opencv 像素值的读写

 一.基于数组的下标形式

void Demo::visit_demo(Mat& img)
{
	int w = img.cols;//宽度
	int h = img.rows;//高度
	int dim = img.channels();//通道数
	for (int row = 0; row < h; row++)
	{
		for (int col = 0; col < w; col++)
		{
			if (dim == 1)
			{
				uchar pv = img.at<uchar>(row, col);
				img.at <uchar>(row, col) = 255 - pv;
			}
			if (dim == 3)
			{
				Vec3b bgr = img.at<Vec3b>(row, col);//
				img.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = 255 - bgr[0];//第0个通道
				img.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = 255 - bgr[1];//第1个通道
				img.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = 255 - bgr[2];//第2个通道
			}
		}
	}
	imshow("图像显示", img);
}

1. at()函数

函数at()用于读取矩阵中的某个像素，或者对某个像素进行赋值操作。

//读取一个GRAY的像素值(CV_8UC1)
Scalar intensity=img.at<uchar>(y,x);
//或者
Scalar intensity=img.at<uchar>(Point(y,x));

//读取一个RGB图像的像素值
Vec3f intensity=img.at<Vec3f>(y,x);
float blue=intensity.val[0];
float green=intensity.val[1];
float red=intensity.val[2];

2.灰度图像的读取

uchar value = grayim.at<uchar>(i,j);//读出第 i 行第 j 列像素值
grayim.at<uchar>(i,j)=128; //将第 i 行第 j 列像素值设置为 128

3.RGB三通道图像 

image.at<Vec3b>(y,x)[0]=128;//blue
image.at<Vec3b>(y,x)[1]=128;//green
image.at<Vec3b>(y,x)[2]=128;//red

二.基于指针

void Demo::visit_demo(Mat& image)
{
    int w = image.cols;
    int h = image.rows;
    int dims = image.channels();
    for (int row = 0; row < image.rows; row++)
    {
        uchar* current_row = image.ptr<uchar>(row);
        for (int col = 0; col < image.cols; col++)
        {
            if (dims == 1) {//灰度图像
                *current_row++ = 255 - *current_row;
            }
            if (dims == 3) {//获取彩色
                *current_row++ = 255 - *current_row;//获取像素点的值
                *current_row++ = 255 - *current_row;
                *current_row++ = 255 - *current_row;
    
            }
        }
    }
    imshow("像素的读写", image);
}