数据分析第三篇——Pandas之Multiindex与Series

3.1.4 Multiindex与Panel

1. Multiindex

多级或分层索引对象

• index的属性：
  • names：levels的名称
  • levels：每个level的元组值

new_df.index
new_df.index.levels
new_df.index.names

MultiIndex([(2012,  1),
            (2014,  4),
            (2013,  7),
            (2014, 10)],
           names=['year', 'month'])


FrozenList([[2012, 2013, 2014], [1, 4, 7, 10]])


FrozenList(['year', 'month'])

2. Panel

• class pandas.panel(data=None, items=None, major_axis=None, minor_axis=None, copy=False, dtype=None)
  • 存储三维数据的Panel结构
  • 现在已经被废弃

p = pd.Panel(np.arange(24).reshape(4,3,2), 
             items=list('ABCD'), 
             major_axis=pd.date_range('20130101', periods=3),
             minor_axis=['first', 'second'])

D:\Anaconda\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipykernel_launcher.py:1: FutureWarning: The Panel class is removed from pandas. Accessing it from the top-level namespace will also be removed in the next version
  """Entry point for launching an IPython kernel.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)

<ipython-input-65-050bc3687ffb> in <module>
      2              items=list('ABCD'),
      3              major_axis=pd.date_range('20130101', periods=3),
----> 4              minor_axis=['first', 'second'])


TypeError: Panel() takes no arguments

3.1.5 Series

• 带索引的一维数据
• 只有行索引(index)，没有列索引
• 属性
  • index
  • values
• 方法

sr = data.iloc[1, :]
sr
sr.index
sr.values

2018-01-01   -0.801225
2018-01-02    1.522848
2018-01-03   -1.492739
2018-01-04   -0.549901
2018-01-05   -0.960143
Freq: B, Name: 股票-1, dtype: float64


DatetimeIndex(['2018-01-01', '2018-01-02', '2018-01-03', '2018-01-04',
               '2018-01-05'],
              dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='B')


array([-0.80122527,  1.52284836, -1.49273893, -0.54990148, -0.96014347])

1. 创建Series

# 利用已有数组创建
pd.Series(np.arange(10))

0    0
1    1
2    2
3    3
4    4
5    5
6    6
7    7
8    8
9    9
dtype: int32

# 指定索引
pd.Series(np.arange(3, 9, 2), index=['a', 'b', 'c'])

a    3
b    5
c    7
dtype: int32

# 利用字典数据创建
pd.Series({'red':100, 'blue':200, 'green':500, 'yellow':1000})

red        100
blue       200
green      500
yellow    1000
dtype: int64

2. Series获取索引和值

• index
• values