字母级RNN的分类任务错误调试

问题1：UnboundLocalError: local variable 'output' referenced before assignment

def train(category_tensor, line_tensor,line):
    hidden = rnn.initHidden()
    rnn.zero_grad()
    for i in range(line_tensor.size()[0]):
        output, hidden = rnn(line_tensor[i],hidden)
    loss = criterion(output, category_tensor)
    loss.backward() 
    grad_clipping(rnn, 1)
    for p in rnn.parameters():
        p.data.add_(p.grad.data, alpha=-learning_rate)
    return output, loss.item()

在参考博客的代码上跑是没有问题的，查阅了一下循环内变量的作用域，for循环里赋值的output最后在循环外面仍然可以引用，除非没有被赋值。但是打印了output是有值的。因为一直在作用域的问题上纠结，直到一个下午过去后我才发现实际问题出现在后面，用var_exists = 'output' in locals()确定了抽样的数据有问题（可能读入数据有问题）。

def train(category_tensor, line_tensor,line):
    hidden = rnn.initHidden()
    rnn.zero_grad()
    for i in range(line_tensor.size()[0]):
        output, hidden = rnn(line_tensor[i],hidden)
    var_exists = 'output' in locals() 
    if var_exists == False:
        print("fault %s"%line)
        print(line_tensor)
    loss = criterion(output, category_tensor)
    loss.backward() 
    grad_clipping(rnn, 1)
    for p in rnn.parameters():
        p.data.add_(p.grad.data, alpha=-learning_rate)
    return output, loss.item()

修改抽样函数

def randomTraindata():
    def _choice(l):
        return l[random.randint(0,len(l)-1)]
    cate = _choice(categories)
    lines = all_categories[cate]
    line = None
    while line == None or line == '':
        line = _choice(lines)
    lineTensor = _lineTensor(line)
    cateTensor = torch.tensor([categories.index(cate)],dtype=torch.long)
    return cate,line,cateTensor,lineTensor

问题2：参数调试