Java以DOM方式解析生成xml文件或字符串

测试： kagula

测试日期： 2016-7-18

测试环境： jdk 1.8.x

book.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<bookstore>
 <book category="cooking">
  <title lang="en">Everyday Italian</title>
  <author>Giada De Laurentiis</author>
  <year>2005</year>
  <price>30.00</price>
 </book>
 <book category="children">
  <title lang="en">Harry Potter</title>
  <author>J K. Rowling</author>
  <year>2005</year>
  <price>29.99</price>
 </book>
 <book category="web">
  <title lang="en">XQuery Kick Start</title>
  <author>James McGovern</author>
  <year>2003</year>
  <price>49.99</price>
 </book>
 <book category="web" cover="paperback">
  <title lang="en">Learning XML</title>
  <author>Erik T. Ray</author>
  <year>2003</year>
  <price>39.95</price>
 </book>
</bookstore>

java源文件

package testXML;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringReader;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.w3c.dom.Attr;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.w3c.dom.Text;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;

//http://www.jb51.net/article/62995.htm

public class testXML {
	public static void domFromFile()
	{
		try{
			File xmlFile = new File("d:/book.xml");
			DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();		    
			DocumentBuilder  builder = builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
			Document doc = builder.parse(xmlFile);
			doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();
			System.out.println("Root element: "+doc.getDocumentElement().getNodeName());
			
			NodeList nList = doc.getElementsByTagName("book");
			for(int i = 0 ; i<nList.getLength();i++){
			    Node node = nList.item(i);			     
			    System.out.println("Node name: "+ node.getNodeName());
			    Element ele = (Element)node;
			     
			    System.out.println("----------------------------");
			    if(node.getNodeType() == Element.ELEMENT_NODE){			     
			    System.out.println("book category: "+ ele.getAttribute("category"));			     
			    
			    System.out.println("title name: "+ ele.getElementsByTagName("title").item(0).getTextContent());			     
			    System.out.println("author name: "+ele.getElementsByTagName("author").item(0).getTextContent());			     
			    System.out.println("year :"       +ele.getElementsByTagName("year").item(0).getTextContent());			     
			    System.out.println("price : "     +ele.getElementsByTagName("price").item(0).getTextContent());
			     
			    System.out.println("-------------------------");			     
			    }
			}
		}catch(Exception ex)
		{
			ex.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static void domFromString()
	{
		String strXML = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"ISO-8859-1\"?><bookstore><book category=\"cooking\">  <title lang=\"en\">Everyday Italian</title>  <author>Giada De Laurentiis</author>  <year>2005</year>  <price>30.00</price> </book></bookstore>";
		
		DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();		
        try {
            DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
            StringReader sr = new StringReader(strXML);
            InputSource is = new InputSource(sr);
            Document doc = builder.parse(is);
         
        	doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();
			System.out.println("Root element: "+doc.getDocumentElement().getNodeName());
			
			NodeList nList = doc.getElementsByTagName("book");
			for(int i = 0 ; i<nList.getLength();i++){
			    Node node = nList.item(i);			     
			    System.out.println("Node name: "+ node.getNodeName());
			    Element ele = (Element)node;
			     
			    System.out.println("----------------------------");
			    if(node.getNodeType() == Element.ELEMENT_NODE){			     
			    System.out.println("book category: "+ ele.getAttribute("category"));			     
			    
			    System.out.println("title name: "+ ele.getElementsByTagName("title").item(0).getTextContent());			     
			    System.out.println("author name: "+ele.getElementsByTagName("author").item(0).getTextContent());			     
			    System.out.println("year :"       +ele.getElementsByTagName("year").item(0).getTextContent());			     
			    System.out.println("price : "     +ele.getElementsByTagName("price").item(0).getTextContent());
			     
			    System.out.println("-------------------------");			     
			    }
			}
		}catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        catch(Exception ex) {
        	ex.printStackTrace();
		}		
	}

	public static void dom2file()
	{
		DocumentBuilderFactory  dbf=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		try {
			DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
			Document doc=db.newDocument();
			
			Element eleBookstore=doc.createElement("bookstore");
			
			Element eleBook1=doc.createElement("book");
			Element eleBook2=doc.createElement("book");
			
			Attr attr1=doc.createAttribute("颜色");
			Attr attr2=doc.createAttribute("颜色");
			attr1.setNodeValue("天蓝");
			attr2.setNodeValue("橘色");
			
			Element eleName1=doc.createElement("name");
			Text nodeName1=doc.createTextNode("龙大哥");
			
			Element eleName2=doc.createElement("name");
			Text nodeName2=doc.createTextNode("龙大爷");
			
			Element eleGenre1=doc.createElement("genre");
			Text nodeSF=doc.createTextNode("科幻");
			
			Element eleGenre2=doc.createElement("genre");
			Text nodeRF=doc.createTextNode("言情");
	        
			doc.appendChild(eleBookstore);
			eleBookstore.appendChild(eleBook1);
			eleBook1.appendChild(eleName1);
			eleBook1.setAttributeNode(attr1);			
			eleName1.appendChild(nodeName1);
			eleBook1.appendChild(eleGenre1);
			eleGenre1.appendChild(nodeSF);
			
			eleBookstore.appendChild(eleBook2);
			eleBook2.appendChild(eleName2);
			eleBook2.setAttributeNode(attr2);
			eleName2.appendChild(nodeName2);
			eleBook2.appendChild(eleGenre2);
			eleGenre2.appendChild(nodeRF);
			
			//
			doc2file(doc);
			
			//System.out.println(write2string(doc));
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static void doc2file(Document doc)
	{
		try {
			TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
			Transformer transformer = tf.newTransformer();
			DOMSource source = new DOMSource(doc);
			transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "gb2312");
			transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
			
			PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new FileOutputStream("d://book2.xml"));
			StreamResult result = new StreamResult(pw);
			transformer.transform(source, result);
		} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		} catch (TransformerException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static String doc2string(Document doc)
	{
		TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer transformer = null;
		ByteArrayOutputStream outStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		try{
			transformer = tf.newTransformer();
			transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "gb2312");
			transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
			transformer.transform(new DOMSource(doc),new StreamResult(outStream));
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return outStream.toString();			  
	}
	
	
	
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		System.out.println("测试以DOM方式操作xml文件或字符串");
		//domFromFile();//测试从磁盘文件中读取
		domFromString();//测试从字符串中读取
		dom2file();//测试写入文件或字符串
	}
}