在练习c++primerplus这本书上的程序时,看到一句话“ios_base::fixed, ios_base::floatfield是通过包含iostream来提供的常量”比较疑惑,就多试了几次。
源程序如下:
#include<iostream>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
cout.setf(ios_base::fixed, ios_base::floatfield);
float tub=10.0 / 3.0;
double mint = 10.0 / 3.0;
const float million = 1.0e6;
cout << "tub = " << tub;
cout << ",a million tubs = " <<million * tub;
cout << ",\nand ten million tubs = ";
cout << 10 * million * tub << endl;
cout << "mint = " << mint << " and a million tubs = ";
cout << million * mint << endl;
return 0;
}
输出结果如下:
当去掉cout.setf(ios_base::fixed, ios_base::floatfield);一句后,结果如下:
百度后得知ios_base::fixed是设置cout为定点输出格式;ios_base::floatfield是设置输出时按浮点格式,小数点后有6位数字。所谓定点输出即小数点位置固定(数值范围有限),详情可参考(18条消息) 数据格式(定点表示 浮点表示)_鲸临于空-CSDN博客_定点表示,百度后得知还可用setprecision(int)来设定小数点后具体几位,要加上#include <iomanip>,修改后代码如下:
#include <iomanip>
#include<iostream>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
float tub=10.0 / 3.0;
double mint = 10.0 / 3.0;
const float million = 1.0e6;
cout << "tub = " << tub;
cout << ",a million tubs = " << fixed << setprecision(3) << million * tub;
cout << ",\nand ten million tubs = ";
cout << 10 * million * tub << endl;
cout << "mint = " << mint << " and a million tubs = ";
cout << million * mint << endl;
return 0;
}
输出结果如下