文章内容来源于狄泰软件学院唐老师C++课程课件
一、被忽视的细节
是否可以将继承语句中的public换成protected或者private?如果可以与public继承有什么区别?
实例分析:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;
class Parent
{
};
class Child_A:public Parent
{
};
class Child_B:protected Parent
{
};
class Child_C:private Parent
{
};
int main()
{
return 0;
}
编译通过
实例分析:继承与访问级别深度实践
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Parent
{
protected:
int m_a;
protected:
int m_b;
public:
int m_c;
void set(int a, int b, int c)
{
m_a = a;
m_b = b;
m_c = c;
}
};
class Child_A : public Parent
{
public:
void print()
{
cout << "m_a" << m_a << endl;
cout << "m_b" << m_b << endl;
cout << "m_c" << m_c << endl;
}
};
class Child_B : protected Parent
{
public:
void print()
{
cout << "m_a" << m_a << endl;
cout << "m_b" << m_b << endl;
cout << "m_c" << m_c << endl;
}
};
class Child_C : private Parent
{
public:
void print()
{
cout << "m_a" << m_a << endl;
cout << "m_b" << m_b << endl;
cout << "m_c" << m_c << endl;//private继承要于private成员在类外面不能访问区分
}
};
int main()
{
Child_A a;
Child_B b;
Child_C c;
a.m_c = 100;
/b.m_c = 100; // Child_B 保护继承自 Parent, 所以所有的 public 成员全部变成了 protected 成员, 因此外界无法访问
/c.m_c = 100; // Child_C 私有继承自 Parent, 所以所有的成员全部变成了 private 成员, 因此外界无法访问
// a.set(1, 1, 1);
// b.set(2, 2, 2);
// c.set(3, 3, 3);
a.print();
b.print();
c.print();
return 0;
}
一般而言,C++工程项目中只使用public继承
C++的派生语言只支持一种继承方式(public继承)
protected和private继承带来的复杂性远大于实用性