1、系统需求
通讯录是一个可以记录亲人、好友信息的工具。本教程主要利用C++来实现一个通讯录管理系统系统中需要实现的功能如下:
- 添加联系人:向通讯录中添加新人,信息包括(姓名、性别、年龄、联系电话、家庭住址)最多记录1000人
- 显示联系人:显示通讯录中所有联系人信息
- 删除联系人:按照姓名进行删除指定联系人
- 查找联系人:按照姓名查看指定联系人信息
- 修改联系人:按照姓名重新修改指定联系人
- 清空联系人:清空通讯录中所有信息
- 退出通讯录:退出当前使用的通讯录
2、菜单功能
#include <iostream> using namespace std; //菜单界面 void showMenu() { cout << "***** 1、添加联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 2、显示联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 3、删除联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 4、查找联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 5、修改联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 6、清空联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 0、退出通讯录 *****" << endl; } int main() { //菜单的调用 showMenu(); system("pause"); return 0; }
3、退出功能
#include <iostream> using namespace std; //菜单界面 void showMenu() { cout << "***** 1、添加联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 2、显示联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 3、删除联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 4、查找联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 5、修改联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 6、清空联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 0、退出通讯录 *****" << endl; } int main() { int select = 0;//创建用户选择输入的变量 while (true) { //菜单的调用 showMenu(); cin >> select; switch (select) { case 1://1、添加联系人 break; case 2://2、显示联系人 break; case 3://3、删除联系人 break; case 4://4、查找联系人 break; case 5://5、修改联系人 break; case 6://6、清空联系人 break; case 0://0、退出通讯录 cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl; system("pause"); return 0; break; default: break; } } system("pause"); return 0; }
4、添加联系人
#include <iostream> using namespace std; #include <string> #define MAX 1000 //联系人的结构体 struct Person { //姓名 string m_Name; //性别 1、男 2、女 int m_Sex; //年龄 int m_Age; //电话 string m_Phone; //住址 string m_Addr; }; //通讯录的结构体 struct Addressbooks { //通讯录中保存的联系人数组 struct Person personArray[MAX]; //通讯录中当前记录联系人个数 int m_Size; }; //添加联系人 void addPerson(Addressbooks * abs) { //判断通讯录是否已满,满了不在添加 if (abs->m_Size == MAX) { cout << "通讯录已满,无法添加" << endl; return; } else { //添加具体联系人 //姓名 string name; cout << "请输入姓名:" << endl; cin >> name; abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Name = name; //性别 cout << "请输入性别:" << endl; cout << "1 --- 男" << endl; cout << "2 --- 女" << endl; int sex = 0; while (true) { cin >> sex; if (sex == 1 || sex == 2) { abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex; break; } cout << "输入有误,请重新输入" << endl; } //年龄 cout << "请输入年龄:" << endl; int age = 0; cin >> age; abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age; //电话 cout << "请输入电话:" << endl; string Phone; cin >> Phone; abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Phone = Phone; //地址 cout << "请输入地址:" << endl; string address; cin >> address; abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Addr = address; //更新通讯录人数 abs->m_Size++; cout << "添加成功" << endl; system("pause");//按任意键继续 system("cls");//清屏 } } //菜单界面 void showMenu() { cout << "***** 1、添加联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 2、显示联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 3、删除联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 4、查找联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 5、修改联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 6、清空联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 0、退出通讯录 *****" << endl; } int main() { Addressbooks abs; //初始化通讯录中当前人员个数 abs.m_Size = 0; int select = 0;//创建用户选择输入的变量 while (true) { //菜单的调用 showMenu(); cin >> select; switch (select) { case 1://1、添加联系人 addPerson(&abs);//利用地址传递可以修饰实参 break; case 2://2、显示联系人 break; case 3://3、删除联系人 break; case 4://4、查找联系人 break; case 5://5、修改联系人 break; case 6://6、清空联系人 break; case 0://0、退出通讯录 cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl; system("pause"); return 0; break; default: break; } } system("pause"); return 0; }
5、显示联系人
//2、显示联系人 void showPerson(Addressbooks * abs) { //判断通讯录中人数是否为0 if (abs->m_Size == 0) { cout << "当前记录为空" << endl; } else { for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++) { cout << "姓名:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Name << " 性别:" << (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 1?"男":"女") << " 年龄:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Age << " 电话:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << " 地址:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Addr << endl; } } system("pause");//按任意键继续 system("cls");//清屏 }
6、删除联系人
//检测联系人是否存在,如果存在,返回联系人所在数组中的具体位置,不存在返回-1 //参数1 通讯录 参数2 对比姓名 int isExist(Addressbooks* abs,string name) { for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++) { //找到用户输入的姓名 if (abs->personArray[i].m_Name == name) { return 1; } } return -1; } //3、删除指定联系人 void deletePerson(Addressbooks* abs) { cout << "请输入您要删除的联系人" << endl; string name; cin >> name; //ret==-1 未查到 //ret!=-1 查到了 int ret=isExist(abs, name); if (ret != -1) { //查找到人,进行删除 for (int i = ret; i < abs->m_Size; i++) { //数据前移 abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1]; } abs->m_Size--;//更新通讯录中的人员数 cout << "删除成功" << endl; } else { cout << "查无此人" << endl; } system("pause");//按任意键继续 system("cls");//清屏 }
7、查找联系人
void findPerson(Addressbooks* abs) { cout << "请输入您要查找的联系人" << endl; string name; cin >> name; //判断指定的联系人是否存在 int ret=isExist(abs, name); if (ret != -1) { cout << "姓名:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Name << "\t"; cout << "性别:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex << "\t"; cout << "年龄:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Age << "\t"; cout << "电话:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone << "\t"; cout << "地址:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr << endl; } else { cout << "查无此人" << endl; } system("pause");//按任意键继续 system("cls");//清屏 }
8、修改联系人
//5、修改指定联系人信息 void modifyPerson(Addressbooks* abs) { cout << "请输入您要修改的联系人" << endl; string name; cin >> name; //判断指定的联系人是否存在 int ret = isExist(abs, name); if (ret != -1) { //姓名 string name; cout << "请输入姓名:" << endl; cin >> name; abs->personArray[ret].m_Name = name; //性别 int sex=0; cout << "请输入性别:" << endl; cout << "1 --- 男" << endl; cout << "2 --- 女" << endl; while (true) { cin >> sex; if (sex == 1 || sex == 2) { abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex = sex; break; } cout << "输入有误,重新输入" << endl; } //年龄 int age; cout << "请输入年龄:" << endl; cin >> age; abs->personArray[ret].m_Age = age; //电话 string Phone; cout << "请输入联系电话:" << endl; cin >> Phone; abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone = Phone; //地址 string address; cout << "请输入地址:" << endl; cin >> address; abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr = address; cout << "修改成功" << endl; } else { cout << "查无此人" << endl; } system("pause");//按任意键继续 system("cls");//清屏 }
9、清空通讯录
//6、清空所有联系人 void cleanPerson(Addressbooks* abs) { abs->m_Size = 0; cout << "清空成功" << endl; system("pause");//按任意键继续 system("cls");//清屏 }
10、总结
#include <iostream> using namespace std; #include <string> #define MAX 1000 //联系人的结构体 struct Person { //姓名 string m_Name; //性别 1、男 2、女 int m_Sex; //年龄 int m_Age; //电话 string m_Phone; //住址 string m_Addr; }; //通讯录的结构体 struct Addressbooks { //通讯录中保存的联系人数组 struct Person personArray[MAX]; //通讯录中当前记录联系人个数 int m_Size; }; //1、添加联系人 void addPerson(Addressbooks * abs) { //判断通讯录是否已满,满了不在添加 if (abs->m_Size == MAX) { cout << "通讯录已满,无法添加" << endl; return; } else { //添加具体联系人 //姓名 string name; cout << "请输入姓名:" << endl; cin >> name; abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Name = name; //性别 cout << "请输入性别:" << endl; cout << "1 --- 男" << endl; cout << "2 --- 女" << endl; int sex = 0; while (true) { cin >> sex; if (sex == 1 || sex == 2) { abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex; break; } cout << "输入有误,请重新输入" << endl; } //年龄 cout << "请输入年龄:" << endl; int age = 0; cin >> age; abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age; //电话 cout << "请输入电话:" << endl; string Phone; cin >> Phone; abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Phone = Phone; //地址 cout << "请输入地址:" << endl; string address; cin >> address; abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Addr = address; //更新通讯录人数 abs->m_Size++; cout << "添加成功" << endl; system("pause");//按任意键继续 system("cls");//清屏 } } //2、显示联系人 void showPerson(Addressbooks * abs) { //判断通讯录中人数是否为0 if (abs->m_Size == 0) { cout << "当前记录为空" << endl; } else { for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++) { cout << "姓名:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Name << " 性别:" << (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 1?"男":"女") << " 年龄:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Age << " 电话:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << " 地址:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Addr << endl; } } system("pause");//按任意键继续 system("cls");//清屏 } //检测联系人是否存在,如果存在,返回联系人所在数组中的具体位置,不存在返回-1 //参数1 通讯录 参数2 对比姓名 int isExist(Addressbooks* abs,string name) { for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++) { //找到用户输入的姓名 if (abs->personArray[i].m_Name == name) { return i; } } return -1; } //3、删除指定联系人 void deletePerson(Addressbooks* abs) { cout << "请输入您要删除的联系人" << endl; string name; cin >> name; //ret==-1 未查到 //ret!=-1 查到了 int ret=isExist(abs, name); if (ret != -1) { //查找到人,进行删除 for (int i = ret; i < abs->m_Size; i++) { //数据前移 abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1]; } abs->m_Size--;//更新通讯录中的人员数 cout << "删除成功" << endl; } else { cout << "查无此人" << endl; } system("pause");//按任意键继续 system("cls");//清屏 } //4、查找联系人 void findPerson(Addressbooks* abs) { cout << "请输入您要查找的联系人" << endl; string name; cin >> name; //判断指定的联系人是否存在 int ret=isExist(abs, name); if (ret != -1) { cout << "姓名:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Name << "\t"; cout << "性别:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex << "\t"; cout << "年龄:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Age << "\t"; cout << "电话:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone << "\t"; cout << "地址:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr << endl; } else { cout << "查无此人" << endl; } system("pause");//按任意键继续 system("cls");//清屏 } //5、修改指定联系人信息 void modifyPerson(Addressbooks* abs) { cout << "请输入您要修改的联系人" << endl; string name; cin >> name; //判断指定的联系人是否存在 int ret = isExist(abs, name); if (ret != -1) { //姓名 string name; cout << "请输入姓名:" << endl; cin >> name; abs->personArray[ret].m_Name = name; //性别 int sex=0; cout << "请输入性别:" << endl; cout << "1 --- 男" << endl; cout << "2 --- 女" << endl; while (true) { cin >> sex; if (sex == 1 || sex == 2) { abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex = sex; break; } cout << "输入有误,重新输入" << endl; } //年龄 int age; cout << "请输入年龄:" << endl; cin >> age; abs->personArray[ret].m_Age = age; //电话 string Phone; cout << "请输入联系电话:" << endl; cin >> Phone; abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone = Phone; //地址 string address; cout << "请输入地址:" << endl; cin >> address; abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr = address; cout << "修改成功" << endl; } else { cout << "查无此人" << endl; } system("pause");//按任意键继续 system("cls");//清屏 } //6、清空所有联系人 void cleanPerson(Addressbooks* abs) { abs->m_Size = 0; cout << "清空成功" << endl; system("pause");//按任意键继续 system("cls");//清屏 } //菜单界面 void showMenu() { cout << "***** 1、添加联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 2、显示联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 3、删除联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 4、查找联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 5、修改联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 6、清空联系人 *****" << endl; cout << "***** 0、退出通讯录 *****" << endl; } int main() { Addressbooks abs; //初始化通讯录中当前人员个数 abs.m_Size = 0; int select = 0;//创建用户选择输入的变量 while (true) { //菜单的调用 showMenu(); cin >> select; switch (select) { case 1://1、添加联系人 addPerson(&abs);//利用地址传递可以修饰实参 break; case 2://2、显示联系人 showPerson(&abs); break; case 3://3、删除联系人 //测试代码 // //switch中case里语句过多需要将case中用{}括起来,否则会报错 //{ // cout << "请输入删除联系人姓名:" << endl; // string name; // cin >> name; // if (isExist(&abs, name) == -1) { // cout << "查无此人" << endl; // } // else { // cout << "找到此人" << endl; // } //} deletePerson(&abs); break; case 4://4、查找联系人 findPerson(&abs); break; case 5://5、修改联系人 modifyPerson(&abs); break; case 6://6、清空联系人 cleanPerson(&abs); break; case 0://0、退出通讯录 cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl; system("pause"); return 0; break; default: break; } } system("pause"); return 0; }