温度控制的PID算法的C语言程序

#include<reg51.h>
<pre id="best-content-316112829" class="best-text mb-10" name="code" style="white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; background-color: rgb(241, 254, 221);">#include<<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=intrins.h&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">intrins.h</a>> 
#include<<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=math.h&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">math.h</a>> 
#include<<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=string.h&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">string.h</a>> 
<strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">struct PID { 
<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=unsigned%20int&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(51, 102, 153); text-decoration: none;">unsigned int</a> SetPoint; // 设定目标 Desired Value 
<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=unsigned%20int&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(51, 102, 153); text-decoration: none;">unsigned int</a> Proportion; // 比例常数 Proportional Const 
<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=unsigned%20int&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(51, 102, 153); text-decoration: none;">unsigned int</a> Integral; // 积分常数 Integral Const 
unsigned int Derivative; // <a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E5%BE%AE%E5%88%86&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(51, 102, 153); text-decoration: none;">微分</a>常数 Derivative Const 
unsigned int LastError; // Error[-1] 
unsigned int PrevError; // Error[-2] 
unsigned int SumError; // Sums of Errors 
}; </span></strong>
struct PID spid; // PID Control Structure 
unsigned int rout; // PID Response (Output) 
unsigned int rin; // PID Feedback (Input) 
sbit data1=P1^0; 
sbit clk=P1^1; 
sbit plus=P2^0; 
sbit subs=P2^1; 
sbit stop=P2^2; 
sbit output=P3^4; 
sbit DQ=P3^3; 
unsigned char flag,flag_1=0; 
unsigned char high_time,low_time,count=0;//<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E5%8D%A0%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%94&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">占空比</a><a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E8%B0%83%E8%8A%82%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">调节参数</a> 
unsigned char set_temper=35; 
unsigned char temper; 
unsigned char i; 
unsigned char j=0; 
unsigned int s; 
/*********************************************************** 
延时子程序,延时时间以12M<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E6%99%B6%E6%8C%AF&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">晶振</a>为准,延时时间为30us×time 
***********************************************************/ 
void delay(unsigned char time) 
{ 
unsigned char m,n; 
for(n=0;n<time;n++) 
for(m=0;m<2;m++){} 
} 
/*********************************************************** 
写一位数据子程序 
***********************************************************/ 
void write_bit(unsigned char bitval) 
{ 
EA=0; 
DQ=0; /*拉低DQ以开始一个写<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E6%97%B6%E5%BA%8F&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">时序</a>*/ 
if(bitval==1) 
{ 
_nop_(); 
DQ=1; /*如要写1,则将总线置高*/ 
} 
delay(5); /*延时90us供DA18B20采样*/ 
DQ=1; /*释放DQ总线*/ 
_nop_(); 
_nop_(); 
EA=1; 
} 
/*********************************************************** 
写一字节数据子程序 
***********************************************************/ 
void write_byte(unsigned char val) 
{ 
unsigned char i; 
unsigned char temp; 
EA=0;           /*关中断*/
TR0=0; 
for(i=0;i<8;i++) /*写一字节数据,一次写一位*/ 
{ 
temp=val>>i; /*移<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E4%BD%8D%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">位操作</a>,将本次要写的位移到最<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E4%BD%8E%E4%BD%8D&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">低位</a>*/ 
temp=temp&1; 
write_bit(temp); /*向总线写该位*/ 
} 
delay(7); /*延时120us后*/ 
// TR0=1; 
EA=1; /*开中断*/
} 
/*********************************************************** 
读一位数据子程序 
***********************************************************/ 
unsigned char read_bit() 
{ 
unsigned char i,value_bit; 
EA=0; 
DQ=0; /*拉低DQ,开始读<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E6%97%B6%E5%BA%8F&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">时序</a>*/ 
_nop_(); 
_nop_(); 
DQ=1; /*释放总线*/ 
for(i=0;i<2;i++){} 
value_bit=DQ; 
EA=1; 
return(value_bit); 
} 
/*********************************************************** 
读一字节数据子程序 
***********************************************************/ 
unsigned char read_byte() 
{ 
unsigned char i,value=0; 
EA=0; 
for(i=0;i<8;i++) 
{ 
if(read_bit()) /*读一字节数据,一个<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E6%97%B6%E5%BA%8F&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">时序</a>中读一次,并作移位处理*/ 
value|=0x01<<i; 
delay(4); /*延时80us以完成此次都时序,之后再读下一数据*/ 
} 
EA=1; 
return(value); 
} 
/*********************************************************** 
复位子程序 
***********************************************************/ 
unsigned char <a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=reset&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">reset</a>() 
{ 
unsigned char presence; 
EA=0; 
DQ=0; /*拉低DQ总线开始复位*/ 
delay(30); /*保持<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E4%BD%8E%E7%94%B5%E5%B9%B3&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">低电平</a>480us*/ 
DQ=1; /*释放总线*/ 
delay(3); 
presence=DQ; /*获取应答信号*/ 
delay(28); /*延时以完成整个时序*/ 
EA=1; 
return(presence); /*返回应答信号,有芯片应答返回0,无芯片则返回1*/ 
} 
/*********************************************************** 
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);"><strong>获取温度子程序 
***********************************************************/ 
void get_temper() 
{ 
unsigned char i,j; 
do 
{ 
i=<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=reset&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(51, 102, 153); text-decoration: none;">reset</a>(); /*复位*/ 
}while(i!=0); /*1为无反馈信号*/ 
i=0xcc; /*发送设备定位命令*/ 
write_byte(i); 
i=0x44; /*发送开始转换命令*/ 
write_byte(i); 
delay(180); /*延时*/ 
do 
{ 
i=<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=reset&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(51, 102, 153); text-decoration: none;">reset</a>(); /*复位*/ 
}while(i!=0); 
i=0xcc; /*设备定位*/ 
write_byte(i); 
i=0xbe; /*读出<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E7%BC%93%E5%86%B2%E5%8C%BA&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(51, 102, 153); text-decoration: none;">缓冲区</a>内容*/ 
write_byte(i); 
j=read_byte(); 
i=read_byte(); 
i=(i<<4)&0x7f; 
s=(unsigned int)(j&0x0f); 
s=(s*100)/16; 
j=j>>4; 
temper=i|j; /*获取的温度放在temper中*/ 
} 
/*==================================================================================================== 
Initialize PID Structure 
=====================================================================================================*/ 
void PIDInit (struct PID *pp) 
{ 
<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=memset&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(51, 102, 153); text-decoration: none;">memset</a> ( pp,0,sizeof(struct PID)); 
} </strong></span>
/*==================================================================================================== 
<span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"><strong>PID计算部分 
=====================================================================================================*/ 
unsigned int PIDCalc( struct PID *pp, unsigned int NextPoint ) 
{ 
unsigned int dError,Error; 
Error = pp->SetPoint - NextPoint; // 偏差 
pp->SumError += Error; // 积分 
dError = pp->LastError - pp->PrevError; // 当前<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E5%BE%AE%E5%88%86&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(51, 102, 153); text-decoration: none;">微分</a> 
pp->PrevError = pp->LastError; 
pp->LastError = Error; 
return (pp->Proportion * Error//比例
+ pp->Integral * pp->SumError  //积分项
+ pp->Derivative * dError); //   <a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E5%BE%AE%E5%88%86&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(51, 102, 153); text-decoration: none;">微分</a>项 
} </strong></span>
<strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">/*********************************************************** 
温度比较处理子程序 
***********************************************************/ 
compare_temper() 
{ 
unsigned char i; 
if(set_temper>temper) 
{ 
if(set_temper-temper>1) 
{ 
high_time=100; 
low_time=0; 
} 
else 
{ 
for(i=0;i<10;i++) 
{ get_temper(); 
rin = s; // Read Input 
rout = PIDCalc ( &spid,rin ); // Perform PID Interation 
} 
if (high_time<=100) 
high_time=(unsigned char)(rout/800); 
else 
high_time=100; 
low_time= (100-high_time); 
} 
} 
else if(set_temper<=temper) 
{ 
if(temper-set_temper>0) 
{ 
high_time=0; 
low_time=100; 
} 
else 
{ 
for(i=0;i<10;i++) 
{ get_temper(); 
rin = s; // Read Input 
rout = PIDCalc ( &spid,rin ); // Perform PID Interation 
} 
if (high_time<100) 
high_time=(unsigned char)(rout/10000); 
else 
high_time=0; 
low_time= (100-high_time); 
} 
} 
// else 
// {} 
} 
/***************************************************** 
T0中断服务子程序,用于控制电平的翻转 ,40us*100=4ms周期 
******************************************************/ 
void serve_T0() interrupt 1 using 1 
{ 
if(++count<=(high_time)) 
output=1; 
else if(count<=100) 
{ 
output=0; 
} 
else 
count=0; 
TH0=0x2f; 
TL0=0xe0; 
} </span></strong>
/***************************************************** 
<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E4%B8%B2%E8%A1%8C%E5%8F%A3&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">串行口</a><a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%AD%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">中断服务程序</a>,用于<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E4%B8%8A%E4%BD%8D%E6%9C%BA&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">上位机</a>通讯 
******************************************************/ 
void serve_sio() interrupt 4 using 2 
{ 
/* EA=0; 
RI=0; 
i=SBUF; 
if(i==2) 
{ 
while(RI==0){} 
RI=0; 
set_temper=SBUF; 
SBUF=0x02; 
while(TI==0){} 
TI=0; 
} 
else if(i==3) 
{ 
TI=0; 
SBUF=temper; 
while(TI==0){} 
TI=0; 
} 
EA=1; */ 
} 
void disp_1(unsigned char disp_num1[6]) 
{ 
unsigned char n,a,m; 
for(n=0;n<6;n++) 
{ 
// k=disp_num1[n]; 
for(a=0;a<8;a++) 
{ 
clk=0; 
m=(disp_num1[n]&1); 
disp_num1[n]=disp_num1[n]>>1; 
if(m==1) 
data1=1; 
else 
data1=0; 
_nop_(); 
clk=1; 
_nop_(); 
} 
} 
} 
/***************************************************** 
显示子程序 
功能:将<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E5%8D%A0%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%94&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">占空比</a>温度转化为单个字符,显示<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E5%8D%A0%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%94&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">占空比</a>和测得到的温度 
******************************************************/ 
void <a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=display()&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">display()</a>() 
{ 
unsigned char code number[]={0xfc,0x60,0xda,0xf2,0x66,0xb6,0xbe,0xe0,0xfe,0xf6}; 
unsigned char disp_num[6]; 
unsigned int k,k1; 
k=high_time; 
k=k%1000; 
k1=k/100; 
if(k1==0) 
disp_num[0]=0; 
else 
disp_num[0]=0x60; 
k=k%100; 
disp_num[1]=number[k/10]; 
disp_num[2]=number[k%10]; 
k=temper; 
k=k%100; 
disp_num[3]=number[k/10]; 
disp_num[4]=number[k%10]+1; 
disp_num[5]=number[s/10]; 
disp_1(disp_num); 
} 
/*********************************************************** 
主程序 
***********************************************************/ 
main() 
{ 
unsigned char z; 
unsigned char a,b,flag_2=1,count1=0; 
unsigned char phil[]={2,0xce,0x6e,0x60,0x1c,2}; 
TMOD=0x21; 
TH0=0x2f; 
TL0=0x40; 
SCON=0x50; 
PCON=0x00; 
TH1=0xfd; 
TL1=0xfd; 
PS=1; 
EA=1; 
EX1=0; 
ET0=1; 
ES=1; 
TR0=1; 
TR1=1; 
high_time=50; 
low_time=50; 
PIDInit ( &spid ); // Initialize Structure 
spid.Proportion = 10; // Set PID Coefficients 
spid.Integral = 8; 
spid.Derivative =6; 
spid.SetPoint = 100; // Set PID Setpoint 
while(1) 
{ 
if(plus==0) 
{ 
EA=0; 
for(a=0;a<5;a++) 
for(b=0;b<102;b++){} 
if(plus==0) 
{ 
set_temper++; 
flag=0; 
} 
} 
else if(subs==0) 
{ 
for(a=0;a<5;a++) 
for(b=0;a<102;b++){} 
if(subs==0) 
{ 
set_temper--; 
flag=0; 
} 
} 
else if(stop==0) 
{ 
for(a=0;a<5;a++) 
for(b=0;b<102;b++){} 
if(stop==0) 
{ 
flag=0; 
break; 
} 
EA=1; 
} 
get_temper(); 
b=temper; 
if(flag_2==1) 
a=b; 
if((abs(a-b))>5) 
temper=a; 
else 
temper=b; 
a=temper; 
flag_2=0; 
if(++count1>30) 
{ 
<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=display()&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">display()</a>(); 
count1=0; 
} 
compare_temper(); 
} 
TR0=0; 
z=1; 
while(1) 
{ 
EA=0; 
if(stop==0) 
{ 
for(a=0;a<5;a++) 
for(b=0;b<102;b++){} 
if(stop==0) 
disp_1(phil); 
// break; 
} 
EA=1; 
} 
} 
//DS18b20 子程序
#include <REG52.H>
sbit DQ=P2^1;              //定义端口

<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=typedef&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">typedef</a> unsigned char  byte;
<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=typedef&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">typedef</a> unsigned int   word;
                             //延时
void delay(word useconds)
{
   for(;useconds>0;useconds--);
}
                             //复位
byte ow_reset(void)
{
  byte presence;
  DQ=0;                     //DQ<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E4%BD%8E%E7%94%B5%E5%B9%B3&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">低电平</a>
  delay(29);                //480us
  DQ=1;                     //DQ<a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=%E9%AB%98%E7%94%B5%E5%B9%B3&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">高电平</a>
  delay(3);                 //等待
  presence=DQ;             //presence信号
  delay(25);
  return(presence);
}                          //0允许,1禁止
                           //从1-wire  总线上读取一个字节
byte read_byte(viod)
{
   byte i;
   byte value=0;
   for (i=8;i>0;i--)
   {
     value>>=1;
     DQ=0;
     DQ=1;
     delay(1);
     
     if(DQ)value|=0x80;
     delay(6);
    }
    return(value);
}

                              //向1-wire总线上写一个字节
void write_byte(char val)
{ 
  byte  i;
  for (i=8;i>0;i--)           //一次写一个字节
  {
   DQ=0;
   DQ=val&0x01;
   delay(5);
   DQ=1;
   val=val/2;
  }
   delay(5);
 }
                              //读取温度

char Read_Temperature(void)
{
   <a target=_blank target="_blank" class="inner-link decor-none" href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=union&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(45, 100, 179); text-decoration: none;">union</a>{
      byte c[2];
      int x;
   }temp;

   ow_reset();
   write_byte(0xcc);
   write_byte(0xBE);
   temp.c[1]=read_byte();
   temp.c[0]=read_byte();
   ow_reset();
   write_byte(0xCC);
   write_byte(0x44);
   return  temp.x/2;
}
 
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