C#字符串对称加密

  大家好，我是阿赵。
  这里分享个C#对称加密字符串的方法。
  所谓的对称加密，意思是把原字符串通过秘钥，加密成另外一串字符串，然后可以通过秘钥还原回原字符串。

  这种方法是基于Base64的，加密方法如下：

  	/// <summary>
    /// 加密字符串
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="str">需要加密的字符串</param>
    /// <param name="encryptKey">加密key，长度4</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    static public string Encrypt(string str, string encryptKey)
    {
        if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(str))
        {
            return str;
        }
        encryptKey = CheckEncryptKeyString(encryptKey,4);
        DESCryptoServiceProvider descsp = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();   //实例化加/解密类对象   

        byte[] key = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(encryptKey); //定义字节数组，用来存储密钥    

        byte[] data = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(str);//定义字节数组，用来存储要加密的字符串  

        MemoryStream MStream = new MemoryStream(); //实例化内存流对象      

        //使用内存流实例化加密流对象   
        CryptoStream CStream = new CryptoStream(MStream, descsp.CreateEncryptor(key, key), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

        CStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);  //向加密流中写入数据      

        CStream.FlushFinalBlock();              //释放加密流      

        return Convert.ToBase64String(MStream.ToArray());//返回加密后的字符串  
    }

  这个方法支持加密key长度为4，如果长度不是4将会报错，所以这里加了一个检查key长度的方法，传入的长度是4，如果不够4，则补空格，如果超过4，则只取4个字符：

		static public string CheckEncryptKeyString(string str,int len)
        {
            if(str.Length == len)
            {
                return str;
            }
            if(str.Length>len)
            {
                return str.Substring(0, len);
            }
            else
            {
                string newstr = str + new string(' ', len - str.Length);
                return newstr;
            }
        }

  下面是解密的方法：

		/// <summary>  
        /// 解密字符串   
        /// </summary>  
        /// <param name="str">要解密的字符串</param>  
        /// <returns>解密后的字符串</returns>  
        static public string Decrypt(string str, string encryptKey)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(str))
            {
                return str;
            }
            encryptKey = CheckEncryptKeyString(encryptKey,4);
            DESCryptoServiceProvider descsp = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();   //实例化加/解密类对象    

            byte[] key = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(encryptKey); //定义字节数组，用来存储密钥    

            byte[] data = Convert.FromBase64String(str);//定义字节数组，用来存储要解密的字符串  

            MemoryStream MStream = new MemoryStream(); //实例化内存流对象      

            //使用内存流实例化解密流对象       
            CryptoStream CStream = new CryptoStream(MStream, descsp.CreateDecryptor(key, key), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

            CStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);      //向解密流中写入数据     

            CStream.FlushFinalBlock();               //释放解密流      

            return Encoding.Unicode.GetString(MStream.ToArray());       //返回解密后的字符串  
        }

  第二种方法是在第一种方法的基础上做了一些修改，可以支持8位长度的秘钥：

/// <summary>
/// DES加密字符串
/// </summary>
/// <param name="encryptString">待加密的字符串</param>
/// <param name="encryptKey">加密密钥,要求为8位</param>
/// <returns>加密成功返回加密后的字符串，失败返回null</returns>
public static string EncryptDES(string encryptString, string encryptKey)
{
    try
    {
        encryptKey = CheckEncryptKeyString(encryptKey, 8);
        byte[] rgbKey = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(encryptKey);
        byte[] rgbIV = rgbKey;
        byte[] inputByteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(encryptString);
        DESCryptoServiceProvider dCSP = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
        MemoryStream mStream = new MemoryStream();
        CryptoStream cStream = new CryptoStream(mStream, dCSP.CreateEncryptor(rgbKey, rgbIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write);
        cStream.Write(inputByteArray, 0, inputByteArray.Length);
        cStream.FlushFinalBlock();
        StringBuilder ret = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (byte b in mStream.ToArray())
        {
            ret.AppendFormat("{0:X2}", b);
        }
        ret.ToString();
        return ret.ToString();
    }
    catch
    {
        return null;
    }
}

  由于秘钥长度一定要是8位，不然会报错，所以还是继续用刚才判断的方法CheckEncryptKeyString，这次传入长度8。
  下面是解密方法：

/// <summary>
/// DES解密字符串
/// </summary>
/// <param name="decryptString">待解密的字符串</param>
/// <param name="decryptKey">解密密钥,要求为8位,和加密密钥相同</param>
/// <returns>解密成功返回解密后的字符串，失败返回null</returns>
public static string DecryptDES(string decryptString, string decryptKey)
{
    try
    {
        decryptKey = CheckEncryptKeyString(decryptKey, 8);
        byte[] rgbKey = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(decryptKey);
        byte[] rgbIV = rgbKey;
        byte[] inputByteArray = new byte[decryptString.Length / 2];
        for (int x = 0; x < decryptString.Length / 2; x++)
        {
            int i = (Convert.ToInt32(decryptString.Substring(x * 2, 2), 16));
            inputByteArray[x] = (byte)i;
        }
        DESCryptoServiceProvider DCSP = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
        MemoryStream mStream = new MemoryStream();
        CryptoStream cStream = new CryptoStream(mStream, DCSP.CreateDecryptor(rgbKey, rgbIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write);
        cStream.Write(inputByteArray, 0, inputByteArray.Length);
        cStream.FlushFinalBlock();
        return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(mStream.ToArray());
    }
    catch(Exception ex)
    {
        return null;
    }
}