- 泰勒展开
- 若确定极限存在,可以按照极限四则运算法则展开
- 变量代换或者取对数
- 洛必达法则
- 等价代换
- 其他
例子:
求
lim
x
→
+
∞
(
2
n
+
3
n
+
4
n
)
1
n
\lim _{x \to +\infty}(2^n + 3^n + 4^n)^{\frac{1}{n}}
x→+∞lim(2n+3n+4n)n1
解:
lim x → + ∞ ( 2 n + 3 n + 4 n ) 1 n = e lim x → + ∞ 1 n ln ( 2 n + 3 n + 4 n ) = lim x → + ∞ e 1 n ln ( 2 n + 3 n + 4 n ) = lim x → + ∞ e 1 n ln ( 4 n 2 n + 3 n + 4 n 4 n ) = lim x → + ∞ e 1 n [ ln 4 n + ln ( 2 n + 3 n + 4 n 4 n ) ] = lim x → + ∞ e 1 n [ n ln 4 + ln ( 1 + ( 3 / 4 ) n + ( 1 / 2 ) n ) ] = 4 e 1 n [ ln ( 1 + ( 3 / 4 ) n + ( 1 / 2 ) n ) ] = 4 \lim _{x \to +\infty}(2^n + 3^n + 4^n) ^{\frac{1}{n}}= e^{\lim _{x \to +\infty}\frac{1}{n}\ln(2^n + 3^n + 4^n) } = \\ \lim_{x \to +\infty}e^{\frac{1}{n} \ln(2^n + 3^n + 4^n)}=\lim_{x \to +\infty}e^{ \frac{1}{n} \ln(4^n \frac{2^n + 3^n + 4^n}{4^n})} = \\ \lim_{x \to +\infty}e^{\frac{1}{n}[\ln4^n + \ln( \frac{2^n + 3^n + 4^n}{4^n})]} =\\ \lim_{x \to +\infty}e^{\frac{1}{n}[n\ln4 + \ln(1 + (3/4)^n + (1/2)^n)]} = 4 e^{\frac{1}{n}[ \ln(1 + (3/4)^n + (1/2)^n)]}=4 x→+∞lim(2n+3n+4n)n1=elimx→+∞n1ln(2n+3n+4n)=x→+∞limen1ln(2n+3n+4n)=x→+∞limen1ln(4n4n2n+3n+4n)=x→+∞limen1[ln4n+ln(4n2n+3n+4n)]=x→+∞limen1[nln4+ln(1+(3/4)n+(1/2)n)]=4en1[ln(1+(3/4)n+(1/2)n)]=4