基于DMA串口通信

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已于 2023-11-04 21:48:40 修改

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文章标签：单片机嵌入式硬件

于 2023-11-04 21:47:29 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_70819429/article/details/134222837

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DMA介绍

DMA基本原理

直接存储器访问通道(DMA, Direct Memory Access)用来提供在外设和存储器之间或者存储器和存储器之间的高速数据传输。CPU只需初始化DMA，传输本身由DMA控制器来实现而无须CPU干预。DMA挂载在AHB上且数据传输前后不必保存上下文，因此数据可通过DMA高速移动。
设置DMA的目的是：通过硬件为存储器和外设间开通若干个直接进行数据传输的通道，节约CPU资源。

项目流程

1、RCC配置
在这里插入图片描述

2、串口设置
在这里插入图片描述
3、DMA设置

在这里插入图片描述
4、时钟源设置

5、项目设置
在这里插入图片描述

修改测试

串口发送/接收函数

HAL_UART_Transmit();串口发送数据，使用超时管理机制
HAL_UART_Receive();串口接收数据，使用超时管理机制
HAL_UART_Transmit_IT();串口中断模式发送
HAL_UART_Receive_IT();串口中断模式接收
HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA();串口DMA模式发送
HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA();串口DMA模式接收
HAL_UART_DMAPause() 暂停串口DMA
HAL_UART_DMAResume(); 恢复串口DMA
HAL_UART_DMAStop(); 结束串口DMA

修改main.c：


/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
//#include "stm32f1xx_hal.c"

extern DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_usart1_tx;

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */


uint8_t order[5]="";//下位机接收的start 和stop命令
//uint8_t *order=""；//用这个会报错，因为strcmp函数
uint8_t *sendData =" hello windows!\n";
uint8_t flag=1;//标志 0:停止发送 1.开始发送

int main(void)
{

  HAL_Init();

  SystemClock_Config();
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_DMA_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
	
	
	//接收命令的函数，接收后产生空闲中断进入中断服务函数HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback
  HAL_UARTEx_ReceiveToIdle_DMA(&huart1,order,5);

	
  while (1)
  {
		 if (flag)
        {
            HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA(&huart1, sendData, strlen(sendData)); //以DMA模式给上位机发数据
        }
        HAL_Delay(1000);
  }

}


//关于串口空闲中断的回调函数
void 	HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint16_t Size)
{
	if(huart==&huart1)
	{
		HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA(&huart1, order, strlen(order));//下位机接收命令
	}
	
	if(!strcmp(order, "start"))
	{
		flag = 1;
	}
	
	if(!strcmp(order, "stop!"))
	{
		flag = 0;
	}
	
	//继续接收命令 重新设置中断
	HAL_UARTEx_ReceiveToIdle_DMA(&huart1, order, strlen(order));
	
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */