本文深入剖析虚幻引擎的材质基础，重点介绍UMaterial，它是材质编辑器中创建的uasset资源，影响网格在场景中的视觉效果。UMaterial继承自UMaterialInterface，包含SubsurfaceProfile、AssetUserData、LightmassSettings等关键数据。此外，文章还提及UMaterialInstance等相关概念。
9.2 材质基础
本章将分析材质涉及的基础概念和类型，阐述它们之间的基本关系和使用方法。
9.2.1 UMaterial
UMaterial是属于引擎层的概念，对应着我们在材质编辑器编辑的uasset资源文件，可以被应用到网格上，以便控制它在场景中的视觉效果。它继承自UMaterialInterface，它们的定义如下：
// Engine\Source\Runtime\Engine\Classes\Materials\MaterialInterface.h
// 材质的基础接口类, 定义了大量材质相关的数据和接口, 部分接口是空实现或未实现的接口.
class UMaterialInterface : public UObject, public IBlendableInterface, public IInterface_AssetUserData
{
// 次表面散射轮廓(配置)
class USubsurfaceProfile* SubsurfaceProfile;
// 当图元不再被用作父元素时进行跟踪的栅栏.
FRenderCommandFence ParentRefFence;
protected:
// Lightmass离线的GI设置.
struct FLightmassMaterialInterfaceSettings LightmassSettings;
// 纹理流数据.
TArray<FMaterialTextureInfo> TextureStreamingData;
// 存于此材质资源内的用户数据列表.
TArray<UAssetUserData*> AssetUserData;
private:
// 强制编译的目标Feature Level.
uint32 FeatureLevelsToForceCompile;
public:
//---- IInterface_AssetUserData接口 ----
virtual void AddAssetUserData(UAssetUserData* InUserData) override;
virtual void RemoveUserDataOfClass(TSubclassOf<UAssetUserData> InUserDataClass) override;
virtual UAssetUserData* GetAssetUserDataOfClass(TSubclassOf<UAssetUserData> InUserDataClass) override;
//---- IInterface_AssetUserData接口 ----
// 为所有材质编译的Featurelevel位域.
static uint32 FeatureLevelsForAllMaterials;
void SetFeatureLevelToCompile(ERHIFeatureLevel::Type FeatureLevel, bool bShouldCompile);
static void SetGlobalRequiredFeatureLevel(ERHIFeatureLevel::Type FeatureLevel, bool bShouldCompile);
//---- UObject接口 ----
virtual void BeginDestroy() override;
virtual bool IsReadyForFinishDestroy() override;
virtual void PostLoad() override;
virtual void PostDuplicate(bool bDuplicateForPIE) override;
virtual void PostCDOContruct() override;
//---- UObject接口 ----
//---- IBlendableInterface接口 ----
virtual void OverrideBlendableSettings(class FSceneView& View, float Weight) const override;
//---- IBlendableInterface接口 ----
// 沿着父链查找这个实例所在的基础材质.
UMaterial* GetBaseMaterial();
// 获取正在实例化的材质
virtual class UMaterial* GetMaterial() PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetMaterial,return NULL;);
virtual const class UMaterial* GetMaterial() const PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetMaterial,return NULL;);
// 获取正在实例化的材质(并发模式)
virtual const class UMaterial* GetMaterial_Concurrent(TMicRecursionGuard RecursionGuard = TMicRecursionGuard()) const PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetMaterial_Concurrent,return NULL;);
// 测试该材质是否依赖指定的材料.
virtual bool IsDependent(UMaterialInterface* TestDependency);
virtual bool IsDependent_Concurrent(UMaterialInterface* TestDependency, TMicRecursionGuard RecursionGuard = TMicRecursionGuard());
// 获取此材质对应的用于渲染的FMaterialRenderProxy实例.
virtual class FMaterialRenderProxy* GetRenderProxy() const PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetRenderProxy,return NULL;);
(......)
// 获取用于渲染此材质的纹理列表.
virtual void GetUsedTextures(TArray<UTexture*>& OutTextures, EMaterialQualityLevel::Type QualityLevel, bool bAllQualityLevels, ERHIFeatureLevel::Type FeatureLevel, bool bAllFeatureLevels) const
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetUsedTextures,);
// 获取用于渲染此材质的纹理列表和索引.
virtual void GetUsedTexturesAndIndices(TArray<UTexture*>& OutTextures, TArray< TArray<int32> >& OutIndices, EMaterialQualityLevel::Type QualityLevel, ERHIFeatureLevel::Type FeatureLevel) const;
// 覆盖指定的纹理.
virtual void OverrideTexture(const UTexture* InTextureToOverride, UTexture* OverrideTexture, ERHIFeatureLevel::Type InFeatureLevel) PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::OverrideTexture, return;);
// 覆盖给定参数的默认值(短暂的)
virtual void OverrideVectorParameterDefault(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo, const FLinearColor& Value, bool bOverride, ERHIFeatureLevel::Type FeatureLevel) PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::OverrideTexture, return;);
// 检测指定的材质标记, 如果存在就返回true.
virtual bool CheckMaterialUsage(const EMaterialUsage Usage) PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::CheckMaterialUsage,return false;);
virtual bool CheckMaterialUsage_Concurrent(const EMaterialUsage Usage) const PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::CheckMaterialUsage,return false;);
// 获取材质的渲染纹理, 需要指定FeatureLevel/QualityLevel.
virtual FMaterialResource* GetMaterialResource(ERHIFeatureLevel::Type InFeatureLevel, EMaterialQualityLevel::Type QualityLevel = EMaterialQualityLevel::Num);
// 获取组排序优先级.
virtual bool GetGroupSortPriority(const FString& InGroupName, int32& OutSortPriority) const
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetGroupSortPriority, return false;);
// 获取材质的各种类型的所有数据.
virtual void GetAllScalarParameterInfo(TArray<FMaterialParameterInfo>& OutParameterInfo, TArray<FGuid>& OutParameterIds) const
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetAllScalarParameterInfo,return;);
virtual void GetAllVectorParameterInfo(TArray<FMaterialParameterInfo>& OutParameterInfo, TArray<FGuid>& OutParameterIds) const
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetAllVectorParameterInfo,return;);
virtual void GetAllTextureParameterInfo(TArray<FMaterialParameterInfo>& OutParameterInfo, TArray<FGuid>& OutParameterIds) const
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetAllTextureParameterInfo,return;);
virtual void GetAllRuntimeVirtualTextureParameterInfo(TArray<FMaterialParameterInfo>& OutParameterInfo, TArray<FGuid>& OutParameterIds) const
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetAllRuntimeVirtualTextureParameterInfo, return;);
virtual void GetAllFontParameterInfo(TArray<FMaterialParameterInfo>& OutParameterInfo, TArray<FGuid>& OutParameterIds) const
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetAllFontParameterInfo,return;);
// 获取材质的各种类型的数据.
virtual bool GetScalarParameterDefaultValue(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo, float& OutValue, bool bOveriddenOnly = false, bool bCheckOwnedGlobalOverrides = false) const
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetScalarParameterDefaultValue,return false;);
virtual bool GetVectorParameterDefaultValue(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo, FLinearColor& OutValue, bool bOveriddenOnly = false, bool bCheckOwnedGlobalOverrides = false) const
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetVectorParameterDefaultValue,return false;);
virtual bool GetTextureParameterDefaultValue(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo, class UTexture*& OutValue, bool bCheckOwnedGlobalOverrides = false) const
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetTextureParameterDefaultValue,return false;);
virtual bool GetRuntimeVirtualTextureParameterDefaultValue(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo, class URuntimeVirtualTexture*& OutValue, bool bCheckOwnedGlobalOverrides = false) const
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetRuntimeVirtualTextureParameterDefaultValue, return false;);
virtual bool GetFontParameterDefaultValue(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo, class UFont*& OutFontValue, int32& OutFontPage, bool bCheckOwnedGlobalOverrides = false) const
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetFontParameterDefaultValue,return false;);
// 获取分层数据.
virtual int32 GetLayerParameterIndex(EMaterialParameterAssociation Association, UMaterialFunctionInterface * LayerFunction) const
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetLayerParameterIndex, return INDEX_NONE;);
// 获取由表达式引用的纹理，包括嵌套函数.
virtual TArrayView<UObject* const> GetReferencedTextures() const
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::GetReferencedTextures,return TArrayView<UObject* const>(););
// 保存shader稳定的键值.
virtual void SaveShaderStableKeysInner(const class ITargetPlatform* TP, const struct FStableShaderKeyAndValue& SaveKeyVal)
PURE_VIRTUAL(UMaterialInterface::SaveShaderStableKeysInner, );
// 获取材质参数信息.
FMaterialParameterInfo GetParameterInfo(EMaterialParameterAssociation Association, FName ParameterName, UMaterialFunctionInterface* LayerFunction) const;
// 获取材质关联标记.
ENGINE_API FMaterialRelevance GetRelevance(ERHIFeatureLevel::Type InFeatureLevel) const;
ENGINE_API FMaterialRelevance GetRelevance_Concurrent(ERHIFeatureLevel::Type InFeatureLevel) const;
#if !(UE_BUILD_SHIPPING || UE_BUILD_TEST)
// 记录材质和纹理.
ENGINE_API virtual void LogMaterialsAndTextures(FOutputDevice& Ar, int32 Indent) const {}
#endif
private:
int32 GetWidth() const;
int32 GetHeight() const;
// Lightmass接口.
const FGuid& GetLightingGuid() const;
void SetLightingGuid();
virtual void GetLightingGuidChain(bool bIncludeTextures, TArray<FGuid>& OutGuids) const;
virtual bool UpdateLightmassTextureTracking();
inline bool GetOverrideCastShadowAsMasked() const;
inline bool GetOverrideEmissiveBoost() const;
(......)
// 数据获取接口.
virtual bool GetScalarParameterValue(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo, float& OutValue, bool bOveriddenOnly = false) const;
virtual bool GetScalarCurveParameterValue(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo, FInterpCurveFloat& OutValue) const;
virtual bool GetVectorParameterValue(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo, FLinearColor& OutValue, bool bOveriddenOnly = false) const;
virtual bool GetVectorCurveParameterValue(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo, FInterpCurveVector& OutValue) const;
virtual bool GetLinearColorParameterValue(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo, FLinearColor& OutValue) const;
virtual bool GetLinearColorCurveParameterValue(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo, FInterpCurveLinearColor& OutValue) const;
virtual bool GetTextureParameterValue(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo, class UTexture*& OutValue, bool bOveriddenOnly = false) const;
virtual bool GetRuntimeVirtualTextureParameterValue(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo, class URuntimeVirtualTexture*& OutValue, bool bOveriddenOnly = false) const;
virtual bool GetFontParameterValue(const FHashedMaterialParameterInfo& ParameterInfo,class UFont*& OutFontValue, int32& OutFontPage, bool bOveriddenOnly = false) const;
virtual bool GetRefractionSettings(float& OutBiasValue) const;
// 访问基础材质的覆盖属性.
virtual float GetOpacityMaskClipValue() const;
virtual bool GetCastDynamicShadowAsMasked() const;
virtual EBlendMode GetBlendMode() const;
virtual FMaterialShadingModelField GetShadingModels() const;
virtual bool IsShadingModelFromMaterialExpression() const;
virtual bool IsTwoSided() const;
virtual bool IsDitheredLODTransition() const;
virtual bool IsTranslucencyWritingCustomDepth() const;
virtual bool IsTranslucencyWritingVelocity() const;
virtual bool IsMasked() const;
virtual bool IsDeferredDecal() const;
virtual USubsurfaceProfile* GetSubsurfaceProfile_Internal() const;
virtual bool CastsRayTracedShadows() const;
// 强制流系统忽略指定持续时间的正常逻辑，而总是加载此材质使用的所有纹理的所有mip级别.
virtual void SetForceMipLevelsToBeResident( bool OverrideForceMiplevelsToBeResident, bool bForceMiplevelsToBeResidentValue, float ForceDuration, int32 CinematicTextureGroups = 0, bool bFastResponse = false );
// 重新缓存所有材材质接口的统一表达式.
static void RecacheAllMaterialUniformExpressions(bool bRecreateUniformBuffer);
virtual void RecacheUniformExpressions(bool bRecreateUniformBuffer) const;
// 初始化所有的系统默认材质.
static void InitDefaultMaterials();
virtual bool IsPropertyActive(EMaterialProperty InProperty) const;
static uint32 GetFeatureLevelsToCompileForAllMaterials()
// 返回使用纹理坐标的数量，以及顶点数据是否在着色器图中使用.
void AnalyzeMaterialProperty(EMaterialProperty InProperty, int32& OutNumTextureCoordinates, bool& bOutRequiresVertexData);
// 遍历所有的FeatureLevel, 可以指定回调.
template <typename FunctionType>
static void IterateOverActiveFeatureLevels(FunctionType InHandler);
// 访问材质采样器类型的缓存的UEnum类型信息.
static UEnum* GetSamplerTypeEnum();
bool UseAnyStreamingTexture() const;
bool HasTextureStreamingData() const;
const TArray<FMaterialTextureInfo>& GetTextureStreamingData() const;
FORCEINLINE TArray<FMaterialTextureInfo>& GetTextureStreamingData();
// 纹理流接口.
bool FindTextureStreamingDataIndexRange(FName TextureName, int32& LowerIndex, int32& HigherIndex) const;
void SetTextureStreamingData(const TArray<FMaterialTextureInfo>& InTextureStreamingData);
// 返回纹理的比例(LocalSpace Unit / Texture), 用于纹理流矩阵.
virtual float GetTextureDensity(FName TextureName, const struct FMeshUVChannelInfo& UVChannelData) const;
// 预保存.
virtual void PreSave(const class ITargetPlatform* TargetPlatform) override;
// 按名称对纹理流数据进行排序，以加速搜索. 只在需要时排序.
void SortTextureStreamingData(bool bForceSort, bool bFinalSort);
protected:
uint32 GetFeatureLevelsToCompileForRendering() const;
void UpdateMaterialRenderProxy(FMaterialRenderProxy& Proxy);
private:
static void PostLoadDefaultMaterials();
// 材质采样器类型的缓存的UEnum类型信息.
static UEnum* SamplerTypeEnum;
};
// Engine\Source\Runtime\Engine\Classes\Materials\Material.h
// 材质类, 对应着一个材质资源文件.
class UMaterial : public UMaterialInterface
{
// 物理材质.
class UPhysicalMaterial* PhysMaterial;
class UPhysicalMaterialMask* PhysMaterialMask;
class UPhysicalMaterial* PhysicalMaterialMap[EPhysicalMaterialMaskColor::MAX];
// 材质属性.
FScalarMaterialInput Metallic;
FScalarMaterialInput Specular;
FScalarMaterialInput Anisotropy;
FVectorMaterialInput Normal;
FVectorMaterialInput Tangent;
FColorMaterialInput EmissiveColor;
#if WITH_EDITORONLY_DATA
// 透射.
FScalarMaterialInput Opacity;
FScalarMaterialInput OpacityMask;
#endif
TEnumAsByte<enum EMaterialDomain> MaterialDomain;
TEnumAsByte<enum EBlendMode> BlendMode;
TEnumAsByte<enum EDecalBlendMode> DecalBlendMode;
TEnumAsByte<enum EMaterialDecalResponse> MaterialDecalResponse;
TEnumAsByte<enum EMaterialShadingModel> ShadingModel;
UPROPERTY(AssetRegistrySearchable)
FMaterialShadingModelField ShadingModels;
public:
// 材质属性.
float OpacityMaskClipValue;
FVectorMaterialInput WorldPositionOffset;
FScalarMaterialInput Refraction;
FMaterialAttributesInput MaterialAttributes;
FScalarMaterialInput PixelDepthOffset;
FShadingModelMaterialInput ShadingModelFromMaterialExpression;
#if WITH_EDITORONLY_DATA
FVectorMaterialInput WorldDisplacement;
FScalarMaterialInput TessellationMultiplier;
FColorMaterialInput SubsurfaceColor;
FScalarMaterialInput ClearCoat;
FScalarMaterialInput ClearCoatRoughness;
FScalarMaterialInput AmbientOcclusion;
FVector2MaterialInput CustomizedUVs[8];
#endif
int32 NumCustomizedUVs;
// 材质标记.
uint8 bCastDynamicShadowAsMasked : 1;
uint8 bEnableSeparateTranslucency : 1;
uint8 bEnableResponsiveAA : 1;
uint8 bScreenSpaceReflections : 1;
uint8 bContactShadows : 1;
uint8 TwoSided : 1;
uint8 DitheredLODTransition : 1;
uint8 DitherOpacityMask : 1;
uint8 bAllowNegativeEmissiveColor : 1;
// 透明相关.
TEnumAsByte<enum ETranslucencyLightingMode> TranslucencyLightingMode;
uint8 bEnableMobileSeparateTranslucency : 1;
float TranslucencyDirectionalLightingIntensity;
float TranslucentShadowDensityScale;
float TranslucentSelfShadowDensityScale;
float TranslucentSelfShadowSecondDensityScale;
float TranslucentSelfShadowSecondOpacity;
float TranslucentBackscatteringExponent;
FLinearColor TranslucentMultipleScatteringExtinction;
float TranslucentShadowStartOffset;
// 使用标记.
uint8 bDisableDepthTest : 1;
uint8 bWriteOnlyAlpha : 1;
uint8 bGenerateSphericalParticleNormals : 1;
uint8 bTangentSpaceNormal : 1;
uint8 bUseEmissiveForDynamicAreaLighting : 1;
uint8 bBlockGI : 1;
uint8 bUsedAsSpecialEngineMaterial : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithSkeletalMesh : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithEditorCompositing : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithParticleSprites : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithBeamTrails : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithMeshParticles : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithNiagaraSprites : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithNiagaraRibbons : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithNiagaraMeshParticles : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithGeometryCache : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithStaticLighting : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithMorphTargets : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithSplineMeshes : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithInstancedStaticMeshes : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithGeometryCollections : 1;
uint8 bUsesDistortion : 1;
uint8 bUsedWithClothing : 1;
uint32 bUsedWithWater : 1;
uint32 bUsedWithHairStrands : 1;
uint32 bUsedWithLidarPointCloud : 1;
uint32 bUsedWithVirtualHeightfieldMesh : 1;
uint8 bAutomaticallySetUsageInEditor : 1;
uint8 bFullyRough : 1;
uint8 bUseFullPrecision : 1;
uint8 bUseLightmapDirectionality : 1;
uint8 bUseAlphaToCoverage : 1;
uint32 bForwardRenderUsePreintegratedGFForSimpleIBL : 1;
uint8 bUseHQForwardReflections : 1;
uint8 bUsePlanarForwardReflections : 1;
// 根据屏幕空间法向变化降低粗糙度.
uint8 bNormalCurvatureToRoughness : 1;
uint8 AllowTranslucentCustomDepthWrites : 1;
uint8 Wireframe : 1;
// 着色频率.
TEnumAsByte<EMaterialShadingRate> ShadingRate;
uint8 bCanMaskedBeAssumedOpaque : 1;
uint8 bIsPreviewMaterial : 1;
uint8 bIsFunctionPreviewMaterial : 1;
uint8 bUseMaterialAttributes : 1;
uint8 bCastRayTracedShadows : 1;
uint8 bUseTranslucencyVertexFog : 1;
uint8 bApplyCloudFogging : 1;
uint8 bIsSky : 1;
uint8 bComputeFogPerPixel : 1;
uint8 bOutputTranslucentVelocity : 1;
uint8 bAllowDevelopmentShaderCompile : 1;
uint8 bIsMaterialEditorStatsMaterial : 1;
TEnumAsByte<enum EBlendableLocation> BlendableLocation;
uint8 BlendableOutputAlpha : 1;
uint8 bEnableStencilTest : 1;
TEnumAsByte<EMaterialStencilCompare> StencilCompare;
uint8 StencilRefValue = 0;
TEnumAsByte<enum ERefractionMode> RefractionMode;
int32 BlendablePriority;
uint8 bIsBlendable : 1;
uint32 UsageFlagWarnings;
float RefractionDepthBias;
FGuid StateId;
float MaxDisplacement;
// 当渲染器需要获取参数值时，代表这个材质到渲染器的FMaterialRenderProxy衍生物.
class FDefaultMaterialInstance* DefaultMaterialInstance;
#if WITH_EDITORONLY_DATA
// 编辑器参数.
TMap<FName, TArray<UMaterialExpression*> > EditorParameters;
// 材质图. 编辑器模型下的数据.
class UMaterialGraph* MaterialGraph;
#endif
private:
// 从地盘序列化而来的内联材质资源. 由游戏线程的PostLoad处理.
TArray<FMaterialResource> LoadedMaterialResources;
// 用于渲染材质的资源列表.
TArray<FMaterialResource*> MaterialResources;
#if WITH_EDITOR
// 正在缓存或烘焙的材质资源.
TMap<const class ITargetPlatform*, TArray<FMaterialResource*>> CachedMaterialResourcesForCooking;
#endif
// 用于保证在清理之前使用此UMaterial中的各种资源完成RT的标志.
FThreadSafeBool ReleasedByRT;
FMaterialCachedExpressionData CachedExpressionData;
public:
//~ Begin UMaterialInterface Interface.
virtual UMaterial* GetMaterial() override;
virtual const UMaterial* GetMaterial() const override;
virtual const UMaterial* GetMaterial_Concurrent(TMicRecursionGuard RecursionGuard = TMicRecursionGuard()) const override;
virtual bool GetScalarParameterValue(...) const override;
(......)
void SetShadingModel(EMaterialShadingModel NewModel);
virtual bool IsPropertyActive(EMaterialProperty InProperty) const override;
//~ End UMaterialInterface Interface.
//~ Begin UObject Interface
virtual void PreSave(const class ITargetPlatform* TargetPlatform) override;
virtual void PostInitProperties() override;
virtual void Serialize(FArchive& Ar) override;
virtual void PostDuplicate(bool bDuplicateForPIE) override;
virtual void PostLoad() override;
virtual void BeginDestroy() override;
virtual bool IsReadyForFinishDestroy() override;
virtual void FinishDestroy() override;
virtual void GetResourceSizeEx(FResourceSizeEx& CumulativeResourceSize) override;
static void AddReferencedObjects(UObject* InThis, FReferenceCollector& Collector);
virtual bool CanBeClusterRoot() const override;
virtual void GetAssetRegistryTags(TArray<FAssetRegistryTag>& OutTags) const override;
//~ End UObject Interface
// 数据获取接口.
bool IsDefaultMaterial() const;
void ReleaseResources();
bool IsUsageFlagDirty(EMaterialUsage Usage);
bool IsCompilingOrHadCompileError(ERHIFeatureLevel::Type InFeatureLevel);
(......)
private:
// 新版的获取材质数据接口.
bool GetScalarParameterValue_New(...) const;
bool GetVectorParameterValue_New(...) const;
bool GetTextureParameterValue_New(...) const;
bool GetRuntimeVirtualTextureParameterValue_New(...) const;
bool GetFontParameterValue_New(...) const;
FString GetUsageName(const EMaterialUsage Usage) const;
bool GetUsageByFlag(const EMaterialUsage Usage) const;
bool SetMaterialUsage(bool &bNeedsRecompile, const EMaterialUsage Usage);
(......)
private:
virtual void FlushResourceShaderMaps();
// 缓冲资源或数据.
void CacheResourceShadersForRendering(bool bRegenerateId);
void CacheResourceShadersForCooking(...);
void CacheShadersForResources(...);
public:
// 静态工具箱或操作接口.
static UMaterial* GetDefaultMaterial(EMaterialDomain Domain);
static void UpdateMaterialShaders(...);
static void BackupMaterialShadersToMemory(...);
static void RestoreMaterialShadersFromMemory(...);
static void CompileMaterialsForRemoteRecompile(...);
static bool GetExpressionParameterName(const UMaterialExpression* Expression, FName& OutName);
static bool CopyExpressionParameters(UMaterialExpression* Source, UMaterialExpression* Destination);
static bool IsParameter(const UMaterialExpression* Expression);
static bool IsDynamicParameter(const UMaterialExpression* Expression);
static const TCHAR* GetMaterialShadingModelString(EMaterialShadingModel InMaterialShadingModel);
static EMaterialShadingModel GetMaterialShadingModelFromString(const TCHAR* InMaterialShadingModelStr);
static const TCHAR* GetBlendModeString(EBlendMode InBlendMode);
static EBlendMode GetBlendModeFromString(const TCHAR* InBlendModeStr);
virtual TArrayView<UObject* const> GetReferencedTextures() const override final;
(......)
};
UMaterialInterface是个基础的抽象类，定义了一组通用的材质属性和接口。UMaterialInterface声明的主要数据有：
- USubsurfaceProfile* SubsurfaceProfile：次表面散射轮廓，常用于皮肤、玉石等材质。
- TArray<UAssetUserData*> AssetUserData：用户数据，可以存多个数据。
- FLightmassMaterialInterfaceSettings LightmassSettings：离线GI数据。
- TArray TextureStreamingData：纹理流数据。
UMaterialInterface的子类不止UMaterial，还有UMaterialInstance（后面又解析）。
https://www.cnblogs.com/scrm/p/15079994.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/scrm/p/15094896.html
https://weibo.com/ttarticle/p/show?id=2309404666137043665024
https://tieba.baidu.com/p/7476873168
https://www.meipian.cn/3qilsj32?share_depth=1
https://xueqiu.com/4824316523/193026747
https://blog.csdn.net/yunkeyi/article/details/119351829
https://www.im286.net/thread-24272505-1.html
https://blog.51cto.com/weixincrm/3257925
https://itbbs.pconline.com.cn/soft/54653054.html
https://www.acfun.cn/a/ac30503510
https://www.cnblogs.com/scrm/p/15107953.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/scrm/p/15108531.html
UMaterial定义了材质所需的所有数据和操作接口，并负责打通其它关联类型的链接。它的核心数据有：
- TArray<FMaterialResource*> MaterialResources：材质渲染资源，一个材质可以拥有多个渲染资源实例。
- FDefaultMaterialInstance* DefaultMaterialInstance：默认的材质渲染代理，继承自FMaterialRenderProxy。
- UPhysicalMaterial* PhysMaterial：物理材质。
- TArray LoadedMaterialResources：已经加载的材质资源，通常由游戏线程从磁盘加载并序列化而来。
- 材质的各种属性和标记。
其中FMaterialResource是渲染材质的资源，属于渲染层的类型和数据，后面会有章节解析。
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