Centos7源码安装的nginx平滑升级

本次把nginx-1.8.1升级到最新稳定版nginx-1.16.1
1、升级
#查看nginx进程

[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef |grep nginx
root      13422      1  0 11:37 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody    13423  13422  0 11:37 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      13741    999  0 11:37 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

#更改配置文件为4个工作进程，然后重载配置文件

[root@localhost ~]#sed -i /worker_processes/s/1/4/g /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@localhost ~]# !ps
ps -ef |grep nginx
root      13422      1  0 11:37 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody    18873  13422  0 11:42 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    18874  13422  0 11:42 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    18875  13422  0 11:42 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    18876  13422  0 11:42 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      18958    999  0 11:42 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

#备份老nginx的二进制文件

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
[root@localhost sbin]# ll
总用量 3272
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3350032 2月  28 11:36 nginx
[root@localhost sbin]# cp nginx nginx.old

#查看老nginx的版本号及编译安装信息

[root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.8.1
[root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.8.1
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39) (GCC) 
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module

#下载新版本安装包，执行预编译和编译。切记不可执行make install，否则会清空配置文件

root@localhost ~]# tar zxf nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz 
[root@localhost ~]# ll
总用量 1836
-rw-------. 1 root root    1291 7月  23 2019 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 8 1001 1001     158 4月  23 2019 nginx-1.16.0
-r--------. 1 root root 1032345 4月  30 2019 nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 9 1001 1001     186 2月  28 11:34 nginx-1.8.1
-r--------. 1 root root  833473 2月  28 11:29 nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     177 2月  27 14:36 web.yml
[root@localhost ~]# cd nginx-1.16.0
[root@localhost nginx-1.16.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module
[root@localhost nginx-1.16.0]# make

#拷贝新nginx的二进制文件到原sbin目录下

[root@localhost nginx-1.16.0]# cp objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/ -f
cp：是否覆盖"/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"？ y
[root@localhost sbin]# ll
总用量 7044
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3858992 2月  28 11:53 nginx
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3350032 2月  28 11:55 nginx.old
[root@localhost sbin]# ps -ef |grep nginx
root      13422      1  0 11:37 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody    18873  13422  0 11:42 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    18874  13422  0 11:42 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    18875  13422  0 11:42 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    18876  13422  0 11:42 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      35837    999  0 11:56 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

#对nginx进行热部署，平滑升级nginx，给nginx发送一个信号，告诉nginx我们要开始进行热部署了

[root@localhost sbin]# kill -USR2 13422
[root@localhost sbin]# ps -ef |grep nginx
root      13422      1  0 11:37 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody    18873  13422  0 11:42 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    18874  13422  0 11:42 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    18875  13422  0 11:42 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    18876  13422  0 11:42 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      38136  13422  0 11:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody    38137  38136  0 11:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    38138  38136  0 11:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    38139  38136  0 11:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    38140  38136  0 11:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      38560    999  0 11:58 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

#nginx会启动一个新的nginx master进程，新的master进程是使用新版本的nginx二进制文件启动的，而老的worker进程也在运行，新的master进程会启动新的worker进程
#向老的nginx进程发送一个信号，让老master进程优雅的关闭老的worker进程

[root@localhost sbin]# kill -WINCH 13422
[root@localhost sbin]# ps -ef |grep nginx
root      13422      1  0 11:37 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root      38136  13422  0 11:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody    38137  38136  0 11:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    38138  38136  0 11:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    38139  38136  0 11:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody    38140  38136  0 11:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      45316    999  0 12:05 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

#可以看到，老的worker进程已经关闭了，新的访问请求由新的worker进程进行处理，但是可以看到老的master进程还存在，建议保留，以备版本回退
#验证nginx是否升级成功

[root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.16.0

#此时，nginx-1.8.1已经平滑升级到了最新稳定版nginx-1.16.0