pandas3: Pandas基本操作

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-14 23:16:05 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-14 23:16:05 发布

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import pandas as pd
persons = pd.DataFrame({
    'Name':['Rosaline Franklin','William Gosset'],
    'Occupation':['Chemist','Statistician'],
    'Born':['1920-07-25','1876-06-13'],
    'Died':['1958-04-16','1937-10-16'],
    'Age':[37,61]},columns=['Occupation','Born','Died','Age'],index=['Rosaline Franklin','William Gosset'])
print(persons)

                     Occupation        Born        Died  Age
Rosaline Franklin       Chemist  1920-07-25  1958-04-16   37
William Gosset     Statistician  1876-06-13  1937-10-16   61

first_row = persons.loc['Rosaline Franklin']

1.Serial基本操作

1.1Serial属性

print(type(first_row))
print(first_row)
print(first_row.index)
print(first_row.keys())
print(first_row.values)
print(first_row.index[0])

<class 'pandas.core.series.Series'>
Occupation       Chemist
Born          1920-07-25
Died          1958-04-16
Age                   37
Name: Rosaline Franklin, dtype: object
Index(['Occupation', 'Born', 'Died', 'Age'], dtype='object')
Index(['Occupation', 'Born', 'Died', 'Age'], dtype='object')
['Chemist' '1920-07-25' '1958-04-16' 37]
Occupation

1.2Serial方法

import pandas as pd
import matplotlib as plt
persons = pd.DataFrame({
    'Name':['Rosaline Franklin','William Gosset'],
    'Occupation':['Chemist','Statistician'],
    'Born':['1920-07-25','1876-06-13'],
    'Died':['1958-04-16','1937-10-16'],
    'Age':[37,61]},columns=['Occupation','Born','Died','Age'],index=['Rosaline Franklin','William Gosset'])
print(persons)

                     Occupation        Born        Died  Age
Rosaline Franklin       Chemist  1920-07-25  1958-04-16   37
William Gosset     Statistician  1876-06-13  1937-10-16   61

ages = persons['Age']

print(type(ages))
print(ages)
print(ages.mean())
print(ages.std())
print(ages.min())
print(ages.max())
print(ages.sort_values(ascending=False))
print("***"*8)
print(ages.append(ages))

<class 'pandas.core.series.Series'>
Rosaline Franklin    37
William Gosset       61
Name: Age, dtype: int64
49.0
16.97056274847714
37
61
William Gosset       61
Rosaline Franklin    37
Name: Age, dtype: int64
************************
Rosaline Franklin    37
William Gosset       61
Rosaline Franklin    37
William Gosset       61
Name: Age, dtype: int64

ages.hist()

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x7f742b86f290>

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-OSDrhLdn-1594802176944)(output_8_1.png)]

1.3Serial 过滤条件

import pandas as pd
scientists = pd.read_csv('./data/scientists.csv')

ages = scientists['Age']
print(ages)

0    37
1    61
2    90
3    66
4    56
5    45
6    41
7    77
Name: Age, dtype: int64

print(ages.describe())

count     8.000000
mean     59.125000
std      18.325918
min      37.000000
25%      44.000000
50%      58.500000
75%      68.750000
max      90.000000
Name: Age, dtype: float64

print(ages[ages > ages.mean()])
print(ages > ages.mean())
print(type(ages > ages.mean()))

1    61
2    90
3    66
7    77
Name: Age, dtype: int64
0    False
1     True
2     True
3     True
4    False
5    False
6    False
7     True
Name: Age, dtype: bool
<class 'pandas.core.series.Series'>

print(ages[[True,True,True,False,False,True,True,True]])

0    37
1    61
2    90
5    45
6    41
7    77
Name: Age, dtype: int64

1.4Serial 向量操作

import pandas as pd
scientists = pd.read_csv('./data/scientists.csv')
ages = scientists['Age']
print(ages)

0    37
1    61
2    90
3    66
4    56
5    45
6    41
7    77
Name: Age, dtype: int64

print(ages+ages)

0     74
1    122
2    180
3    132
4    112
5     90
6     82
7    154
Name: Age, dtype: int64

print(ages*ages)

0    1369
1    3721
2    8100
3    4356
4    3136
5    2025
6    1681
7    5929
Name: Age, dtype: int64

print(ages+100)

0    137
1    161
2    190
3    166
4    156
5    145
6    141
7    177
Name: Age, dtype: int64

print(ages+pd.Series([1,100]))

0     38.0
1    161.0
2      NaN
3      NaN
4      NaN
5      NaN
6      NaN
7      NaN
dtype: float64

import numpy as np
#print(ages + np.array([1,2,3])) # error

2.DataFrame基本操作

2.1DataFrame的条件过滤

import pandas as pd
scientists = pd.read_csv('./data/scientists.csv')

print(scientists)

                   Name        Born        Died  Age          Occupation
0     Rosaline Franklin  1920-07-25  1958-04-16   37             Chemist
1        William Gosset  1876-06-13  1937-10-16   61        Statistician
2  Florence Nightingale  1820-05-12  1910-08-13   90               Nurse
3           Marie Curie  1867-11-07  1934-07-04   66             Chemist
4         Rachel Carson  1907-05-27  1964-04-14   56           Biologist
5             John Snow  1813-03-15  1858-06-16   45           Physician
6           Alan Turing  1912-06-23  1954-06-07   41  Computer Scientist
7          Johann Gauss  1777-04-30  1855-02-23   77       Mathematician

print(scientists[scientists['Age'] > scientists['Age'].mean()])

                   Name        Born        Died  Age     Occupation
1        William Gosset  1876-06-13  1937-10-16   61   Statistician
2  Florence Nightingale  1820-05-12  1910-08-13   90          Nurse
3           Marie Curie  1867-11-07  1934-07-04   66        Chemist
7          Johann Gauss  1777-04-30  1855-02-23   77  Mathematician

print(scientists.loc[[True,True,0,1]])

                Name        Born        Died  Age    Occupation
1     William Gosset  1876-06-13  1937-10-16   61  Statistician
1     William Gosset  1876-06-13  1937-10-16   61  Statistician
0  Rosaline Franklin  1920-07-25  1958-04-16   37       Chemist
1     William Gosset  1876-06-13  1937-10-16   61  Statistician

print(scientists.iloc[[1,3,4]])

             Name        Born        Died  Age    Occupation
1  William Gosset  1876-06-13  1937-10-16   61  Statistician
3     Marie Curie  1867-11-07  1934-07-04   66       Chemist
4   Rachel Carson  1907-05-27  1964-04-14   56     Biologist

print(scientists[['Age','Name']][scientists['Age'] > scientists['Age'].mean()])

   Age                  Name
1   61        William Gosset
2   90  Florence Nightingale
3   66           Marie Curie
7   77          Johann Gauss

print(scientists[['Age','Name']][scientists['Age'] > scientists['Age'].mean()].iloc[[1,2]])

   Age                  Name
2   90  Florence Nightingale
3   66           Marie Curie

2.2DataFrame的向量操作

import pandas as pd
d1 = pd.DataFrame({
    'a':[1,2],
    'b':[4,5]
})
d2 = pd.DataFrame({
    'a':[4,5],
    'b':[1,2]
})
print(d1)
print(d2)

print(d1+d2)

   a  b
0  5  5
1  7  7

print(d1*d2)

    a   b
0   4   4
1  10  10

print(d1**d2)

    a   b
0   1   4
1  32  25

2.3向DataFrame添加列

import pandas as pd
scientists = pd.read_csv('./data/scientists.csv')
print(scientists)

                   Name        Born        Died  Age          Occupation
0     Rosaline Franklin  1920-07-25  1958-04-16   37             Chemist
1        William Gosset  1876-06-13  1937-10-16   61        Statistician
2  Florence Nightingale  1820-05-12  1910-08-13   90               Nurse
3           Marie Curie  1867-11-07  1934-07-04   66             Chemist
4         Rachel Carson  1907-05-27  1964-04-14   56           Biologist
5             John Snow  1813-03-15  1858-06-16   45           Physician
6           Alan Turing  1912-06-23  1954-06-07   41  Computer Scientist
7          Johann Gauss  1777-04-30  1855-02-23   77       Mathematician

print(scientists['Born'].dtype)
print(scientists['Died'].dtype)

object
object

born_datetime = pd.to_datetime(scientists['Born'],format='%Y-%m-%d')
died_datetime = pd.to_datetime(scientists['Died'],format='%Y-%m-%d')
print(type(born_datetime))

<class 'pandas.core.series.Series'>

scientists['born_dt'],scientists['died_dt'] = (born_datetime,died_datetime)


print(scientists['born_dt'].dtype)
scientists.head()

datetime64[ns]

	Name	Born	Died	Age	Occupation	born_dt	died_dt
0	Rosaline Franklin	1920-07-25	1958-04-16	37	Chemist	1920-07-25	1958-04-16
1	William Gosset	1876-06-13	1937-10-16	61	Statistician	1876-06-13	1937-10-16
2	Florence Nightingale	1820-05-12	1910-08-13	90	Nurse	1820-05-12	1910-08-13
3	Marie Curie	1867-11-07	1934-07-04	66	Chemist	1867-11-07	1934-07-04
4	Rachel Carson	1907-05-27	1964-04-14	56	Biologist	1907-05-27	1964-04-14

2.4直接修改DataFrame的值

import pandas as pd
scientists = pd.read_csv('./data/scientists.csv')
print(scientists)

                   Name        Born        Died  Age          Occupation
0     Rosaline Franklin  1920-07-25  1958-04-16   37             Chemist
1        William Gosset  1876-06-13  1937-10-16   61        Statistician
2  Florence Nightingale  1820-05-12  1910-08-13   90               Nurse
3           Marie Curie  1867-11-07  1934-07-04   66             Chemist
4         Rachel Carson  1907-05-27  1964-04-14   56           Biologist
5             John Snow  1813-03-15  1858-06-16   45           Physician
6           Alan Turing  1912-06-23  1954-06-07   41  Computer Scientist
7          Johann Gauss  1777-04-30  1855-02-23   77       Mathematician

import random
ageList = [random.randint(30,100) for i in range(8)]

scientists['Age'] = ageList

print(scientists)

                   Name        Born        Died  Age          Occupation
0     Rosaline Franklin  1920-07-25  1958-04-16   75             Chemist
1        William Gosset  1876-06-13  1937-10-16   99        Statistician
2  Florence Nightingale  1820-05-12  1910-08-13   86               Nurse
3           Marie Curie  1867-11-07  1934-07-04   67             Chemist
4         Rachel Carson  1907-05-27  1964-04-14   71           Biologist
5             John Snow  1813-03-15  1858-06-16   35           Physician
6           Alan Turing  1912-06-23  1954-06-07   78  Computer Scientist
7          Johann Gauss  1777-04-30  1855-02-23   61       Mathematician

2.5删除DataFrame的列

import pandas as pd
scientists = pd.read_csv('./data/scientists.csv')
print(scientists.columns)

Index(['Name', 'Born', 'Died', 'Age', 'Occupation'], dtype='object')

scientists_drop = scientists.drop(['Age','Died'],axis=1)

print(scientists)

                   Name        Born        Died  Age          Occupation
0     Rosaline Franklin  1920-07-25  1958-04-16   37             Chemist
1        William Gosset  1876-06-13  1937-10-16   61        Statistician
2  Florence Nightingale  1820-05-12  1910-08-13   90               Nurse
3           Marie Curie  1867-11-07  1934-07-04   66             Chemist
4         Rachel Carson  1907-05-27  1964-04-14   56           Biologist
5             John Snow  1813-03-15  1858-06-16   45           Physician
6           Alan Turing  1912-06-23  1954-06-07   41  Computer Scientist
7          Johann Gauss  1777-04-30  1855-02-23   77       Mathematician

print(scientists_drop)

                   Name        Born          Occupation
0     Rosaline Franklin  1920-07-25             Chemist
1        William Gosset  1876-06-13        Statistician
2  Florence Nightingale  1820-05-12               Nurse
3           Marie Curie  1867-11-07             Chemist
4         Rachel Carson  1907-05-27           Biologist
5             John Snow  1813-03-15           Physician
6           Alan Turing  1912-06-23  Computer Scientist
7          Johann Gauss  1777-04-30       Mathematician

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pandas3: Pandas基本操作

import pandas as pdpersons = pd.DataFrame({ 'Name':['Rosaline Franklin','William Gosset'], 'Occupation':['Chemist','Statistician'], 'Born':['1920-07-25','1876-06-13'], 'Died':['1958-04-16','1937-10-16'], 'Age':[37,61]},columns=['Occupa
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