Description
定义三个类:Shape、Circle和Square,其中Shape为抽象类,包括:
用于记录Shape类及其子类对象(即图形)个数的静态数据成员。
构造函数与析构函数。
获得图形个数的静态成员函数 static int getNumOfShapes(),以及
求图形面积的纯虚函数getArea()。
类Circle是Shape类的子类,包括:
用于记录Circle类对象(即圆)个数的静态数据成员。
表示半径的double类型数据成员。
构造函数和析构函数。
重写的基类函数getArea(),用于求圆的面积,其中圆周率取值为3.14。
用于获得圆个数的静态成员函数static int getNumOfCircles()。
类Square也是Shape类的子类,包括:
用于记录Square类对象(即正方形)个数的静态数据成员。
表示边长的double类型数据成员。
构造函数和析构函数。
重写的基类函数getArea(),用于求正方形的面积。
用于获得正方形个数的静态成员函数static int getNumOfSquares()。
注意:所有用于记录个数的静态成员只增不减。
Input
第1行N>0,表示有N个测试用例。
每个测试用例分2部分:第1部分是1个字符C或者S,表示产生一个圆或者正方形;第2部分是一个实数,是圆的半径或正方形的边长。
Output
见样例。
其中面积输出2位小数。
Sample Input
2
C 1.1
S 2.34
Sample Output
numOfShapes = 0, numOfCircles = 0, numOfSquares = 0
A shape is created!
A circle is created!
Area = 3.80
A circle is erased!
A shape is erased!
A shape is created!
A square is created!
Area = 5.48
A square is erased!
A shape is erased!
numOfShapes = 2, numOfCircles = 1, numOfSquares = 1
HINT
Append Code
int main()
{
int cases;
char type;
double data;
Shape *shape;
cin>>cases;
cout<<"numOfShapes = "<<Shape::getNumOfShapes();
cout<<", numOfCircles = "<<Circle::getNumOfCircles();
cout<<", numOfSquares = "<<Square::getNumOfSquares()<<endl;
for (int i = 0; i < cases; i++)
{
cin>>type>>data;
switch(type)
{
case 'C':
shape = new Circle(data);
break;
case 'S':
shape = new Square(data);
break;
}
cout<<"Area = "<<setprecision(2)<<fixed<<shape->getArea()<<endl;
delete shape;
}
cout<<"numOfShapes = "<<Shape::getNumOfShapes();
cout<<", numOfCircles = "<<Circle::getNumOfCircles();
cout<<", numOfSquares = "<<Square::getNumOfSquares()<<endl;
}
Accepted Code
/**
* OJ 作业九
* 2020年6月5日07:55:51
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
class Shape {
protected:
static int numShape;
public:
Shape() {
numShape++;
cout << "A shape is created!\n";
}
virtual ~Shape() { cout << "A shape is erased!\n"; }
static int getNumOfShapes() { return numShape; }
virtual double getArea() = 0;
};
int Shape::numShape = 0;
class Circle : public Shape {
static int numCircle;
double rid;
public:
Circle(double r = 0) : rid(r) {
numCircle++;
cout << "A circle is created!\n";
}
~Circle() { cout << "A circle is erased!\n"; }
double getArea() {
return 3.14 * rid * rid;
}
static int getNumOfCircles() { return numCircle; }
};
int Circle::numCircle = 0;
class Square : public Shape {
static int numSquare;
double length;
public:
Square(double l = 0) : length(l) {
numSquare++;
cout << "A square is created!\n";
}
~Square() { cout << "A square is erased!\n"; }
double getArea() {
return length * length;
}
static int getNumOfSquares() { return numSquare; }
};
int Square::numSquare = 0;