彩色空间之间的转换实验报告

一.实验原理
二.代码实现

1.RGB转YUV实验
（1）rgb2yuv.h

• 创建头文件并声明函数

int RGB2YUV (int x_dim, int y_dim, void *bmp, void *y_out, void *u_out, void *v_out, int flip);
void InitLookupTable();

（2）rgb2yuv.cpp

• 实现将rgb数据转化为yuv数据。

#include "stdlib.h"
#include "rgb2yuv.h"
static float RGBYUV02990[256], RGBYUV05870[256], RGBYUV01140[256];
static float RGBYUV01684[256], RGBYUV03316[256];
static float RGBYUV04187[256], RGBYUV00813[256];//定义查找表所用公式系数的浮点型数组，且数组大小为量化级范围256
int RGB2YUV (int x_dim, int y_dim, void *bmp, void *y_out, void *u_out, void *v_out, int flip)//定义函数，参数包括宽、高、四个缓冲区指针
{
   
	static int init_done = 0;//定义调用查找表时的控制变量，同时初始化为0
	long i, j, size;//定义循环变量和尺寸变量
	unsigned char *r, *g, *b;
	unsigned char *y, *u, *v;
	unsigned char *pu1, *pu2, *pv1, *pv2, *psu, *psv;//定义上采样时缓冲区的移位指针
	unsigned char *y_buffer, *u_buffer, *v_buffer;//定义buffer指针
	unsigned char *sub_u_buf, *sub_v_buf;定义上采样后的U、V缓冲区指针

	if (init_done == 0)
	{
   
		InitLookupTable();//调用查找表，计算各量化级的公式系数
		init_done = 1;
	}
	if ((x_dim % 2) || (y_dim % 2)) return 1;//判断图像宽、高是否为偶数，从而确定上采样格式
	size = x_dim * y_dim;//尺寸变量赋值

	y_buffer = (unsigned char *)y_out;
	sub_u_buf = (unsigned char *)u_out;
	sub_v_buf = (unsigned char *)v_out;
	u_buffer = (unsigned char *)malloc(size * sizeof(unsigned char));
	v_buffer = (unsigned char *)malloc(size * sizeof(unsigned char));//为上采样后的U、V缓冲区指针分配动态内存
	if (!(u_buffer && v_buffer))
	{
   
		if (u_buffer) free(u_buffer);
		if (v_buffer) free(v_buffer);
		return 2;
	}

	b = (unsigned char *)bmp;
	y = y_buffer;
	u = u_buffer;
	v = v_buffer;
	
	//  RGB 转 YUV
	if (!flip) {
   
		for (j = 0; j < y_dim; j ++)
		{
   
			y = y_buffer + (y_dim - j - 1) * x_dim;
			u = u_buffer + (y_dim - j - 1) * x_dim;
			v = v_buffer + (y_dim - j - 1) * x_dim;

			for (i = 0; i < x_dim; i ++) {
   
				g = b + 1;
				r = b + 2;//RGB文件中图像每一像素按B、G、R依次排列
				*y = (unsigned char)(  RGBYUV02990[*r] + RGBYUV05870[*g] + RGBYUV01140[*b]);
				*u = (unsigned char)(- RGBYUV01684[*r] - RGBYUV03316[*g] + (*b)/2          + 128);
				*v = (unsigned char)(  (*r)/2          - RGBYUV04187[