Java获取泛型T的类型 T.class

Java获取泛型T的类型 T.class

https://blog.csdn.net/hellozhxy/article/details/82024712

1. import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;

2. import java.lang.reflect.Type;

3.  

4. public class Main{

5. public static void main(String[] args)

6. {

7. Foo<String> foo = new Foo<String>(){};

8. // 在类的外部这样获取

9. Type type = ((ParameterizedType)foo.getClass().getGenericSuperclass()).getActualTypeArguments()[0];

10. System.out.println(type);

11. // 在类的内部这样获取

12. System.out.println(foo.getTClass());

13. }

14. }

15.  

16. abstract class Foo<T>{

17. public Class<T> getTClass()

18. {

19. Class<T> tClass = (Class<T>)((ParameterizedType)getClass().getGenericSuperclass()).getActualTypeArguments()[0];

20. return tClass;

21. }

22. }

输出:

1. class java.lang.String

2. class java.lang.String

上面的代码不是万能的,只有实例化T的子类才能按上述方法获得T的实际类型, 
如果子类没有实例化T,则无法获取T的实际类型; 
比如,class Child 并没有实例化T,所以得不到String.class;

1. import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;

2. import java.lang.reflect.Type;

3.  

4. public class Main{

5. public static void main(String[] args){

6. //区别在new Child<String>()没有{}匿名类

7. Foo<String> foo = new Child<String>();

8. // 在类的外部这样获取

9. Type type = ((ParameterizedType)foo.getClass().getGenericSuperclass()).getActualTypeArguments()[0];

10. System.out.println(type);

11. // 在类的内部这样获取

12. System.out.println(foo.getTClass());

13. }

14. }

15.  

16. abstract class Foo<T>{

17. public Class<T> getTClass()

18. {

19. Class<T> tClass = (Class<T>)((ParameterizedType)getClass().getGenericSuperclass()).getActualTypeArguments()[0];

20. return tClass;

21. }

22. }

23.  

24. class Child<T> extends Foo<T>{

25. }

输出：

1. Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.Class cannot be cast to java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType

2. at com.hankcs.Main.main(Main.java:9)

3. at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)

4. at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)

5. at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)

6. at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)

有一种解决方式,父类本身不获取泛型的具体类型,仅提供抽象方法,由子类来提供具体的类型

1. public abstract class Foo<T> {

2. public abstract Class getEntityClass();

3. }

4.  

5. public class Child extends Foo<String> {

6. public Class getEntityClass() {

7. return String.class;

8. }

9. }

对于获取泛型的方法,比较完整的代码如下:

1. import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;

2. import java.lang.reflect.Type;

3.  

4. public class GenericsUtils {

5. /**

6. * 通过反射,获得定义Class时声明的父类的范型参数的类型. 如public BookManager extends

7. * GenricManager<Book>

8. *

9. * @param clazz The class to introspect

10. * @return the first generic declaration, or <code>Object.class</code> if cannot be determined

11. */

12. public static Class getSuperClassGenricType(Class clazz) {

13. return getSuperClassGenricType(clazz, 0);

14. }

15.  

16. /**

17. * 通过反射,获得定义Class时声明的父类的范型参数的类型. 如public BookManager extends GenricManager<Book>

18. *

19. * @param clazz clazz The class to introspect

20. * @param index the Index of the generic ddeclaration,start from 0.

21. */

22. public static Class getSuperClassGenricType(Class clazz, int index)

23. throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {

24. Type genType = clazz.getGenericSuperclass();

25. if (!(genType instanceof ParameterizedType)) {

26. return Object.class;

27. }

28. Type[] params = ((ParameterizedType) genType).getActualTypeArguments();

29. if (index >= params.length || index < 0) {

30. return Object.class;

31. }

32. if (!(params[index] instanceof Class)) {

33. return Object.class;

34. }

35. return (Class) params[index];

36. }

37. }

转载来源: 
http://blog.csdn.net/wangjunjun2008/article/details/43970217 
http://www.hankcs.com/program/t-class.html 
https://www.cnblogs.com/sirab415/p/6133533.html