文章目录
认识Python
介绍:
- python,翻译成英文就是蟒蛇,所以它的 Logo就是两条缠绕在一起的蛇。
- 1991年,第1个Python解释器诞生。
- Python是一门解释型、面向对象的高级编程语言,可跨平台,有广泛的标准库,功能强大。
- Python2和Python3不兼容。
缺点:
- 解释型语言速度慢
- 代码不能加密
应用:
- 游戏逻辑、业务
- 桌面软件
- 自动化脚本(常用于运维、测试)
- Web开发(例如:YouTube、Facebook、豆瓣)
- 科学计算(绘图)
- 服务器软件:爬虫、协议解析
方向:
- 人工智能
- 网络爬虫(依赖库,Python多于Java)
- Web开发:flask框架
安装
- 安装时记住要勾选 Add Python 3.x to PATH ,自动添加环境变量
- 手动设置环境变量:找Python.exe的位置,以及记得还要给Script添加一条。
- 集成开发环境:Pycharm
cmd中运行
Python可以在命令提示符cmd中运行,输入Python即可进入,还能看到当前Python版本,退出时输入exit(),或者使用CTRL+Z进行中断。
- 打开Python之禅:
import this
The Zen of Python, by Tim Peters
Beautiful is better than ugly.
Explicit is better than implicit.
Simple is better than complex.
Complex is better than complicated.
Flat is better than nested.
Sparse is better than dense.
Readability counts.
Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules.
Although practicality beats purity.
Errors should never pass silently.
Unless explicitly silenced.
In the face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to guess.
There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do it.
Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch.
Now is better than never.
Although never is often better than *right* now.
If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea.
If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea.
Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those!
- 在cmd中运行.py文件:
先调整路径,再用Python+文件名的方式即可(可以使用tab键快速补全)
如图:
Pycharm个性化配置
设置→编译器→文件和代码模板→Python Script
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time: ${DATE} ${TIME}
# @Author: hexh
# @File: ${NAME}.py
# @Software: ${PRODUCT_NAME}
这样在每次新建Python文件时可以自动生成一些预设的语句: