preface
在使用是视频播放器时， 很少再有人用鼠标去操作暂停、推出这样简单的操作，低效还麻烦， 大家都会用键盘来搞定，比如空格=暂停/继续， ESC=退出。那么如果用SDL实现的播放器是怎么检测哪个键按下去了呢？大家可以直接看代码示例， 前面都是铺垫
按键检测基础
EVENT基础
event类型
稍微有编程经验的朋友都知道event， 也就是事件。在各种通讯/通信中会经常提到。对SDL图形库来说， Event就更加重要了，因为需要用户交互， 所以每一个用户的动作， 都是一个事件。SDL定义了很多的事件类型。有兴趣的看一眼， 没兴趣的跳过， SDL_EVENT如下：
typedef enum
{
SDL_FIRSTEVENT = 0, /**< Unused (do not remove) */
/* Application events */
SDL_QUIT = 0x100, /**< User-requested quit */
/* These application events have special meaning on iOS, see README-ios.md for details */
SDL_APP_TERMINATING, /**< The application is being terminated by the OS
Called on iOS in applicationWillTerminate()
Called on Android in onDestroy()
*/
SDL_APP_LOWMEMORY, /**< The application is low on memory, free memory if possible.
Called on iOS in applicationDidReceiveMemoryWarning()
Called on Android in onLowMemory()
*/
SDL_APP_WILLENTERBACKGROUND, /**< The application is about to enter the background
Called on iOS in applicationWillResignActive()
Called on Android in onPause()
*/
SDL_APP_DIDENTERBACKGROUND, /**< The application did enter the background and may not get CPU for some time
Called on iOS in applicationDidEnterBackground()
Called on Android in onPause()
*/
SDL_APP_WILLENTERFOREGROUND, /**< The application is about to enter the foreground
Called on iOS in applicationWillEnterForeground()
Called on Android in onResume()
*/
SDL_APP_DIDENTERFOREGROUND, /**< The application is now interactive
Called on iOS in applicationDidBecomeActive()
Called on Android in onResume()
*/
/* Display events */
SDL_DISPLAYEVENT = 0x150, /**< Display state change */
/* Window events */
SDL_WINDOWEVENT = 0x200, /**< Window state change */
SDL_SYSWMEVENT, /**< System specific event */
/* Keyboard events */
SDL_KEYDOWN = 0x300, /**< Key pressed */
SDL_KEYUP, /**< Key released */
SDL_TEXTEDITING, /**< Keyboard text editing (composition) */
SDL_TEXTINPUT, /**< Keyboard text input */
SDL_KEYMAPCHANGED, /**< Keymap changed due to a system event such as an
input language or keyboard layout change.
*/
/* Mouse events */
SDL_MOUSEMOTION = 0x400, /**< Mouse moved */
SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN, /**< Mouse button pressed */
SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP, /**< Mouse button released */
SDL_MOUSEWHEEL, /**< Mouse wheel motion */
/* Joystick events */
SDL_JOYAXISMOTION = 0x600, /**< Joystick axis motion */
SDL_JOYBALLMOTION, /**< Joystick trackball motion */
SDL_JOYHATMOTION, /**< Joystick hat position change */
SDL_JOYBUTTONDOWN, /**< Joystick button pressed */
SDL_JOYBUTTONUP, /**< Joystick button released */
SDL_JOYDEVICEADDED, /**< A new joystick has been inserted into the system */
SDL_JOYDEVICEREMOVED, /**< An opened joystick has been removed */
/* Game controller events */
SDL_CONTROLLERAXISMOTION = 0x650, /**< Game controller axis motion */
SDL_CONTROLLERBUTTONDOWN, /**< Game controller button pressed */
SDL_CONTROLLERBUTTONUP, /**< Game controller button released */
SDL_CONTROLLERDEVICEADDED, /**< A new Game controller has been inserted into the system */
SDL_CONTROLLERDEVICEREMOVED, /**< An opened Game controller has been removed */
SDL_CONTROLLERDEVICEREMAPPED, /**< The controller mapping was updated */
/* Touch events */
SDL_FINGERDOWN = 0x700,
SDL_FINGERUP,
SDL_FINGERMOTION,
/* Gesture events */
SDL_DOLLARGESTURE = 0x800,
SDL_DOLLARRECORD,
SDL_MULTIGESTURE,
/* Clipboard events */
SDL_CLIPBOARDUPDATE = 0x900, /**< The clipboard changed */
/* Drag and drop events */
SDL_DROPFILE = 0x1000, /**< The system requests a file open */
SDL_DROPTEXT, /**< text/plain drag-and-drop event */
SDL_DROPBEGIN, /**< A new set of drops is beginning (NULL filename) */
SDL_DROPCOMPLETE, /**< Current set of drops is now complete (NULL filename) */
/* Audio hotplug events */
SDL_AUDIODEVICEADDED = 0x1100, /**< A new audio device is available */
SDL_AUDIODEVICEREMOVED, /**< An audio device has been removed. */
/* Sensor events */
SDL_SENSORUPDATE = 0x1200, /**< A sensor was updated */
/* Render events */
SDL_RENDER_TARGETS_RESET = 0x2000, /**< The render targets have been reset and their contents need to be updated */
SDL_RENDER_DEVICE_RESET, /**< The device has been reset and all textures need to be recreated */
/** Events ::SDL_USEREVENT through ::SDL_LASTEVENT are for your use,
* and should be allocated with SDL_RegisterEvents()
*/
SDL_USEREVENT = 0x8000,
/**
* This last event is only for bounding internal arrays
*/
SDL_LASTEVENT = 0xFFFF
} SDL_EventType;
event结构体
typedef union SDL_Event
{
Uint32 type; /**< Event type, shared with all events */
SDL_CommonEvent common; /**< Common event data */
SDL_DisplayEvent display; /**< Window event data */
SDL_WindowEvent window; /**< Window event data */
SDL_KeyboardEvent key; /**< Keyboard event data */
SDL_TextEditingEvent edit; /**< Text editing event data */
SDL_TextInputEvent text; /**< Text input event data */
SDL_MouseMotionEvent motion; /**< Mouse motion event data */
SDL_MouseButtonEvent button; /**< Mouse button event data */
SDL_MouseWheelEvent wheel; /**< Mouse wheel event data */
SDL_JoyAxisEvent jaxis; /**< Joystick axis event data */
SDL_JoyBallEvent jball; /**< Joystick ball event data */
SDL_JoyHatEvent jhat; /**< Joystick hat event data */
SDL_JoyButtonEvent jbutton; /**< Joystick button event data */
SDL_JoyDeviceEvent jdevice; /**< Joystick device change event data */
SDL_ControllerAxisEvent caxis; /**< Game Controller axis event data */
SDL_ControllerButtonEvent cbutton; /**< Game Controller button event data */
SDL_ControllerDeviceEvent cdevice; /**< Game Controller device event data */
SDL_AudioDeviceEvent adevice; /**< Audio device event data */
SDL_SensorEvent sensor; /**< Sensor event data */
SDL_QuitEvent quit; /**< Quit request event data */
SDL_UserEvent user; /**< Custom event data */
SDL_SysWMEvent syswm; /**< System dependent window event data */
SDL_TouchFingerEvent tfinger; /**< Touch finger event data */
SDL_MultiGestureEvent mgesture; /**< Gesture event data */
SDL_DollarGestureEvent dgesture; /**< Gesture event data */
SDL_DropEvent drop; /**< Drag and drop event data */
/* This is necessary for ABI compatibility between Visual C++ and GCC
Visual C++ will respect the push pack pragma and use 52 bytes for
this structure, and GCC will use the alignment of the largest datatype
within the union, which is 8 bytes.
So... we'll add padding to force the size to be 56 bytes for both.
*/
Uint8 padding[56];
} SDL_Event;
我们看到， SDL_Event 最重要的就是 type 和具体的哪一类事件。SDL_KeyboardEvent 就是我们的目标， 如下图， sym 就是代表具体的哪一个按键， 是一个int类型。
在SDL中表示各一个按键是用一个enum的数指类表示的，有兴趣的可以看一下源码，这个enum实在是太大了， 就不贴出来了。
代码示例：
#include <iostream>
#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
#undef main
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int rst = 0;
SDL_Window *window = nullptr;
SDL_Event event;
int screen_w= 1280;
int screen_h= 720;
rst = SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO);
if (rst != 0) {
SDL_Log("rst = %d\n", rst);
return -1;
}
window = SDL_CreateWindow("hello", 30, 30, screen_w, screen_h, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN|SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL|SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE);
if (window == nullptr) {
SDL_Log("create window failed\n");
goto _QUIT_SDL;
}
while (1) {
SDL_WaitEvent(&event);
if (event.type == SDL_KEYUP) {
if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_SPACE) {
SDL_Log("scpace key has pressed\n");
} else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_ESCAPE) {
SDL_Log("ESC is pressed , it will exit \n");
break;
}
}
}
SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
_QUIT_SDL:
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}
示例结果
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