【HCIP】三层架构实验

一、实验要求

1、内网ip地址 172.16.0.0/16合理分配
2、sw1/2之间互为备份
3、VRRP/STP/VLAN/TRUNK均使用
4、所有pc通过dhcp获取ip

二、拓扑图搭建

三、 实验分析

配置思路：eth-trunk、创建vlan、划入vlan、trunk干道、svi、stp、vrrp、dhcp

三层通道：成为通道的所有物理链路必须先为三层接口；其意义在于将多个需要配置ip地址的接口逻辑为一个接口，配置一个ip地址即可

三层交换机：普通的二层交换机具有三层路由器设备的功能；标准的3层交换机不具有nat功能；只能作为汇聚层设备，无法成为核心层连接互联网的设备；

VRRP：虚拟路由冗余协议--公有协议，原理同HSRP一致

四、具体配置

r1

[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 24
 
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.0.1 30
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address  172.16.0.5 30
 
[r1]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11

[r1-ospf-1]area 0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r1-ospf-1]q

[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.1.1.2
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]default-route-advertise
[r1-ospf-1]q
 
[r1]acl 2000
[r1-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r1-acl-basic-2000]q
 
[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000

r2

[r2]int Eth-Trunk 0
[r2-Eth-Trunk0]int g0/0/2
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]eth-trunk 0
 
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r2]int LoopBack 0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 24
[r2-LoopBack0]q

SW1

sw1同sw2

SW2

[sw2]int Eth-Trunk 0
[sw2-Eth-Trunk0]int g0/0/2
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]eth-trunk 0

[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]eth-trunk 0
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]q

[sw2]vlan 2
[sw2-vlan2]q
 
[sw2]int g0/0/5
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type trunk   
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
 
[sw2]disp stp brief 
 MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/4        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE
   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/5        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   0    Eth-Trunk0                  DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
 

 
[sw2]port-group group-member Eth-Trunk 0 g0/0/4 to g0/0/5
[sw2-port-group]port link-type trunk 
[sw2-Eth-Trunk0]port link-type trunk 
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk 
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type trunk 
[sw2-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[sw2-Eth-Trunk0]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[sw2-port-group]q
 
[sw2]stp mode mstp 
[sw2]stp enable 
[sw2]stp region-configuration 
[sw2-mst-region]region-name a
[sw2-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 1
[sw2-mst-region]instance 2 vlan  2
 
[sw2-mst-region]active region-configuration 
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw2-mst-region]q
 
[sw2]disp stp brief 
 MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  DISCARDING      NONE
   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/4        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE
   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/5        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   0    Eth-Trunk0                  DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   1    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  DISCARDING      NONE
   1    GigabitEthernet0/0/4        MAST  FORWARDING      NONE
   1    GigabitEthernet0/0/5        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   1    Eth-Trunk0                  DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   2    GigabitEthernet0/0/4        MAST  FORWARDING      NONE
   2    GigabitEthernet0/0/5        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   2    Eth-Trunk0                  DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
[sw2]
 
[sw2]int Vlanif 1
[sw2-Vlanif1]ip address 172.16.1.2 25
[sw2-Vlanif1]q
 
[sw2]int Vlanif 2
[sw2-Vlanif2]ip address 172.16.1.130 25
[sw2-Vlanif2]q
[sw2]int vl 1
[sw2-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.126
[sw2-Vlanif1]int vl 2
[sw2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.254
[sw2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 priority 105 
[sw2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 track interface g0/0/1 reduced 10
[sw2-Vlanif2]disp vrrp brief 
VRID  State        Interface                Type     Virtual IP     
----------------------------------------------------------------
1     Backup       Vlanif1                  Normal   172.16.1.126   
1     Master       Vlanif2                  Normal   172.16.1.254   
----------------------------------------------------------------
Total:2     Master:1     Backup:1     Non-active:0     
[sw2-Vlanif2]q
 
[sw2]dhcp enable 
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.
[sw2]ip pool v1
Info:It's successful to create an IP address pool.
[sw2-ip-pool-v1]network 172.16.1.0 mask 25
[sw2-ip-pool-v1]gateway-list 172.16.1.126
[sw2-ip-pool-v1]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[sw2-ip-pool-v1]q
 
[sw2]interface  Vlanif 1
[sw2-Vlanif1]dhcp select global 
[sw2-Vlanif1]q
[sw2]ip pool v2
Info:It's successful to create an IP address pool.
[sw2-ip-pool-v2]network 172.16.1.128 mask 25
[sw2-ip-pool-v2]gateway-list 172.16.1.254 
[sw2-ip-pool-v2]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[sw2-ip-pool-v2]q
 
[sw2]int Vlanif 2
[sw2-Vlanif2]dhcp select global 
[sw2-Vlanif2]q
 
[sw2]vlan  100
[sw2-vlan100]q
 
[sw2]int Vlanif 100
[sw2-Vlanif100]ip address 172.16.0.6 30
[sw2-Vlanif100]q
[sw2]int g0/0/1
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p l a
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p de vl 100
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
 
[sw2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[sw2-ospf-1]area 0
[sw2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[sw2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q                          
[sw2-ospf-1]silent-interface all
[sw2-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Vlanif 100
[sw2-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Eth-Trunk 0
[sw2-ospf-1]q

SW3

[sw3]vlan 2
[sw3-vlan2]q

[sw3]int e0/0/4
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/4]p de vl 2
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/4]
 
[sw3]port-group group-member e0/0/1 to e0/0/2
[sw3-port-group]p l tr
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/1]p l tr
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/2]p l tr
[sw3-port-group]p tr all vl 2
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/1]p tr all vl 2
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/2]p tr all vl 2
[sw3-port-group]q
 
[sw3]stp mode mstp 
[sw3]stp enable 
[sw3]stp region-configuration 
[sw3-mst-region]region-name a
[sw3-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 1
[sw3-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2
[sw3-mst-region]active region-configuration 
[sw3-mst-region]q

[sw3]int e0/0/3
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/3]stp edged-port enable 
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/3]int e0/0/4
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/4]stp edged-port enable 
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/4]q

SW4

[sw4]vlan 2
[sw4-vlan2]q
 
[sw4]int e0/0/4
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/4]p l a
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/4]p de vl 2
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/4]q

[sw4]port-g
[sw4]port-group gr
[sw4]port-group group-member e0/0/1 to e0/0/2
[sw4-port-group]p l tr
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/1]p l tr
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/2]p l tr
[sw4-port-group]p tr all vl 2
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/1]p tr all vl 2
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/2]p tr all vl 2
[sw4-port-group]q
 
[sw4]stp mode mstp 
[sw4]stp enable 
[sw4]stp region-configuration 
[sw4-mst-region]region-name a
[sw4-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 1
 
[sw4-mst-region]instance 2 vla 3
[sw4-mst-region]active reg
[sw4-mst-region]active region-configuration 
[sw4-mst-region]q
[sw4]disp st b
 MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
   0    Ethernet0/0/1               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   0    Ethernet0/0/2               DESI  DISCARDING      NONE
   0    Ethernet0/0/3               DESI  DISCARDING      NONE
   0    Ethernet0/0/4               DESI  DISCARDING      NONE
   1    Ethernet0/0/1               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   1    Ethernet0/0/2               DESI  DISCARDING      NONE
   1    Ethernet0/0/3               DESI  DISCARDING      NONE
[sw4]int e0/0/3
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/3]stp edged-port enable 
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/3]int e0/0/4
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/4]stp edged-port enable 
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/4]q

测试：

关闭一个三层设备再ping：

​​​​​​​