mx8 uboot 环境变量加载过程分析

ldinvicible

已于 2022-05-17 10:31:05 修改

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分类专栏： yocto 文章标签： linux

于 2022-05-17 10:15:46 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ldinvicible/article/details/124815284

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env分区在读写过程中，如果突然断电，有极小的概率会出现数据损坏，导致env丢失，一但数据丢失系统会启动失败，为保证系统的启动，当env分区数据CRC校验失败时，会自动从default值去启动。

参考uboot 环境变量加载过程分析-爱代码爱编程

在uboot的初始化过程中，环境变量的初始化加载过程如下：

board_r.c/initr_env() ---> env/common.c/env_relocate() ---> env/env.c/env_load()

在env_load()函数中，会根据启动介质（mmc spi）去选择env存储位置，然后调用相应介质的load函数将环境变量读取到系统中。


int env_load(void)
{
	struct env_driver *drv;
	int best_prio = -1;
	int prio;

	for (prio = 0; (drv = env_driver_lookup(ENVOP_LOAD, prio)); prio++) {
		int ret;

		if (!env_has_inited(drv->location))
			continue;

		printf("Loading Environment from %s... ", drv->name);
		/*
		 * In error case, the error message must be printed during
		 * drv->load() in some underlying API, and it must be exactly
		 * one message.
		 */
		ret = drv->load();
		if (!ret) {
			printf("OK\n");
			gd->env_load_prio = prio;

#if !CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(ENV_APPEND)
			return 0;
#endif
		} else if (ret == -ENOMSG) {
			/* Handle "bad CRC" case */
			if (best_prio == -1)
				best_prio = prio;
		} else {
			debug("Failed (%d)\n", ret);
		}
	}

	/*
	 * In case of invalid environment, we set the 'default' env location
	 * to the best choice, i.e.:
	 *   1. Environment location with bad CRC, if such location was found
	 *   2. Otherwise use the location with highest priority
	 *
	 * This way, next calls to env_save() will restore the environment
	 * at the right place.
	 */
	if (best_prio >= 0)
		debug("Selecting environment with bad CRC\n");
	else
		best_prio = 0;

	gd->env_load_prio = best_prio;

	return -ENODEV;
}

./env/mmc.c:391:

U_BOOT_ENV_LOCATION(mmc) = {
    .location    = ENVL_MMC,
    ENV_NAME("MMC")
    .load        = env_mmc_load,
#ifndef CONFIG_SPL_BUILD
    .save        = env_save_ptr(env_mmc_save),
#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_ERASEENV)
    .erase        = env_mmc_erase,
#endif
#endif
};


static enum env_location env_locations[] = {
#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_EEPROM
	ENVL_EEPROM,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_EXT4
	ENVL_EXT4,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_FAT
	ENVL_FAT,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH
	ENVL_FLASH,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_MMC
	ENVL_MMC,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND
	ENVL_NAND,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NVRAM
	ENVL_NVRAM,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_REMOTE
	ENVL_REMOTE,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_SATA
	ENVL_ESATA,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_SPI_FLASH
	ENVL_SPI_FLASH,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_UBI
	ENVL_UBI,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_NOWHERE
	ENVL_NOWHERE,
#endif
};


#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET_REDUND
static int env_mmc_load(void)
{
#if !defined(ENV_IS_EMBEDDED)
	struct mmc *mmc;
	u32 offset1, offset2;
	int read1_fail = 0, read2_fail = 0;
	int ret;
	int dev = mmc_get_env_dev();
	const char *errmsg = NULL;

	ALLOC_CACHE_ALIGN_BUFFER(env_t, tmp_env1, 1);
	ALLOC_CACHE_ALIGN_BUFFER(env_t, tmp_env2, 1);

	mmc_initialize(NULL);

	mmc = find_mmc_device(dev);

	errmsg = init_mmc_for_env(mmc);
	if (errmsg) {
		ret = -EIO;
		goto err;
	}

	if (mmc_get_env_addr(mmc, 0, &offset1) ||
	    mmc_get_env_addr(mmc, 1, &offset2)) {
		ret = -EIO;
		goto fini;
	}

	read1_fail = read_env(mmc, CONFIG_ENV_SIZE, offset1, tmp_env1);
	read2_fail = read_env(mmc, CONFIG_ENV_SIZE, offset2, tmp_env2);

	ret = env_import_redund((char *)tmp_env1, read1_fail, (char *)tmp_env2,
				read2_fail, H_EXTERNAL);

fini:
	fini_mmc_for_env(mmc);
err:
	if (ret)
		env_set_default(errmsg, 0);

#endif
	return ret;
}


int env_import_redund(const char *buf1, int buf1_read_fail,
		      const char *buf2, int buf2_read_fail,
		      int flags)
{
	env_t *ep;
	int ret;

	ret = env_check_redund(buf1, buf1_read_fail, buf2, buf2_read_fail);

	if (ret == -EIO) {
		env_set_default("bad env area", 0);
		return -EIO;
	} else if (ret == -EINVAL) {
		return env_import((char *)buf1, 1, flags);
	} else if (ret == -ENOENT) {
		return env_import((char *)buf2, 1, flags);
	} else if (ret == -ENOMSG) {
		env_set_default("bad CRC", 0);
		return -ENOMSG;
	}

	if (gd->env_valid == ENV_VALID)
		ep = (env_t *)buf1;
	else
		ep = (env_t *)buf2;

	env_flags = ep->flags;

	return env_import((char *)ep, 0, flags);
}


int env_check_redund(const char *buf1, int buf1_read_fail,
		     const char *buf2, int buf2_read_fail)
{
	int crc1_ok, crc2_ok;
	env_t *tmp_env1, *tmp_env2;

	tmp_env1 = (env_t *)buf1;
	tmp_env2 = (env_t *)buf2;

	if (buf1_read_fail && buf2_read_fail) {
		puts("*** Error - No Valid Environment Area found\n");
	} else if (buf1_read_fail || buf2_read_fail) {
		puts("*** Warning - some problems detected ");
		puts("reading environment; recovered successfully\n");
	}

	if (buf1_read_fail && buf2_read_fail) {
		return -EIO;
	} else if (!buf1_read_fail && buf2_read_fail) {
		gd->env_valid = ENV_VALID;
		return -EINVAL;
	} else if (buf1_read_fail && !buf2_read_fail) {
		gd->env_valid = ENV_REDUND;
		return -ENOENT;
	}

	crc1_ok = crc32(0, tmp_env1->data, ENV_SIZE) ==
			tmp_env1->crc;
	crc2_ok = crc32(0, tmp_env2->data, ENV_SIZE) ==
			tmp_env2->crc;

	if (!crc1_ok && !crc2_ok) {
		return -ENOMSG; /* needed for env_load() */
	} else if (crc1_ok && !crc2_ok) {
		gd->env_valid = ENV_VALID;
	} else if (!crc1_ok && crc2_ok) {
		gd->env_valid = ENV_REDUND;
	} else {
		/* both ok - check serial */
		if (tmp_env1->flags == 255 && tmp_env2->flags == 0)
			gd->env_valid = ENV_REDUND;
		else if (tmp_env2->flags == 255 && tmp_env1->flags == 0)
			gd->env_valid = ENV_VALID;
		else if (tmp_env1->flags > tmp_env2->flags)
			gd->env_valid = ENV_VALID;
		else if (tmp_env2->flags > tmp_env1->flags)
			gd->env_valid = ENV_REDUND;
		else /* flags are equal - almost impossible */
			gd->env_valid = ENV_VALID;
	}

	return 0;
}


typedef struct environment_s {
	uint32_t	crc;		/* CRC32 over data bytes	*/
#ifdef CONFIG_SYS_REDUNDAND_ENVIRONMENT
	unsigned char	flags;		/* active/obsolete flags ENVF_REDUND_ */
#endif
	unsigned char	data[ENV_SIZE]; /* Environment data		*/
} env_t;