这是一个专门的编程语言/编译器速度测试/对比网站(http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/)给出的题目,
以下是EF源代码:
import 工具;
//n-body
public final class 启动类 <作者 = "liigo">
{
public static main() {
int n = 20000000;
int time = 运行环境.取启动时间();
NBodySystem bodies = new NBodySystem();
控制台.输出行(bodies.energy());
for (int i=0; i<n; i++)
bodies.advance(0.01);
控制台.输出行(bodies.energy());
控制台.输出行("time(ms): ", 运行环境.取启动时间() - time);
控制台.输入文本();
}
}
final class NBodySystem {
private Body[] bodies;
public init(){
bodies = new Body[5];
bodies[0] = Body.sun();
bodies[1] = Body.jupiter();
bodies[2] = Body.saturn();
bodies[3] = Body.uranus();
bodies[4] = Body.neptune();
double px = 0.0;
double py = 0.0;
double pz = 0.0;
for(int i=0; i < bodies.长度; i++) {
px += bodies[i].vx * bodies[i].mass;
py += bodies[i].vy * bodies[i].mass;
pz += bodies[i].vz * bodies[i].mass;
}
bodies[0].offsetMomentum(px,py,pz);
}
public advance(double dt) {
for(int i=0; i < bodies.长度; i++) {
Body iBody = bodies[i];
for(int j=i+1; j < bodies.长度; j++) {
double dx = iBody.x - bodies[j].x;
double dy = iBody.y - bodies[j].y;
double dz = iBody.z - bodies[j].z;
double dSquared = dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz;
double distance = 数学运算.求平方根(dSquared);
double mag = dt / (dSquared * distance);
iBody.vx -= dx * bodies[j].mass * mag;
iBody.vy -= dy * bodies[j].mass * mag;
iBody.vz -= dz * bodies[j].mass * mag;
bodies[j].vx += dx * iBody.mass * mag;
bodies[j].vy += dy * iBody.mass * mag;
bodies[j].vz += dz * iBody.mass * mag;
}
}
foreach (bodies, Body body) {
body.x += dt * body.vx;
body.y += dt * body.vy;
body.z += dt * body.vz;
}
}
public double energy(){
double dx, dy, dz, distance;
double e = 0.0;
for (int i=0; i < bodies.长度; i++) {
Body iBody = bodies[i];
e += 0.5 * iBody.mass *
( iBody.vx * iBody.vx
+ iBody.vy * iBody.vy
+ iBody.vz * iBody.vz );
for (int j=i+1; j < bodies.长度; j++) {
Body jBody = bodies[j];
dx = iBody.x - jBody.x;
dy = iBody.y - jBody.y;
dz = iBody.z - jBody.z;
distance = 数学运算.求平方根(dx*dx + dy*dy + dz*dz);
e -= (iBody.mass * jBody.mass) / distance;
}
}
return e;
}
}
final class Body {
const double PI = 3.141592653589793;
const double SOLAR_MASS = 4 * PI * PI;
const double DAYS_PER_YEAR = 365.24;
public double x, y, z, vx, vy, vz, mass;
public init(){}
public static Body jupiter(){
Body p = new Body();
p.x = 4.84143144246472090e+00;
p.y = -1.16032004402742839e+00;
p.z = -1.03622044471123109e-01;
p.vx = 1.66007664274403694e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR;
p.vy = 7.69901118419740425e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR;
p.vz = -6.90460016972063023e-05 * DAYS_PER_YEAR;
p.mass = 9.54791938424326609e-04 * SOLAR_MASS;
return p;
}
public static Body saturn(){
Body p = new Body();
p.x = 8.34336671824457987e+00;
p.y = 4.12479856412430479e+00;
p.z = -4.03523417114321381e-01;
p.vx = -2.76742510726862411e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR;
p.vy = 4.99852801234917238e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR;
p.vz = 2.30417297573763929e-05 * DAYS_PER_YEAR;
p.mass = 2.85885980666130812e-04 * SOLAR_MASS;
return p;
}
public static Body uranus(){
Body p = new Body();
p.x = 1.28943695621391310e+01;
p.y = -1.51111514016986312e+01;
p.z = -2.23307578892655734e-01;
p.vx = 2.96460137564761618e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR;
p.vy = 2.37847173959480950e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR;
p.vz = -2.96589568540237556e-05 * DAYS_PER_YEAR;
p.mass = 4.36624404335156298e-05 * SOLAR_MASS;
return p;
}
public static Body neptune(){
Body p = new Body();
p.x = 1.53796971148509165e+01;
p.y = -2.59193146099879641e+01;
p.z = 1.79258772950371181e-01;
p.vx = 2.68067772490389322e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR;
p.vy = 1.62824170038242295e-03 * DAYS_PER_YEAR;
p.vz = -9.51592254519715870e-05 * DAYS_PER_YEAR;
p.mass = 5.15138902046611451e-05 * SOLAR_MASS;
return p;
}
public static Body sun(){
Body p = new Body();
p.mass = SOLAR_MASS;
return p;
}
public Body offsetMomentum(double px, double py, double pz){
vx = -px / SOLAR_MASS;
vy = -py / SOLAR_MASS;
vz = -pz / SOLAR_MASS;
return this;
}
}
这个EF程序,在我的机器上,运行耗时约 165 秒。相应的VC6最佳优化后运行耗时约 15 秒。
其它编程语言/编译器的表现,请看这里:http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/gp4/benchmark.php?test=nbody&lang=all
总的来说,EF表现不坏。比不少编程语言(如C++, JAVA, C#, D, Fortran, Pascal)慢很多,又比另外不少编程语言(如Erlang, Python, Ruby, Perl, PHP, Lua, Groovy, SmallTalk, JavaScript)快很多。
进一步分析的话:EF作为编译型语言,通常比其它编译型语言都慢(毕竟EF编译器尚未优化),最多慢10倍以上;EF通常比解释型语言都要快,往往快数倍、数十倍,以至上百倍。
还有很多测试题目,有时间再继续。想了解EF语言,请到EF官方博客:http://blog.csdn.net/efdev/