JS基础-------时钟，计时器

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-04 16:33:59 发布

郭雨婷01

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-04 16:33:59 发布

阅读量981

点赞数 3

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_51272779/article/details/124574370

版权

提示：文章写完后，目录可以自动生成，如何生成可参考右边的帮助文档

前言

哈喽同学们大家好！本节我们学习js基础中时间日期的获取，需要掌握两个模块：Date 和计时器。本节有两个案例联系，时钟的两种实现方式。

思维导图

案例一

代码如下（示例）：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>电子时钟</title>
    <style>
        h1 {
            text-align: center;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>YYYY/MM/DD hh:mm:ss</h1>
</body>
<script>
    var h1 = document.getElementsByTagName("h1")[0];
    function setH1() {
        // 获取时间戳 
        var date = new Date();
        var year = date.getFullYear();
        var month = date.getMonth() + 1;
        var riqi = date.getDate();
        var hour = date.getHours();
        var minute = date.getMinutes();
        var second = date.getSeconds();
        // var str = year + "/" + month + "/" + riqi + " " + hour + ":" + minute + ":" + second;
        var str = `${year}/${month}/${riqi} ${hour}:${minute}:${second}`;
        // 通过innerHTML对标签的内容进行获取及修改
        h1.innerHTML = str;
    }
    // 函数的执行
    setH1();

    // 定时器
    // 每间隔1000毫秒，执行一次function
    var timer = setInterval(function(){
        setH1();
    }, 1000)
</script>
</html>

案例二

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>时钟</title>
    <style>
        * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }
        .clock {
            width: 200px;
            height: 200px;
            border: 10px solid lightgray;
            margin: 0 auto;
            border-radius: 50%;
            box-shadow: 5px 5px 5px lightgray;
            background-color: #fff;
            position: relative
        }
        .clock p {
            width: 200px;
            height: 20px;
            /* background-color: pink; */
            line-height: 20px;
            position: absolute;
            top: 90px;
        }
        .clock p span {
            display: block;
            width: 20px;
            height: 20px;
            line-height: 20px;
            text-align: center;
            /* background-color: gold; */
        }
        #hour {
            position: absolute;
            transform-origin: center bottom;
            width: 6px;
            height: 50px;
            background-color: tomato;
            left: 97px;
            top: 50px;
        }
        #minute {
            position: absolute;
            transform-origin: center bottom;
            width: 4px;
            height: 70px;
            background-color: deepskyblue;
            left: 98px;
            top: 30px;
        }
        #second {
            position: absolute;
            transform-origin: center bottom;
            width: 2px;
            height: 90px;
            background-color: hotpink;
            left: 99px;
            top: 10px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="clock">
        <p><span>1</span></p>
        <p><span>2</span></p>
        <p><span>3</span></p>
        <p><span>4</span></p>
        <p><span>5</span></p>
        <p><span>6</span></p>
        <p><span>7</span></p>
        <p><span>8</span></p>
        <p><span>9</span></p>
        <p><span>10</span></p>
        <p><span>11</span></p>
        <p><span>12</span></p>
        <div id="hour"></div>
        <div id="minute"></div>
        <div id="second"></div>
    </div>
</body>
<script>
    // 获取数字
    var ps = document.getElementsByTagName("p");
    // 获取三个指针
    var dHour = document.getElementById("hour");
    var dMinute = document.getElementById("minute");
    var dSecond = document.getElementById("second");
    //定时器
    var timer = null;


    // 设置数字的位置
    function setNums() {
        for (var i=0; i<ps.length; i++) {
            // ps[i].style.transform = `rotate(${120 + i*30}deg)`;
            ps[i].style.transform = 'rotate(' + (120 + i*30) + 'deg)';
            // 获取p下边的span标签
            var span = ps[i].getElementsByTagName("span")[0];
            span.style.transform = 'rotate(' + ((120 + i*30)*-1) + 'deg)';
        }
    }
    setNums();

    // 开启定时器
    timer = setInterval(function() {
        changeZhen();
    }, 1000)

    function changeZhen() {
        // 获取时间戳 
        var date = new Date();
        var s = date.getSeconds();
        var m = date.getMinutes() + s/60;
        var h = date.getHours() + m/60;

        dSecond.style.transform = `rotate(${s * 6}deg)`;
        dMinute.style.transform = `rotate(${m * 6}deg)`;
        dHour.style.transform = `rotate(${h * 30}deg)`;
    }
</script>
</html>