || (((a)>='A')&&((a)<='Z')))
#define LENGTH(a) (sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]))
// 邻接表中表对应的链表的顶点
typedef struct _ENode
{
int ivex; // 该边所指向的顶点的位置
struct _ENode *next_edge; // 指向下一条弧的指针
}ENode, *PENode;
// 邻接表中表的顶点
typedef struct _VNode
{
char data; // 顶点信息
ENode *first_edge; // 指向第一条依附该顶点的弧
}VNode;
// 邻接表
typedef struct _LGraph
{
int vexnum; // 图的顶点的数目
int edgnum; // 图的边的数目
VNode vexs[MAX];
}LGraph;
/*
* 返回ch在matrix矩阵中的位置
*/
static int get_position(LGraph g, char ch)
{
int i;
for(i=0; i<g.vexnum; i++)
if(g.vexs[i].data==ch)
return i;
return -1;
}
/*
* 读取一个输入字符
*/
static char read_char()
{
char ch;
do {
ch = getchar();
} while(!isLetter(ch));
return ch;
}
/*
* 将node链接到list的末尾
*/
static void link_last(ENode *list, ENode *node)
{
ENode *p = list;
while(p->next_edge)
p = p->next_edge;
p->next_edge = node;
}
/*
* 创建邻接表对应的图(自己输入)
*/
LGraph* create_lgraph()
{
char c1, c2;
int v, e;
int i, p1, p2;
ENode *node1, *node2;
LGraph* pG;
// 输入"顶点数"和"边数"
printf("input vertex number: ");
scanf("%d", &v);
printf("input edge number: ");
scanf("%d", &e);
if ( v < 1 || e < 1 || (e > (v * (v-1))))
{
printf("input error: invalid parameters!\n");
return NULL;
}
if ((pG=(LGraph*)malloc(sizeof(LGraph))) == NULL )
return NULL;
memset(pG, 0, sizeof(LGraph));
// 初始化"顶点数"和"边数"
pG->vexnum = v;
pG->edgnum = e;
// 初始化"邻接表"的顶点
for(i=0; i<pG->vexnum; i++)
{
printf("vertex(%d): ", i);
pG->vexs[i].data = read_char();
pG->vexs[i].first_edge = NULL;
}
// 初始化"邻接表"的边
for(i=0; i<pG->edgnum; i++)
{
// 读取边的起始顶点和结束顶点
printf("edge(%d): ", i);
c1 = read_char();
c2 = read_char();
p1 = get_position(*pG, c1);
p2 = get_position(*pG, c2);
// 初始化node1
node1 = (ENode*)malloc(sizeof(ENode));
node1->ivex = p2;
node1->next_edge= NULL;
// 将node1链接到"p1所在链表的末尾"
if(pG->vexs[p1].first_edge == NULL)
pG->vexs[p1].first_edge = node1;
else
link_last(pG->vexs[p1].first_edge, node1);
// 初始化node2
node2 = (ENode*)malloc(sizeof(ENode));
node2->next_edge = NULL;
node2->ivex = p1;
// 将node2链接到"p2所在链表的末尾"
if(pG->vexs[p2].first_edge == NULL)
pG->vexs[p2].first_edge = node2;
else
link_last(pG->vexs[p2].first_edge, node2);
}
return pG;
}
/*
* 创建邻接表对应的图(用已提供的数据)
*/
LGraph* create_example_lgraph()
{
char c1, c2;
char vexs[] = {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G'};
char edges[][2] = {
{'A', 'C'},
{'A', 'D'},
{'A', 'F'},
{'B', 'C'},
{'C', 'D'},
{'E', 'G'},
{'F', 'G'}};
int vlen = LENGTH(vexs);
int elen = LENGTH(edges);
int i, p1, p2;
ENode *node1, *node2;
LGraph* pG;
if ((pG=(LGraph*)malloc(sizeof(LGraph))) == NULL )
return NULL;
memset(pG, 0, sizeof(LGraph));
// 初始化"顶点数"和"边数"
pG->vexnum = vlen;
pG->edgnum = elen;
// 初始化"邻接表"的顶点
for(i=0; i<pG->vexnum; i++)
{
pG->vexs[i].data = vexs[i];
pG->vexs[i].first_edge = NULL;
}
// 初始化"邻接表"的边
for(i=0; i<pG->edgnum; i++)
{
// 读取边的起始顶点和结束顶点
c1 = edges[i][0];
c2 = edges[i][1];
p1 = get_position(*pG, c1);
p2 = get_position(*pG, c2);
// 初始化node1
node1 = (ENode*)malloc(sizeof(ENode));
node1->ivex = p2;
node1->next_edge = NULL;
// 将node1链接到"p1所在链表的末尾"
if(pG->vexs[p1].first_edge == NULL)
pG->vexs[p1].first_edge = node1;
else
link_last(pG->vexs[p1].first_edge, node1);
// 初始化node2
node2 = (ENode*)malloc(sizeof(ENode));
node2->ivex = p1;
node2->next_edge = NULL;
// 将node2链接到"p2所在链表的末尾"
if(pG->vexs[p2].first_edge == NULL)
pG->vexs[p2].first_edge = node2;
else
link_last(pG->vexs[p2].first_edge, node2);
}
return pG;
}
/*
* 深度优先搜索遍历图的递归实现
*/
static void DFS(LGraph G, int i, int *visited)
{
int w;
ENode *node;
visited[i] = 1;
printf("%c ", G.vexs[i].data);
node = G.vexs[i].first_edge;
while (node != NULL)
{
if (!visited[node->ivex])
DFS(G, node->ivex, visited);
node = node->next_edge;
}
}
/*
* 深度优先搜索遍历图
*/
void DFSTraverse(LGraph G)
{
int i;
int visited[MAX]; // 顶点访问标记
// 初始化所有顶点都没有被访问
for (i = 0; i < G.vexnum; i++)
visited[i] = 0;
printf("DFS: ");
for (i = 0; i < G.vexnum; i++)
{
if (!visited[i])
DFS(G, i, visited);
}
printf("\n");
}
/*
* 广度优先搜索(类似于树的层次遍历)
*/
void BFS(LGraph G)
{
int head = 0;
int rear = 0;
int queue[MAX]; // 辅组队列
int visited[MAX]; // 顶点访问标记
int i, j, k;
ENode *node;
for (i = 0; i < G.vexnum; i++)
visited[i] = 0;
printf("BFS: ");
for (i = 0; i < G.vexnum; i++)
{
if (!visited[i])
{
visited[i] = 1;
printf("%c ", G.vexs[i].data);
queue[rear++] = i; // 入队列
}
while (head != rear)
{
j = queue[head++]; // 出队列
node = G.vexs[j].first_edge;
while (node != NULL)
{
k = node->ivex;
if (!visited[k])
{
visited[k] = 1;
printf("%c ", G.vexs[k].data);
queue[rear++] = k;
}
node = node->next_edge;
}
}
}
printf("\n");
}
/*
* 打印邻接表图
*/
void print_lgraph(LGraph G)
{
int i,j;
ENode *node;
printf("List Graph:\n");
for (i = 0; i < G.vexnum; i++)
{
printf("%d(%c): ", i, G.vexs[i].data);
node = G.vexs[i].first_edge;
while (node != NULL)
{
printf("%d(%c) ", node->ivex, G.vexs[node->ivex].data);//打印相邻顶点
node = node->next_edge;
}
printf("\n");
}
}
void main()
{
LGraph* pG;
// 自定义"图"(自己输入数据)
//pG = create_lgraph();
// 采用已有的"图"
pG = create_example_lgraph();
// 打印图
print_lgraph(*pG);
DFSTraverse(*pG);
BFS(*pG);
system("pause");
}
程序中的node1和node2必须对结构体指针进行初始化node1->next_edge = NULL,node2->next_edge = NULL否则执行时会发生错误。0x00411907 处最可能的异常.0xC0000005: 读取位置 0xcdcdcdd1 时发生访问冲突。指针使用时一定要慎重。在使用之前一定要先定义。