信息与通信的数学基础——实验四（2）

1. 求解下列偏微分方程

Clear[u];
Clear[x];
Clear[y];
DSolve[D[u[x, y], x] + D[u[x, y], y] == 1 / (x*y), u[x, y], {x, y}]
FullSimplify[%]

Clear[u];
Clear[x];
Clear[y];
DSolve[D[u[x, y], x] + D[u[x, y], y] == u[x, y]^2, u[x, y], {x, y}]
FullSimplify[%]

2. 分别用傅里叶变换和拉普拉斯变换法求解

Clear[f];
Clear[u];
对y做傅里叶变换/\[Placeholder]
f = FourierTransform[-a*D[u[y, x], y], y, w]
ff = I*a*w*u[w, x]
u[0, x] = 0
result = DSolve[D[u[w, x], x] == ff, u[w, x], {w, x}]
NDSolve[{D[u[w, x], x] == ff, u[w, 0] == 0}, u[w, x], {x, -5, 5}]
1/ Sqrt[2*Pi]*InverseFourierTransform[Exp[I*a*w*x]*c1, w, y]
对y做拉普拉斯变换/\[Placeholder]
l = LaplaceTransform[-a*D[u[y, x], y], y, w]
u[0, x] = 0
ll = -a*w*u[w, x] + u[0, x]*a
result = DSolve[D[u[w, x], x] == ll, u[w, x], {w, x}]
InverseLaplaceTransform[Exp[-a*w*x]* c1, w, y]

Clear[f];
Clear[u];
f = FourierTransform[4*D[u[x, t], x, x], x, w]
ff = -4*w^2*u[w, t]
result = DSolve[D[u[w, t], t] == ff, u[w, t], {w, t}]
1/ Sqrt[2*Pi]*InverseFourierTransform[Exp[-4*t*w^2]*c1, w, x]
对y做拉普拉斯变换/\[Placeholder]
l = LaplaceTransform[4*D[u[x, t], x, x], x, w]
ll = 4*w^2*u[w, t]
result = DSolve[D[u[w, t], t] == ll, u[w, t], {w, t}]
InverseLaplaceTransform[Exp[4*t*w^2], w, x]

3. 数值求解偏微分方程

Clear[x];
Clear[y];
Clear[u];
s = NDSolve[{D[u[t, x], t] == D[u[t, x], x, x], u[0, x] == Exp[-x^2], 
   u[t, 20] == u[t, -20]}, u[t, x], {t, 0, 10}, {x, -20, 20}]
Plot3D[u[t, x] /. s[[1, 1]], {t, 0, 10}, {x, -20, 20}]

Clear[x];
Clear[y];
Clear[u];
s = NDSolve[{D[u[t, x], t] == D[u[t, x], x, x], u[0, x] == Exp[-x^2]},
   u[t, x], {t, 0, 10}, {x, -10000, 10000}]
Plot3D[u[t, x] /. s[[1, 1]], {t, 0, 10}, {x, -10000, 10000}]

Clear[x];
Clear[y];
Clear[u];
s = NDSolve[{D[u[t, x], t, t] == D[u[t, x], x, x], 
   u[0, x] == Sin[2*x], Derivative[1, 0][u][0, x] == 0, u[t, 0] == 0, 
   u[t, Pi] == 0}, u[t, x], {t, 0, 10}, {x, 0, Pi}]